A rhytidectomy, also known as a facelift, is a cosmetic surgery procedure used to give a more youthful appearance. It involves removing excess facial skin and tightening underlying tissues. The first facelift was performed in 1901. Facelifts are one of the most popular aesthetic surgeries, with costs varying significantly depending on location.

2. Integumentary System

3. Integumentary System
Several Important Terms to Remember

4. Integumentary System
Several Important Terms to Remember
by Nesha Radojevic

6. Dermatome

7. Dermatome
is a surgical instrument used to
produce thin slices of skin from a
donor area, in order to use them for
making skin grafts. One of its main
applications is for reconstituting skin
areas damaged by grade 3 burns or
trauma.
Dermatomes can be operated either
manually or electrically. The first
drum dermatomes, developed in the
1930s, were manually operated.
Afterwards, dermatomes which were
operated by air pressure, such as the
Brown dermatome, achieved higher
speed and precision. Electrical
dermatomes are better for cutting
out thinner and longer strips of skin

8. Dermatome
is a surgical instrument used to
produce thin slices of skin from a
donor area, in order to use them for
making skin grafts. One of its main
applications is for reconstituting skin
areas damaged by grade 3 burns or
trauma.
Dermatomes can be operated either
manually or electrically. The first
drum dermatomes, developed in the
1930s, were manually operated.
Afterwards, dermatomes which were
operated by air pressure, such as the
Brown dermatome, achieved higher
speed and precision. Electrical
dermatomes are better for cutting
out thinner and longer strips of skin

9. Dermatome
is a surgical instrument used to
produce thin slices of skin from a
donor area, in order to use them for
making skin grafts. One of its main
applications is for reconstituting skin
areas damaged by grade 3 burns or
trauma.
Dermatomes can be operated either
manually or electrically. The first
drum dermatomes, developed in the
1930s, were manually operated.
Afterwards, dermatomes which were
operated by air pressure, such as the
Brown dermatome, achieved higher
speed and precision. Electrical
dermatomes are better for cutting
out thinner and longer strips of skin

10. A dermatologist is a physician who
specializes in skin care. This doctor
receives extensive training in treating skin
problems and helping keep skin healthy.
With this extensive training, experience,
and passion, a dermatologist helps keep
skin, hair, and nails healthy, and healthy-
looking, throughout your lifetime.
Dermatologist's Training
After earning a medical degree and
completing an internship, a
dermatologist receives three more years
of specialty training to become an
expert who is dedicated to skin, hair, and
nails. Many dermatologists have general
practices and see patients with all types
of skin concerns. Some dermatologists
gain additional training and expertise in
specific areas of dermatology, such as
pediatrics, surgery, or cosmetics, and go
on to have practices specializing in these
areas.

11. Dermatologist
A dermatologist is a physician who
specializes in skin care. This doctor
receives extensive training in treating skin
problems and helping keep skin healthy.
With this extensive training, experience,
and passion, a dermatologist helps keep
skin, hair, and nails healthy, and healthy-
looking, throughout your lifetime.
Dermatologist's Training
After earning a medical degree and
completing an internship, a
dermatologist receives three more years
of specialty training to become an
expert who is dedicated to skin, hair, and
nails. Many dermatologists have general
practices and see patients with all types
of skin concerns. Some dermatologists
gain additional training and expertise in
specific areas of dermatology, such as
pediatrics, surgery, or cosmetics, and go
on to have practices specializing in these
areas.

12. Dermatologist
A dermatologist is a physician who
specializes in skin care. This doctor
receives extensive training in treating skin
problems and helping keep skin healthy.
With this extensive training, experience,
and passion, a dermatologist helps keep
skin, hair, and nails healthy, and healthy-
looking, throughout your lifetime.
Dermatologist's Training
After earning a medical degree and
completing an internship, a
dermatologist receives three more years
of specialty training to become an
expert who is dedicated to skin, hair, and
nails. Many dermatologists have general
practices and see patients with all types
of skin concerns. Some dermatologists
gain additional training and expertise in
specific areas of dermatology, such as
pediatrics, surgery, or cosmetics, and go
on to have practices specializing in these
areas.

13. Dermatologist
A dermatologist is a physician who
specializes in skin care. This doctor
receives extensive training in treating skin
problems and helping keep skin healthy.
With this extensive training, experience,
and passion, a dermatologist helps keep
skin, hair, and nails healthy, and healthy-
looking, throughout your lifetime.
Dermatologist's Training
After earning a medical degree and
completing an internship, a
dermatologist receives three more years
of specialty training to become an
expert who is dedicated to skin, hair, and
nails. Many dermatologists have general
practices and see patients with all types
of skin concerns. Some dermatologists
gain additional training and expertise in
specific areas of dermatology, such as
pediatrics, surgery, or cosmetics, and go
on to have practices specializing in these
areas.

