Emotions, values, attitudes in conection with management

1. EMOTIONS
 Naveen Raj D.S

2. EMOTIONS
 Means ‘to move’.
 Emotion is a neural impulse that moves an
organism to action.
 Is a familiar part of our everyday life.
 It have 3 components
1. Cognitive component
2. Physiological component
3. Conative or Expressive component

3. Cognitive component
Includes the conscious experience of
emotions and the way we label our
emotions

4. Physiological component
 Includes emotional arousal.
 Different emotions have different
arousal

5. Conative or Expressive component
Includes body language (gaze,
gestures, posture and walk) and
para language (intonation, faked
smile vs. genuine smile)

6. EMOTIONS
 Hypothalamus and the limbic system of brain operate to
regulate emotional reactions.
 It is easiest to perceive the emotions of others correctly
if the stimulus context is known and if a common
culture is shared, though there are individual
differences in the ability to send and to receive
emotional messages

7. EMOTIONS
Emotions are usually aroused by
external stimuli and the emotional
expression is directed towards the
stimuli in the environment that
arouses it.

8. PRIMARY EMOTIONS
 Are those that we feel first, as a response
to a situation.
 They are our instinctive responses
 Sometimes they disappear as fast as they
appear

9. SECONDARY EMOTIONS
 Appear after primary emotions
 Caused directly by primary emotions
 Give a picture of the person’s mental
processing of the primary emotion

10. • Is a type of social intelligence
that involves the ability to
monitor one’s own and other’s
emotion to discriminate among
them and to use the information
to guide one’s thinking and
actions.
• Social intelligence is the ability
to understand and manage men
and women to act wisely in
human relations
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE

11. It is the ability to identify, use, understand, and
manage emotions in positive ways to relieve
stress, communicate effectively, empathize with
others, overcome challenges, and defuse
conflict.

12. Involves abilities that may be
categorized into 5 domains
1. Self awareness
2. Managing emotions
3. Motivating oneself
4. Empathy
5. Handling relationships

13. Selection
Emotions affect employee effectiveness.
Decision Making
Emotions are an important part of the decision-making
process in organizations.
Motivation
Emotional commitment to work and high motivation
are strongly linked.
Leadership
Emotions are important to acceptance of messages
from organizational leaders.
OB APPLICATIONS OF UNDERSTANDING
EMOTIONS

14. Interpersonal Conflict
Conflict in the workplace and individual emotions are
strongly intertwined.
Customer Services
Emotions affect service quality delivered to customers
which, in turn, affects customer relationships.
Deviant Workplace Behaviors
Negative emotions lead to employee deviance (actions that
violate norms and threaten the organization).
Productivity failures
Property theft and destruction
Political actions
Personal aggression
OB APPLICATIONS OF UNDERSTANDING
EMOTIONS

15. values
• Describes belief systems rather than
behavioural tendencies
• People don’t always act in ways consistent
with their values
• Values involve judgment because they
represent an individual’s ideas about what
is right, good, or desirable.
• Socio-psychologist Rokeach has defined
values as “global beliefs that guide actions
and judgements across a variety of
situations”.

16. Characteristics
of values
1. Part of culture
2. Learned Responses
3. Inculcated
4. Social Phenomenon
5. Gratifying responses
6. Adaptive process – either through dialectical
process or evolutionary process

17. TYPES OF VALUES
1. Allport’s Values Classification
2. Graves’s Classification
3. England’s Classification
4. Rokeach’s Classification

18. Allport’s Values Classification
Allport et al classified values into 6 categories
based on the orientation of people towards certain
things
1. Economic – attach importance to what is
useful
2. Theoretic – Try to discover truth
3. Political – Place great emphasis on power
4. Social – Attach importance to love and
affection and care for interest of others and
sympathetic
5. Aesthetic – put emphasis on artistic values
and harmony. May not be creative but have
love for these.
6. Religious – Attach more importance to unity

