1. Planning Healthy and Sustainable Cities
Dr Peter Davey PhD

2. LOCATION
/ Australia
2

3. Brisbane
CRICOS Provider No: 00233E

4. Science Research at Griffith
Urban Research Program
Australia’s leading national centre for urban research, and aiming to become a
leading international centre, especially in Asia-Pacific region
Three main themes:
1. Sustainable Transport Research
2. Managing Metropolitan Growth
3. Urban Ecological Systems

5. Science Research at Griffith
Urban Research Program
Sustainable Transport Research
• Reducing urban greenhouse emissions
• Enhancing urban accessibility
• Energy security for public transport
• Oil vulnerability of households and businesses
• Green freight systems

6. Science Research at Griffith
Urban Research Program
Managing Metropolitan Growth
• Strategic metro-planning for sustainability
• Managing growth at the urban fringe
• Urban structure and energy use
• Sustainable urban water management

7. Science Research at Griffith
Urban Research Program
Urban Ecological Systems
• Reducing urban footprints
• Protecting urban biodiversity
• Conserving ‘environmental infrastructure’
• Transition to sustainable energy and water systems

8. Climate Change and Human Health
Climate change is a significant and emerging
threat to public and environmental health, and
changes the way we must look at protecting
vulnerable populations.
http://www.who.int/globalchange/climate/en/

9. Schematic framework of anthropogenic climate change
drivers, impacts and responses
Synthesis Report
2007
An Assessment of the
Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change
http://www.ipcc.ch/

10. Reduced food production in Australia

11. Impacts of Climate Change on Coastal Environments!!
• Increased rainfall-induced flooding
• Increased storm surge
• Overtopping of dune fields during
storms
• Dune breaching
• Modified coastal processes
particularly sediment transport
• Accelerated erosion due to higher
water levels and increased storm
intensity
• Large scale modification to coastal landforms
11

12. MDGs – GOAL
7: ENSURE ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY
http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/environ.shtml

13. United Nations Division for Sustainable Development
http://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/documents/agenda21/english/agenda21chapter7.htm

14. UN HABITAT - Environmental Planning and Management
http://www.unhabitat.org/content.asp?typeid=19&catid=271&cid=233

15. Los Angeles Healthy City
http://
Source: www.healthycity.org

16. Healthy Cities and urban governance
WHO Regional Office for Europe
http://www.euro.who.int/Healthy-cities

17. WHO Healthy Cities and Settings
Healthy marketplaces
Healthy workplaces
Healthy hospitals
Healthy communities
Health-promoting schools

18. The Alliance for Healthy Cities (AFHC)
A network of 150 cities in the Asia Pacific Region and other
stakeholders (NGOs, national coordinators, international
agencies, private sector and universities) established to:
Facilitate more effective communication and mutual support
among cities
Provide cities and other stakeholders with recognition of good
practices and innovative projects

19. Alliance for Healthy Cities
AFHC
Australian ‘Healthy Cities’ Chapter
Mayor Sandra McCarthy,
AC AFHC CHAIR
Kiama Council NSW Australia
Dr Peter Davey,
AC AFHC Secretariat
Queensland Australia
Ph: +61 408887651

20. Australian Chapter Membership
Townsville City Council
Northern
Territory
Queensland
Western Australia
Logan City Council
Griffith University
South Australia Gold Coast City Council
New South Wales
Healthy City Illawarra
Kiama Municipal
Flinders University
Victoria
l
Marian Council
Deakin University
Onkaparinga Council
City of Casey
Tasmania Norlane Housing
Currently: 12 members in 2011

21. AFHC QUEENSLAND NETWORK
HEALTHY CITY APPROACH
PHP
18 Cities

22. 7. Plan Implementation Monitoring, Review and Evaluation –
Interagency Implementation Committee
6. Refining Strategies, Writing the Draft Plan, Draft Plan for Community and
Agency Comment
Agency Commitment
Council Endorsement of Plan
5. Developing Strategies for each theme
by Intersectoral Theme Working Parties
4. Selecting Priority Issues for Action
Theme identification and finetuning of priorities by
Intersectoral Theme Working Parties
3. Assessing Community Health Needs
(Lifestyle Profile, Service Providers Gap Analyses and Community Focus Groups)
2. Setting up a structure for managing the project
Formation of Consultative Committee, Visioning
1. Doing the Groundwork - Awareness raising and gaining political and agency commitment
Seven Steps to the Development, Implementation and
Evaluation of Healthy City Community Lifestyle Plan

23. Agencies work together on the “PLATFORM”
The Healthy Cities „Community Plan‟ is a mechanism to manage
local and regional partnerships
• Building Partnership • Joint grant writing
• Networking • Information exchange
• Benchmarking and Monitoring
• Problem solving
THE PLATFORM APPROACH
“All agencies on the same track”