14. Melanoma
Melanoma is the most dangerous
type of skin cancer. It is the leading
cause of death from skin disease.
Symptoms
The ABCD system may help you remember features that
might be a symptom of melanoma:
• Asymmetry: One half of the abnormal area is different
from the other half.
• Borders: The lesion or growth has irregular edges.
• Color: Color changes from one area to another, with
shades of tan, brown, or black (sometimes white, red, or
blue). A mixture of colors may appear within one lesion.
• Diameter: The trouble spot is usually (but not always)
larger than 6 mm in diameter -- about the size of a pencil
eraser

15. Melanoma
Melanoma is the most dangerous
type of skin cancer. It is the leading
cause of death from skin disease.
Symptoms
The ABCD system may help you remember features that
might be a symptom of melanoma:
• Asymmetry: One half of the abnormal area is different
from the other half.
• Borders: The lesion or growth has irregular edges.
• Color: Color changes from one area to another, with
shades of tan, brown, or black (sometimes white, red, or
blue). A mixture of colors may appear within one lesion.
• Diameter: The trouble spot is usually (but not always)
larger than 6 mm in diameter -- about the size of a pencil
eraser

16. Melanoma
Melanoma is the most dangerous
type of skin cancer. It is the leading
cause of death from skin disease.
Symptoms
The ABCD system may help you remember features that
might be a symptom of melanoma:
• Asymmetry: One half of the abnormal area is different
from the other half.
• Borders: The lesion or growth has irregular edges.
• Color: Color changes from one area to another, with
shades of tan, brown, or black (sometimes white, red, or
blue). A mixture of colors may appear within one lesion.
• Diameter: The trouble spot is usually (but not always)
larger than 6 mm in diameter -- about the size of a pencil
eraser

17. Staging:

18. Staging:
Stage 0: Melanoma in Situ (Clark Level I), 99.9% Survival

19. Staging:
Stage 0: Melanoma in Situ (Clark Level I), 99.9% Survival
Stage I/II: Invasive Melanoma, 85-99% Survival

20. Staging:
Stage 0: Melanoma in Situ (Clark Level I), 99.9% Survival
Stage I/II: Invasive Melanoma, 85-99% Survival
Stage II: High Risk Melanoma, 40-85% Survival

21. Staging:
Stage 0: Melanoma in Situ (Clark Level I), 99.9% Survival
Stage I/II: Invasive Melanoma, 85-99% Survival
Stage II: High Risk Melanoma, 40-85% Survival
Stage III: Regional Metastasis, 25-60% Survival

22. Staging:
Stage 0: Melanoma in Situ (Clark Level I), 99.9% Survival
Stage I/II: Invasive Melanoma, 85-99% Survival
Stage II: High Risk Melanoma, 40-85% Survival
Stage III: Regional Metastasis, 25-60% Survival
Stage IV: Distant Metastasis, 9-15% Survival

23. Staging:
Stage 0: Melanoma in Situ (Clark Level I), 99.9% Survival
Stage I/II: Invasive Melanoma, 85-99% Survival
Stage II: High Risk Melanoma, 40-85% Survival
Stage III: Regional Metastasis, 25-60% Survival
Stage IV: Distant Metastasis, 9-15% Survival
The key to treating melanoma is
recognizing symptoms early. You might not
notice a small spot of concern if you don't
look carefully, so perform thorough self-
examinations monthly, and schedule a
formal skin exam with a dermatologist
yearly.

24. Staging:
Stage 0: Melanoma in Situ (Clark Level I), 99.9% Survival
Stage I/II: Invasive Melanoma, 85-99% Survival
Stage II: High Risk Melanoma, 40-85% Survival
Stage III: Regional Metastasis, 25-60% Survival
Stage IV: Distant Metastasis, 9-15% Survival
The key to treating melanoma is
recognizing symptoms early. You might not
notice a small spot of concern if you don't
look carefully, so perform thorough self-
examinations monthly, and schedule a
formal skin exam with a dermatologist
yearly.

25. Staging:
Stage 0: Melanoma in Situ (Clark Level I), 99.9% Survival
Stage I/II: Invasive Melanoma, 85-99% Survival
Stage II: High Risk Melanoma, 40-85% Survival
Stage III: Regional Metastasis, 25-60% Survival
Stage IV: Distant Metastasis, 9-15% Survival
The key to treating melanoma is
recognizing symptoms early. You might not
notice a small spot of concern if you don't
look carefully, so perform thorough self-
examinations monthly, and schedule a
formal skin exam with a dermatologist
yearly.

26. Staging:
Stage 0: Melanoma in Situ (Clark Level I), 99.9% Survival
Stage I/II: Invasive Melanoma, 85-99% Survival
Stage II: High Risk Melanoma, 40-85% Survival
Stage III: Regional Metastasis, 25-60% Survival
Stage IV: Distant Metastasis, 9-15% Survival
The key to treating melanoma is
recognizing symptoms early. You might not
notice a small spot of concern if you don't
look carefully, so perform thorough self-
examinations monthly, and schedule a
formal skin exam with a dermatologist
yearly.