19. Graves’s Classification
Classified values into 5 categories
1. Existentialism – orientation of behaviour
congruent with existing realities
2. Conformistic – orientation towards
achievement of material beliefs through
control over physical resources
3. Sociocentric – orientation with getting people
4. Tribalistic – orientation towards safety by
submitting to power
5. Egocentric – orientation to survival and
power

20. ENGLAND’S Classification
Classified values into 2 categories
1. Pragmatic – One who take pragmatic view
of the situation. (Opts for concepts and
actions which appear to him as important
and successful irrespective of good or bad)
2. Moralist – One who is guided by the
ethical considerations of right or wrong,
just or unjust honest or dishonest

21. • Classified personal values into two sets of values
1. Terminal values - refers to desirable end-
states. These are the goals that a person would
like to achieve during his or her lifetime i.e.
what a person is ultimately striving to achieve.
2. Instrumental values - refers to preferable
modes of behaviour, or means of achieving the
terminal values. Individuals may differ in
respect of instrumental values for achieving
particular terminal value.

22. • A comfortable life (a prosperous life)
• An exciting life (a stimulating, active life)
• A sense of accomplishment (lasting contribution)
• A world at peace (free of war and conflict)
• A world of beauty (beauty of nature and the arts)
• Equality (brotherhood, equal opportunity for all)
• Family security (taking care of loved ones)
• Freedom (independence, free choice)
• Happiness (contentedness)
• Inner harmony (freedom from inner conflict)
TERMINAL VALUES

23. • Mature love (intimacy)
• National security (protection from attack)
• Pleasure (an enjoyable, leisurely life)
• Social recognition (respect, admiration)
• True friendship (close companionship)
• Wisdom (a mature understanding of life)
TERMINAL VALUES

24. Ambitious (hardworking, aspiring)
Broad-minded (open-minded)
Capable (competent, efficient)
Cheerful (light-hearted, joyful)
Clean (neat, tidy)
Courageous (standing up for your beliefs)
Forgiving (willing to pardon others)
Helpful (working for the welfare of others)
Honest (sincere, truthful)
INSTRUMENTAL VALUES

25. Imaginative (daring, creative)
Independent (self-reliant, self-sufficient)
Intellectual (intelligent, reflective)
Logical (consistent, rational)
Loving (affectionate, tender)
Obedient (dutiful, respectful)
Polite (courteous, well-mannered)
Responsible (dependable, reliable)
Self-controlled (restrained, self-disciplined)
INSTRUMENTAL VALUES

26. ATTITUDE
Attitude is the persistent tendency to feel and
behave in a favourable or unfavourable way
towards some object, person or ideas

27. One day Thomas Edison came home and gave a paper to his
mother. He told her, “My teacher gave this paper to me and told
me to only give it to my mother.”
His mother’s eyes were tearful as she read the letter out loud to
her child: Your son is a genius. This school is too small for him
and doesn’t have enough good teachers for training him. Please
teach him yourself.
After many, many years, after Edison’s mother died and he was
now one of the greatest inventors of the century, one day he was
looking through old family things. Suddenly he saw a folded
paper in the corner of a drawer in a desk. He took it and opened
it up.
On the paper was written: Your son is addled [mentally ill]. We
won’t let him come to school any more.
Edison cried for hours and then he wrote in his diary: “Thomas
Alva Edison was an addled child that, by a hero mother, became
the genius of the century.”
Thomas Edison

28. NATURE OF ATTITUDE
• An attitude exists in every person’s mind.
• It helps to define our identity, guide our actions,
and influence how we judge people.
• Although the feeling and belief components of
attitude are internal to a person, we can view a
person’s attitude from his or her resulting
behavior.
• Attitude helps us define how we see situations,
as well as define how we behave toward the
situation or object.
• Attitude provides us with internal cognitions or
beliefs and thoughts about people and objects.
• Attitude cause us to behave in a particular way
toward an object or person.