Presentation from February 2021 CCXG Workshop

1. a
Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad, India
Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad, India
Looking ahead: Opportunities in developing
CRTs
Climate Change Expert Group (CCXG) Workshop, February 2-4, 2021
Amit Garg
(amitgarg@iima.ac.in)
Understanding opportunities and challenges of the CRF system:
Capacity-building to support CRT discussions

2. a
Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad, India
Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad, India
UNFCCC Reporting Requirements
• National Communications
• Four years from the initial disbursement of financial resources
• Elements of reporting – National circumstances, GHG inventory, Mitigation
actions, V&A, RSO, SD & CC, Constraints & Gaps and related FTC needs, Any
other information
• Biennial Update Report (BUR)
• Every 2nd year (apparently the last sets are being submitted)
• Elements of reporting – National circumstances, GHG inventory, Mitigation
actions and their effects, Constraints & Gaps and related FTC needs
• ICA mandatory – total 15-month process (technical assessment by TTE, followed
by IC at next SBSTA/COP)
• Biennial Transparency Report (BTR)
• Every 2nd year (first before December 31, 2024)
• Elements of reporting – National circumstances, GHG inventory, progress on
NDC, Mitigation actions and their effects, Impacts and adaptation, Constraints &
Gaps, FTC needs
• Using CRT
• Technical Expert Review mandatory

3. a
Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad, India
Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad, India
Paris Agreement (Enhanced transparency framework)
All Parties (shall)
National greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory report (Article 13.7(a))
Progress made in implementing and achieving nationally determined contributions (NDC)
(Article 13.7 (b))
All Parties (should, as appropriate)
Climate change impacts and adaptation (Article 13.8)
Developing country Parties (should)
Financial, technology transfer and capacity building support needed and received under
Articles 9, 10 and 11 (Article 13.10)
All Parties (shall)
Undergo technical expert review of information submitted under Article 13.7 (Article 13.11)
Reporting
Technical expert review
Source: Key commonalities and differences between reporting provisions under the Convention and the Paris
Agreement, CGE, UNFCCC Secretariat

4. a
Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad, India
Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad, India
Convention (Existing MRV arrangements)
National Communications
Measurement of GHG emissions and sinks
(GHG inventory)
Steps to implement Convention
Decision 17/CP.8
BURs
GHG Inventory report
Reporting mitigation actions and their effects
Reporting on domestic MRV systems
Needs and support received
Annex III to decision 2/CP.17
Report on domestic MRV in the BUR
Decision 21/CP.19
International MRV
Domestic MRV
Source: Key commonalities and differences between reporting provisions under the Convention and the Paris
Agreement, CGE, UNFCCC Secretariat
ICA
Technical analysis of BURs
Facilitative sharing of views
Decisions 2/CP.17 and 20/CP.19

5. a
Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad, India
Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad, India
Timelines for Reporting
First biennial transparency reports (BTRs) by, at the latest, 31 December 2024
(SIDS and LDCs have discretion)
TER (to be initiated immediately following the submission)
FMCP (ASAP following the publication of the TER report)
All Parties
Source: Key commonalities and differences between reporting provisions under the Convention and the Paris
Agreement, CGE, UNFCCC Secretariat
Final biennial updates by no later than 31 December 2024
ETF replaces BURs and ICA
Flexibility to those developing
country Parties that need it in
the light of their capacities
Facilitating improved reporting
and transparency over time
Developing country Parties

6. a
Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad, India
Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad, India
Reporting Transitions for moving towards ETF
Reporting
requirements
Shall Should Encouraged to May report to the extent
possible
• Methodological transitions - New IPCC Guidelines (Revised 1996 Guidelines
to 2006 Guidelines and 2019 Refinements and 2013 wetlands supplement)
• Software transitions - from own software (many a times without specific
design and structure) to CRT (common reporting), manual/automatic
• Data and Database transitions – up to 4 year data gap allowed for BUR to 2
year (T-3 flexibility?), time series database creation (base year, 2020+), sub
category levels, 7 GHGs and 4 precursors
• Format Vs Tables transitions: Separate carrier and contents
• Training for transitions: Experts and inventory compilers
17/CP.8 (NC) 8 10 32 6
18/CMA.1
(BTR)
55 27 11 32
2/CP.17 (BUR) 14 12 7 11
Alternate approaches: How could we simplify CRT? How could we complicate CRT?

7. a
Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad, India
Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad, India
Capacity Building for Transitions
Training
• Exposure to CRF and CRF Reporter
• Access to software, licence, internet/CD based
• Training in IT tools
• Testing competence after training
Components
• IPCC Guidelines (2006, 2019, 2013 wetlands)
• Software and databases – structure creation, CRF and CRT software
• National systems – creation, integration and strengthening
Needs are large (exposure, training and testing)
• Roster of UNFCCC expert reviewers (Brazil 63, China 43, India 12,
Indonesia 12, Republic of Korea 102, South Africa 33, Tanzania 12, .......)
• Inventory compilers ~ 5-8 times the above in countries?
• Very focussed and also broad based training required

8. a
Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad, India
Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad, India
Thanks
(amitgarg@iima.ac.in)