Joshua Riley-Graham: Hurt Brains Don't Think Good
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This document discusses various neurological disorders and what they reveal about the human brain. [1] Specific damage to different areas of the brain can cause highly specific cognitive and behavioral problems. [2] For example, damage to the V5 area of the visual cortex causes "motion blindness" where the person can no longer perceive movement. [3] Different disorders provide insights into the modular and specialized nature of the brain.
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Joshua Riley-Graham: Hurt Brains Don't Think Good
- 2. Joshua Riley-Graham Hurt Brains Don’t Think Good
- 3. HURT BRAINS DON’T THINK GOOD NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND WHAT THEY TELL US ABOUT OURSELVES!
- 4. PHRENOLOGY • Wrong, but not stupid! • “Le bon Dieu est dans le detail”!
- 5. THE NEW PHRENOLOGY • Brains = modular! • Dedicated bits for particular tasks!
- 6. SPECIFIC DAMAGE, SPECIFIC PROBLEMS • Can be very specific about where damage is in sensorimotor system!
- 7. TWO SIDES • Split brain patients! • Hemispheres are isolated!
- 8. TWO SIDES • Each hemisphere only sees! one picture! • “You shovel s**t with it”!
- 9. VISION • Seems like we just get a gestalt…!
- 10. VISION • Each one of those parts can fail individually and show the seams in the system! • Fun test of this – adapt just one eye to darkness at a time!
- 11. AKINETOPSIA • Also called “motion blindness”! • V5 area of visual cortex is damaged! • Movement no longer exists!
- 12. BLINDSIGHT • Two pathways for vision! • Patient has no conscious perception of sight, insists they are blind…! • …but can guess where objects are and reach for them way, way above chance!
- 13. VISUAL AGNOSIA • Fine visual acuity, no recognition!
- 14. VISUAL AGNOSIA • Can be for living things, ! non-living things, faces, ! numbers…! • Can be ridiculously specific!!
- 15. NOT JUST A VISION THING • Pure word-deafness! • Hearing in general is fine! • Reading, writing, speaking fine! • No comprehension of speech whatsoever!
- 16. HEMISPHERIC NEGLECT • Half the world ceases to exist!
- 17. HEMISPHERIC NEGLECT • Bilateral Extinction! • 1 + 1 = 1!
- 18. ALIEN HAND SYNDROME • Dr. Strangelove = not entirely fictional! • Loss of conscious awareness and control over a limb, so it gets a “mind of its own”!
- 19. KORSAKOFF’S SYNDROME • Thiamine deficiency leads to memory problems leads to wild confabulation! • “You wouldn’t believe how much that cost to have installed”!
- 20. CAN’T STOP WON’T STOP • Parkinson’s Disease = perseveration! • Wisconsin Card Sort Task! • PD patients can’t learn new rule!
- 21. TOO MUCH OF A GOOD THING • Parkinson’s Disease = not enough dopamine being produced! • Solution? Dopamine-producing drugs!! • Problem? Compulsive gambling!!
- 22. WHAT IS IT GOOD FOR?