24. We invite you to join us in
Brisbane Australia
for the
5th Global Alliance for Healthy Cities Conference
24-27 October 2012
See
www.afhcglobalconference.org

25. AUSTRALIA – 23 million people
3 LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT
Health in All Policies
Australian Government Healthy
Communities :

26. HEALTHY SPACES
HEALTHY PLACES

27. Healthy Spaces Healthy Places
The environment we live in today have a big
influence on how active we are…
Incorporate active living principles into the
built environment.
Aims to promote the on-going development
and improvement of built environments where
Australian live, work and play.
See www.healthyplaces.org.au

28. Queensland Government:
High Level Political Planning in
ENV and HEALTH and TRANSPORT
Regional Infrastructure Planning

29. Toward Q2020
Tomorrow's Queensland
STRONG GREEN SMART HEALTHY FAIR

30. The Queensland Government has
framed its 2020 vision for
Queensland around five ambitions
that address current and future
challenges
Tomorrow's Queensland
Toward Q2
1. Strong economy
2. Green education
environment
3. Smart Queenslanders
4. Healthy
5. Fair communities

31. Strong Queensland targets
Target 1:
Queensland is Australia's strongest
economy, with infrastructure that
anticipates growth.
Target 2:
50% increase in proportion of
Queensland businesses that undertake
research and development or innovation
Green Queensland targets
Target 1:
Cut Queenslanders' carbon footprint
by one third with reduced car and
electricity use.
Target 2:
Protect 50% more land for nature
conservation and public recreation.

32. Smart Queensland targets
Target 1:
All children have access to a
quality early childhood
education, so they are ready for
school.
Target 2:
Three out of four
Queenslanders will hold
trade, training or tertiary
qualifications
Healthy Queensland targets
Target 1:
Shortest public hospital waiting
times in Australia.
Target 2:
Cut obesity, smoking, heavy
drinking and unsafe sun exposure
by one third.

33. Fair Queensland targets
Target 1:
Halve the proportion of Queensland
children living in a household without a
working parent.
Target 2:
Increase by 50% the proportion of
Queenslanders involved in their
communities as volunteers.

34. Regional Policies
1. Sustainability
2. Natural environment
3. Regional landscape
4. Natural resources
5. Rural futures
6. Strong communities
7. Engaging Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander
peoples
8. Urban development
9. Economic development
10.Infrastructure
11.Water management
12.Integrated transport

35. EXAMPLES of AUSTRALIAN
HEALTHY CITIES

36. THE SUSTAINABLE COMMUNTY
PLANNING APPROACH
Guiding Principles
The ‘guiding principles‟ of the Healthy Cities Framework
Collaboration
Participation
Equity
Socio-ecological health

37. Benefits of a sustainable community
have been identified as:
Viability (remaining within ecological limits);
Conviviality (people living well together);
Adequate prosperity (consuming less but with sufficiency and
creative alternatives to economic production);
Liveability (natural and built environments for public and
environmental health and easy living);
Sustainability (sufficient development without threatening viability);
Equity (equal opportunity for the development of human potential).

38. Many Examples of Global and Local Planning asking…
What do we need to do more of or
do differently to achieve the best
future for the City or Community?
Healthy cities has a focus on environmental health risks, lifestyle and well-being
issues…

39. EXAMPLES of AUSTRALIAN
HEALTHY CITIES

40. Townsville Healthy City – Industrial City 200,000 residents
Townsville. Queensland. Australia.

41. Townsville…Vibrant Tropical City
• Largest City in Northern Australia
• Regional Population of approximately
150,000
• Strong Links with the Asia Pacific
Region
• Healthy City

42. Contexts of Health
Adequately
Prosperous
Economy
Equitable Sustainable
Healthy and Sustainable
Human Development
Convivial
Community Viable
Liveable Environment

43. Townsville… By Design
Townsville has been designed to encourage Healthy Lifestyles

44. Townsville… By Design

47. http://www.townsvillesolarcity.com.au/TownsvilleSolarCity/ProjectOverview/tabid/64/Default.aspx

48. EXAMPLES of AUSTRALIAN
HEALTHY CITIES

49. CASE STUDY: Logan Public Health Plan
Facilitating
Healthy
Partnerships
Website:
www.logan.qld.gov.au

51. Logan‟s Healthy Initiatives
-Healthy Eating and Physical Activities
-Disaster Management Planning
-Safe Cities
-Sharps Management program
-Active Logan Programs
-Bike ways
-Parks and playgrounds
-Arts & Cultural activities
-Healthy Workplace setting
-Health Coalition Logan-Beaudesert

52. © 2004
Thurs 16 November 2006
Live „Vegeman‟ appearance Damn Edna Character
Go for 2 Fruit and 5 Vegetable for Good Health

