1. 27 February 2010 South Central Chile Earthquake Professor Scott Ashford Oregon State University Professor Jack Moehle University of California at Berkeley Professor Pedro Arduino University of Washington
4. 2010 Chile earthquake 3:34 am local time 27 February 2010 M w 8.8 Fault rupture 100km x 500 km Population affected > 8M * 521 confirmed deaths ** 190000 homes severely damaged or destroyed ~800,000 homeless ~$30B damages * ACHISINA ** USAID, 3/25/10
22. Site Effects: Vespucio Norte & Ciudad Empresiarial H/V peaks: 0.5-2sec (Bonnefoy et al, 2008) Damage to 5 to 20-story buildings Q fno : Silt & Clay Layers Localized Damage – Site Effects? A B A B Gravel, Sandy gravel Silty Clay, Silty Sand Collapse No collapse
90. Where do we fit in? The Pacific “Ring of Fire”
91. 200 mi Juan de Fuca Plate Cascadia Subduction Zone Oregon Washington California Gorda Plate Pacific Plate North America Plate Seattle Portland Corvallis Salem Redding Medford Vancouver I-5 I-5 Nazca Plate 200 mi Valparaíso South America Plate Temuco Talca Ruta 5 Ruta 5 Santiago
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Notas do Editor
Santiago
Lebu ~2m uplift
Rapel
Las Palmas Tailings dam
Fishing pier suffered lateral spread, boats still docking at pier – however fish cleaning and packaging facility totally destroyed, therefore fishing production stopped altogether here – neighboring st vincente international port, damage due to liquefaction and lateral spreading
Tower leaning, flying buttresses failed
maffei noel nathan lecture 8april2009 eq damage & retrofitmaffei seaonc seminar eq damage and retrofit concrete 07/20/10
Highway near Santiago
Santiago
What are the lessons for Caltrans, for US bridge engineers, and for Chilean bridge engineers?
Overcrossing along Route 5 about 43 km south of Santiago
The excessive transverse movement at the abutment caused this I-girder to come off the abutment seat. Note that the short abutment results in the girder coming to rest on the embankment slope armor. The effectiveness of seismic bars was not readily apparent. Note the lack of diaphragm between girders.
Ground cracking and slope movement towards Rio Bio Bio underneath north abutment of Puente Llacolen shown in previous slide. Liquefaction between bridge shown in inset.
This NOAA simulation shows the open ocean maximum wave heights predicted for the February 27, 2010 Chile earthquake. The extreme wave heights are limited to a short section along the Chilean coastline, and dissipate rapidly as the waves travel across the Pacific Ocean. The effects in Hawaii, West Coast USA, and Japan were limited to a series of rapid tidal changes on the order of 3 to 4 feet.
For comparison, this NOAA simulation shows the open ocean maximum wave heights predicted for the May 22, 1960 Chile earthquake. This was a considerably larger earthquake, and larger tsunami event. The local tsunami was more widespread, and lead to 2000 deaths in Chile, while the trans-pacific tsunami waves resulted in deaths in Hawaii, Japan and the Philippines.