28. Rhytidectomy

29. Rhytidectomy

30. Rhytidectomy
A facelift, technically known as a
rhytidectomy (literally, surgical removal of
wrinkles), is a type of cosmetic surgery procedure
used to give a more youthful appearance. It usually
involves the removal of excess facial skin, with or
without the tightening of underlying tissues, and
the redraping of the skin on the patient's face and
neck. The first facelift was performed in Berlin in
1901 by Eugen Holländer. According to the most
recent 2007 statistics from the American Society
for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, facelifts were the
seventh most popular aesthetic surgery performed
a f t e r l i p o s u c t i o n , b re a s t a u g m e n t a t i o n ,
blepharoplasty (eyelid surgery), abdominoplasty
(tummy tuck), breast reduction, and rhinoplasty.

31. Rhytidectomy
A facelift, technically known as a
rhytidectomy (literally, surgical removal of
wrinkles), is a type of cosmetic surgery procedure
used to give a more youthful appearance. It usually
involves the removal of excess facial skin, with or
without the tightening of underlying tissues, and
the redraping of the skin on the patient's face and
neck. The first facelift was performed in Berlin in
1901 by Eugen Holländer. According to the most
recent 2007 statistics from the American Society
for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, facelifts were the
seventh most popular aesthetic surgery performed
a f t e r l i p o s u c t i o n , b re a s t a u g m e n t a t i o n ,
blepharoplasty (eyelid surgery), abdominoplasty
(tummy tuck), breast reduction, and rhinoplasty.

32. Rhytidectomy
A facelift, technically known as a
rhytidectomy (literally, surgical removal of
wrinkles), is a type of cosmetic surgery procedure
used to give a more youthful appearance. It usually
involves the removal of excess facial skin, with or
without the tightening of underlying tissues, and
the redraping of the skin on the patient's face and
neck. The first facelift was performed in Berlin in
1901 by Eugen Holländer. According to the most
recent 2007 statistics from the American Society
for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, facelifts were the
seventh most popular aesthetic surgery performed
a f t e r l i p o s u c t i o n , b re a s t a u g m e n t a t i o n ,
blepharoplasty (eyelid surgery), abdominoplasty
(tummy tuck), breast reduction, and rhinoplasty.
Cost varies by country where surgery is performed (2008):

33. Rhytidectomy
A facelift, technically known as a
rhytidectomy (literally, surgical removal of
wrinkles), is a type of cosmetic surgery procedure
used to give a more youthful appearance. It usually
involves the removal of excess facial skin, with or
without the tightening of underlying tissues, and
the redraping of the skin on the patient's face and
neck. The first facelift was performed in Berlin in
1901 by Eugen Holländer. According to the most
recent 2007 statistics from the American Society
for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, facelifts were the
seventh most popular aesthetic surgery performed
a f t e r l i p o s u c t i o n , b re a s t a u g m e n t a t i o n ,
blepharoplasty (eyelid surgery), abdominoplasty
(tummy tuck), breast reduction, and rhinoplasty.
Cost varies by country where surgery is performed (2008):
India - US$4,800 Malaysia - US$6,400
Panama - US$2,500 Russia - US$1,000
Singapore - US$7,500 South Korea - US$6,650
Taiwan - US$8,500 Thailand - US$5,000
Belgium - GBP £1,650 and up Italy - GBP £5,000
United States - US$7,000-$15,000

34. Rhytidectomy
A facelift, technically known as a
rhytidectomy (literally, surgical removal of
wrinkles), is a type of cosmetic surgery procedure
used to give a more youthful appearance. It usually
involves the removal of excess facial skin, with or
without the tightening of underlying tissues, and
the redraping of the skin on the patient's face and
neck. The first facelift was performed in Berlin in
1901 by Eugen Holländer. According to the most
recent 2007 statistics from the American Society
for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, facelifts were the
seventh most popular aesthetic surgery performed
a f t e r l i p o s u c t i o n , b re a s t a u g m e n t a t i o n ,
blepharoplasty (eyelid surgery), abdominoplasty
(tummy tuck), breast reduction, and rhinoplasty.
Cost varies by country where surgery is performed (2008):
India - US$4,800 Malaysia - US$6,400
Panama - US$2,500 Russia - US$1,000
Singapore - US$7,500 South Korea - US$6,650
Taiwan - US$8,500 Thailand - US$5,000
Belgium - GBP £1,650 and up Italy - GBP £5,000
United States - US$7,000-$15,000

35. Onychophagia
An obsessive compulsive dissorder where a person
obsesivelly bites their nails. Stress and anxiety can trigger
the nail biting.

36. Onychophagia

37. Onychophagia
An obsessive compulsive dissorder where a person
obsesivelly bites their nails. Stress and anxiety can trigger
the nail biting.

38. Onychophagia
An obsessive compulsive dissorder where a person
obsesivelly bites their nails. Stress and anxiety can trigger
the nail biting.

39. Onychophagia
An obsessive compulsive dissorder where a person
obsesivelly bites their nails. Stress and anxiety can trigger
the nail biting.

40. Onychophagia
An obsessive compulsive dissorder where a person
obsesivelly bites their nails. Stress and anxiety can trigger
the nail biting.

42. The End