This presentation provides the information about the project loon. Project Loon is a research and development project being developed by Google X. Project Loon is a network of balloons traveling on the edge of space, designed to connect people in rural and remote areas.

1. Nilesh Valva

2. CONTENT
o what is project loon?
o History
o Equipment
o How Loon flies
o How Loon connects
o Advantages
o Disadvantage

3. WHAT IS PROJECT LOON?
o Many of us think of the Internet as a global community. But two-
thirds of the world’s population does not yet have Internet access.
o Project Loon is a research and development project being developed
by Google X.

4. WHAT IS PROJECT LOON?
o Project Loon is a network of balloons traveling
on the edge of space, designed to connect
people in rural and remote areas, help fill
coverage gaps.

5. HISTORY
o In 2008, Google considered contracting with or acquiring Space Data
Corp.
o Unofficial development on the project began in 2011 under incubation
in Google X with a series of trial runs in Timeline California's Central
Valley.
o The project was officially announced as a Google project on June 14,
2013.

6. HISTORY
o Pilot test
 On June 16, 2013, Google began a pilot experiment in New Zealand
where about 30 balloons were launched in coordination with the
Civil Aviation Authority.
 From the Tekapo area in the South Island.

7. HISTORY
o In February 2014, the record streak for a balloon lasting in the stratosphere
was 50 days. In Nov 2014, the record was 130 days, and in March 2, 2015,
the record for a continuous balloon flight is 187 days.
o On July 28, 2015, Google signed an agreement with officials of Information
and Communication Technology Agency (ICTA) – Sri Lanka, to launch the
technology on a mass scale. As a result, by March 2016, Sri Lanka will be
the second country in the world to get full coverage of internet using LTE,
after Vatican City.

8. EQUIPMENT
o Envelopes
o Payload
o Solar panel

9. EQUIPMENT
o Envelopes :
 balloons are designed and manufactured at
scale to survive the conditions in the
stratosphere, where winds can blow over 100
km/hr and the thin atmosphere offers little
protection from UV radiation and dramatic
temperature swings which can reach as low
as -90°C.

10. EQUIPMENT
o Made from sheets of polyethylene,
each tennis court sized balloon is
built to last more than 100 days in
the stratosphere before returning to
the ground in a controlled descent.

11. EQUIPMENT
o PAYLOAD :
 A small box containing the balloon’s
electronics hangs underneath the
inflated envelope, like the basket
carried by a hot air balloon.

12. EQUIPMENT
o This box contains circuit boards that control
the system, radio antennas to communicate
with other balloons and with Internet
antennas on the ground, and lithium ion
batteries to store solar power so the balloons
can operate throughout the night.

13. EQUIPMENT
o SOLAR PANEL :
 The stratosphere is great for solar
panels because there are no
clouds to block the sun.

14. EQUIPMENT
o SOLAR PANEL :
 It takes 4 hours for the solar
panels to charge the battery
during the day, and that power is
sufficient to keep all the flight
systems working 24 hours a day.

15. HOW LOON FLIES
o Project Loon balloons travel approximately 20 km above the Earth’s
surface in the stratosphere.
o Winds in the stratosphere are stratified, and each layer of wind varies
in speed and direction.
o Project Loon uses software algorithms to determine where its balloons
need to go, then moves each one into a layer of wind blowing in the
right direction.

16. HOW LOON FLIES
Navigating with the wind

17. HOW LOON FLIES
o Stratosphere :
 Situated on the edge of space, between 10 km and 60 km in
altitude, the stratosphere presents unique engineering challenges:
air pressure is 1% that at sea level, and this thin atmosphere offers
less protection from UV radiation and dramatic temperature swings,
which can reach as low as -80°C.

18. HOW LOON FLIES
o By carefully designing the balloon
envelope to withstand these conditions,
Project Loon is able to take advantage of
the stratosphere’s steady winds and
remain well above weather events,
wildlife and airplanes.
Stratosphere

19. HOW LOON FLIES

20. HOW LOON CONNECTS
o Each balloon can provide connectivity to a ground area about 80 km
in diameter using a wireless communications technology called LTE.
o To use LTE, Project Loon partners with telecommunications
companies to share cellular spectrum so that people will be able to
access the Internet everywhere directly from their phones and other
LTE-enabled devices.

21. HOW LOON CONNECTS

22. HOW LOON CONNECTS
o A custom-designed Internet
antenna attached to a user's house
allows them to receive Internet
service from Project Loon. The
Internet antenna's balloon-inspired
design is a playful symbol of the
Project Loon network.

23. ADVANTAGES
o easy to use
o speed
o increasing internet usage

24. DISADVANTAGE
o cost
o maintenance
o balloon work for few weeks

25. REFERENCE
o https://x.company/loon
o https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/project_loon
o https://plus.google.com/+projectloon
o https://www.youtube.com/user/projectloon
o https://www.google.com/intl/en-us/loon

26. THANK YOU