Presentation by Germany - experiences with mainstreaming biodiversity in German development cooperation
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Presentation by Dr. Matthias Krause at OECD side-event ‘Mainstreaming Biodiversity and Development’ at CBD COP 13: Experiences with mainstreaming biodiversity in German Development Cooperation
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Presentation by Germany - experiences with mainstreaming biodiversity in German development cooperation
- 1. Experiences with mainstreaming biodiversity in German Development Cooperation Dr. Matthias Krause Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development Division 310 - Environment; Sustainable Use of Natural Resources; Marine Conservation and Biodiversity
- 2. Biodiversity: A priority for German Development cooperation International Commitments CBD and its protocols as strategic frame: Strategic Plan 2011-2020 Biodiversity both individual priority area as well as cross-cutting issue in other focal areas of cooperation
- 3. Mainstreaming: why? Minimize Risks Address the drivers of biodiversity loss Use opportunities Safeguard and enhance positive contributions of biodiversity and ecosystem services
- 4. German Development Cooperation: Mainstreaming in agriculture
- 5. …based on this analysis we aim to… Increase recognition of biodiversity as a central element to the implementation of the 2030 Agenda and SDGs in political dialogues Increase the integration of biodiversity in the design of development cooperation projects (standard processes) Raise awareness of the advantages of biodiversity and ecosystem services for productive sectors Build capacity and provide tools to support mainstreaming
- 6. Approaches to incorporating biodiversity measures Standard processes: Environmental, climate, social impact assessments for all TC and FC projects and programmes Guidelines for project planners Examples of biodiversity indicators Raise awareness: Good practice fact sheets Dialogues with experts from other sectors Capacity building and tools: Training offers for DC experts and partners
- 7. Cotton and Biodiversity in Sub-Saharan Africa - COMPACI Mainstreaming biodiversity Maintaining soil fertility Reducing pesticide use Certification Promoting organic cotton Safeguarding plant genetic resources Contribution to Aichi Biodiversity Targets: ©© Ben Sekamatte
- 8. Capacity Building and Tools Mainstreaming biodiversity 5-dimension framework providing practitioners with a structured approach to reflect on mainstreaming
- 9. Conclusions Mainstreaming in German DC requires continued guidance and political steering Good practice examples and success stories linked to the actual political agenda Need to build ownership within other sectors Practical tools supporting mainstreaming opportunities in different contexts More thought needed on how to use the implementation of 2030 Agenda and Paris Agreement for biodiversity mainstreaming and enhanced policy coherence
Notas do Editor
- Presentation will be structured along the following lines: 1. Biodiversity in German Development Cooperation 2. How do we work towards mainstreaming? (including examples from the agricultural sector) 3. Conclusions
- Germany considers the protection and sustainable use of biodiversity a cornerstone for sustainable development. Biodiversity loss endangers the livelihoods and economies of many - present and future generations. Within German Development Cooperation, we treat biodiversity both as an individual priority area as well as a cross-cutting issue in other focal areas of cooperation. Since 2013 Germany provides 500 Mio € annually for biodiversity, forests and other ecosystems, honoring the commitment made by Chancellor Merkel at CBD COP9 in 2008. Reference to new brochure Committed to Biodiversity describing Germany’s international Cooperation in support of the CBD for Sustainable Development.
- Mainstreaming biodiversity helps to: Minimize risks and to tackle the drivers of biodiversity loss while also Using opportunities to promote coherence between economic, social and ecological dimensions of sustainable development
- Biodiversity issues have to be integrated into other focal areas of German DC. Example from our portfolio in the area of agriculture and food security: Special initiative ‚One world – no hunger‘ of BMZ: 1,5 Billion EUR per Year Objectives: tackle hunger and malnutrition, boost sustainable agricultural productivity, encourage sustainable fishing and aquaiculture, and conserve soils Focus on Africa Ongoing projects in the focal area agriculture (FC and TC), total number 245 project (in 2016). Some agricultural projects also have biodiversity as a principal objective (less than 5 %) About 25% have biodiversity conservation as a secondary objective (Rio marker biodiversity 1) More than 70% do not import any impact on biodiversity. Obviously there is considerable potential to further mainstream biodiversity in this part of our portfolio which does not report any impact
- The implementation of the 2030 Agenda (but also the Paris Agreement) open up new opportunities for mainstreaming. We aim to increase the recognition of biodiversity as a central element in our political dialogues (e.g. on SDG14) Productive sectors: agriculture, forestry, fisheries and water sector
- A diverse range of approaches exists for paying greater attention to biodiversity issues in agricultural projects. These can include informational, market-based, planning and regulatory instruments. Aside from environmental, climate and social impact assessments, other processes in this context include the World Bank Safeguards and the International Performance Standards on Environmental and Social Sustainability, which provide precise guidance on avoiding and minimising the negative impacts of activities on biodiversity, for example through set asides, minimisation of habitat fragmentation through the use of green corridors, or damage thresholds for the use of pesticides and integrated crop protection
- Example: Cotton plays an important part in the economic development of many African countries. However, it is also a crop that is heavily treated with chemical pesticides that damage the soil and kill not only pests but also beneficial insects. Objectives: The project ‘Promoting cotton cultivation in sub-Saharan Africa’ (COMPACI) [Competitive African Cotton Initiative] aims to help some 700,000 cotton producers raise their farms’ productivity and revenue while also enhancing soil fertility, reducing pesticide use and introducing integrated crop protection. Approaches/characteristics: In ‘farmer field schools’ farmers learn how to conserve soil and water, how to assess costs and benefits of different plant protection and pest control methods, for instance using traps with little effect on non-targeted species. Additionally, the social and ecological standards contained in the ‘Cotton made in Africa’ label for sustainably produced cotton have led to re-introducing local cotton varieties and planting multiple crops in rotation. Results/contributions to focal area: Producers in the project region are now achieving noticeably higher yields and have increased their income from cotton cultivation by around a third. At the same time farmers were able to improve their knowledge regarding conservation of soil, water and species.
- The framework developed by GIZ on behalf of BMZ describes 5 dimensions on a continuum. (1) Institutional arrangements, (2) Range of (policy) topics, (3) Societal anchoring, (4) (Policy) Instruments, and (5) Financial resources. The framework was sucessfully used in Mexico with participants from the Ministries of Environment, Fisheries, Agriculture and Tourism in June 2016, and in Namibia with Members of the NBSAP Committee
- We experience that integration of biodiversity – or mainstreaming - even within our own institution and project portfolio requires continued and strong guidance and political steering (e.g. with regard to application of standard processes in project planning or to integrate biodiversity in political dialogues) Successes and good practice examples have to be identified with experts from other sectors and links to the actual political agenda (CBD Strategic Plan, 2030 Agenda to be shown) Ownership of experts from other sectors is crucial (requires participation, appropriate languages etc.) Practical tools serve as entry points to help partners in their country specific context to identify mainstreaming opportunities and develop strategies for mainstreaming. More thought is needed on how the momentum of implementing the 2030 Agenda and Paris Agreement / NDC can be used for enhanced policy coherence