The OECD adopted a freemium model for publishing to balance open access with cost recovery. Freemium allows the OECD to maximize dissemination of its content by making more information freely available online or for download while also achieving full cost recovery through premium services and priced content. Under this model, basic content is free for all readers while enhanced services and content access is reserved for paying institutional customers. This balanced approach benefits all stakeholders in knowledge economy.
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Freemium Access: A Case Study in Sustainable Publishing at the OECD
1. Freemium Access
A Case Study in Sustainable
Publishing: OECD
Toby Green
Head of Publishing
toby.green@oecd.org
Open Access Monographs in the Humanities and
Social Sciences Conference. July 1-2, 2013
2. “The audience which finds your
content interesting and useful
is always larger than
you think.”
AuthorsResearchersStudentsPractitioners, unaffiliated researchers,
educated layman . . . .
Do we know our audience . . .?
3. Demand for scholarly works:
More students = more readers in the future
50% going to university
c.14 countries in 2000
25 countries in 2010
But they won’t all go into research or
work in subscribing institutions
4. . . . and all these graduates are growing
up in a knowledge economy . . .
No! You have to
subscribe to
knowledge!
5. . . . and the policymakers and funders
are listening . . . and acting . . .
What do you mean, these reports
cost money? We paid for the
@*^%$ research!
6. . . . so publishers are reacting . . .
Don’t worry, Dad, I’m going to turn this
company around 360 degrees!
8. We need a little balance (and calm)
For the benefit of all stakeholders in the knowledge economy:
• Authors
• Funders
• Taxpayers
• Readers
• Publishers
• Policymakers
• Librarians . . .
FREEMIUM
And we think
may be the new publishing paradigm
10. Readers have different contexts
• Home or SME or mobile
• Occasional, low intensity
• No or low desire for added-
value services
• Institution, desk-bound
• High intensity, re-use
• Opportunity for value-added
support and services
11. Readers‟ and institutional needs are
multi-faceted and evolving
Needs
Time
PREMIUM
Read on PC
Save offline,
copy-paste
Enhanced
discovery
Download associated
data (StatLinks)
Citation tools,
Text mining
Basic
discovery
Read on
tablets
Save in
information management
systems (e.g. Mendeley)
Share, Embed
ValueSupport for
libraries
FREE
Simple
Complex
FREEMIUM
12. OECD‟s Freemium boundary evolves
All content
free to read
online
Basic
downloadable
edition
1999 2004 2005-2010
Enhanced
downloadable
edition
20% of
pages free
to read
100% of
pages free
to read
20-30% of
books free
to downloadNon-customers (free access)
Customers (Cost recovery)
Download
by chapter
2012
Read by
chapter
Today
Services
14. FREEMIUM means we can maximise
dissemination (more people read our stuff!)
14
-
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Sold Free
In 2012, 10 out of 12
readings were
free of charge
Downloads(„000s)
MAXIMISE
DISSEMINATION
15. Freemium means cost recovery
Income(millionseuros)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Books
Periodicals
PRODUCTS
OECD iLibrary
SERVICES
FULL COST
RECOVERY
c. 300
institutions
with premium
services to
all titles
c. 1200
institutions
with premium
services to
all titles
17. Thank you
Toby Green
Head of Publishing, OECD
toby.green@oecd.org
www.oecd-ilibrary.org
@TobyABGreen
Notas do Editor
Clay Shirky, noted US writer about all things online and digital, is, of course, a best-selling author. I bet his publisher doesn’t just push a button . . .
To remind audience that the mandate is Part I statistical data only.No mandate or commitment on publicationsWe will continue to sell, including statistical data servicesPublishing Policy is unchanged save for the commitment that 100% of Part I data be freely available in basic form
Key message: Delta continues the existing practice of stepping up the value chain to find revenues and using these revenues to build improved free services to non-subscribers.This is why Freemium model can work: As new needs emerge, new, innovative, premium services are provided generating the revenues to enable mature services to become free.
Key message: Delta continues the existing practice of stepping up the value chain to find revenues and using these revenues to build improved free services to non-subscribers.
Analytical content: 100% freeFull ‘Read’ service on iLibrary and oecd.org (now available on mobile devices)Full ‘Read’ service on Google BooksAll declassified documents free on oecd.orgData: 70% free, includingAll core indicators and data: Factbook, At a Glance, Key TablesThe most popular data from all OECD databasesNB The remaining 30% data is highly specialized. The consultant’s report concluded that making it free would represent only a marginal increase in use and impact (less than 1% of today’s free data)Dissemination figures2.4 million1.6 new revenue800k efficiencies