53. EXAMPLES of AUSTRALIAN
HEALTHY CITIES

54. Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

55. CRICOS Provider No: 00233E

56. Active and Healthy City
Our role
• Service provider
• Community leader
• Partner
• Facilitator
• Funder
Council programs
• Community Life
• Environment and Parks
• Pollution Prevention
• Organisational Capability
An active and healthy city provides
people with opportunities to pursue
healthy leisure time activities that
suit their age, interests and physical
abilities

57. Public transport
A compact and walkable region
Reliable and user friendly public transport system
including river ferries and City
Cats, buses, trains and taxis
New CityCycle program launched October 2010

58. Citybe a thing gas buses
could
Councils
of the past. City Councils
cleaner and
The trial hopes to reduce
greenhouse gas emissions greener GAS
but will be a taste tempter too. buses
Virginia depot will play host
to 25 bio-diesel run council
buses beginning this week.
Thecarbon dioxide and cut
down
trial will attempt to
sulphur dioxide emissions by
at least 80 per cent.

59. EXAMPLES of AUSTRALIAN
HEALTHY CITIES

60. Liveable Cassowary Coast Whole of Community Plan
2020 60

61. Strong Green and Social and
Community
Economic Sustainable Cultural
Leadership
Development Environment Wellbeing
Community
Innovative Economic Green and Wellbeing and Social
Development Sustainable (Natural Infrastructure Leadership and
Employment and and Built Governance
Tourism environments) Community Spirit
and Belonging
Getting around in the
tropics
Objectives and Objectives and
Strategies Strategies Objectives and
Objectives and Strategies
Strategies
Liveable Cassowary Coast Whole of Community Plan
2020 61

62. EXAMPLES of AUSTRALIAN
HEALTHY CITIES

63. CASE STUDY
Gold Coast City has a Bold Future
Exercise
Show Bold Futures CD
Open Discussion community priority health and
environmental issues

65. Our Bold Future Vision sets out our ambitions to inspire the
city’s leaders and the community to achieve
social, environmental and economic sustainability into the
future. Bold Future will evolve as we continue on the
journey. The Bold Future vision comprises six themes (key
areas of focus) that frame an overarching vision statement.
Source: http://www.boldfuture.com.au/

66. EMERGING GREEN ISSUES
TOWARDS MAKING
CITIES LIVEABLE

67. Green Cities 09 - Australia
http://www.gbca.org.au/media-centre/media-releases/green-thinking-from-green-cities-09/2081.htm

68. Creating Ecocities...

70. Green Cities is not a new concept - Older Cities have
a green design... Honolulu, Calgary, Montreal
Honolulu – US - Among American cities, Honolulu tops the list of the least polluted
cities. The industries situated in this region are very light and non-polluting. An excellent
bus transit system, has reduced the exhaust and traffic fume levels. The proximity to the
ocean also adds to the clean air and healthy environment.

71. Helsinki – Finland A fairly large city, Helsinki, the capital of
Finland, is the least polluted city in Europe. The citizens of the city
take much pride in keeping the city clean and pollution free.
Their light rail commuter system is very popular, and the use of cars
and other vehicles is limited.
Stockholm About 5% of the cars present in Stockholm are
hybrid versions. The city also has very little heavy industry in or
around it. Like in all other green cities, the public transportation
systems are clean and efficient.
Zurich is known as the city with multiple public transport systems which make a good choice
to private cars. This reduces many polluting vehicles on the road.
Katsuyama With a population of only 30,000
and a total areaof only 253.68 sq. km, Katsuyamas‟ tourism
Being its major income, there is a great amount
of effort being made to keep the city green.
Brisbane is a modern city and a a liveable city.

74. GREEN DESIGN but still ROADS and
TRAFFIC and Air Pollution ???

76. The „Green Mega City‟ Design Challenge !!!

77. Ecovillages Case Study

79. Definitions and Concepts
Design elements of Ecovillages
....passive house, rainwater
utilisation, insulation, house design for
efficient heating and cooling etc

80. HEALTHY CITIES and ECOVILLAGES
DEFINITIONS...
Ecovillages are intentional communities with the goal of becoming
more socially, economically and ecologically sustainable.
Some aim for a population of 50–150 individuals.
Larger ecovillages of up to 2,000 individuals exist as networks of
smaller sub-communities to create an ecovillage model that allows for
social networks within a broader foundation of support.
Certain ecovillages have grown by
the nearby addition of others, not
necessarily members, settling on the
periphery of the ecovillage and
effectively participating in the
ecovillage
community.

82. Ecovillage members are united by shared ecological, social-economic and
cultural-spiritual values.
An ecovillage is often composed of people who have chosen an alternative to
centralized electrical, water, and sewage systems.
Many see the breakdown of traditional forms of community, wasteful
consumerist lifestyles, the destruction of natural habitat, urban sprawl,
factory farming, and over-reliance on fossil fuels, as trends that must be
changed to avert ecological disaster.
They see small-scale communities with minimal ecological impact as
an alternative.
However, such communities often cooperate with peer villages in networks
of their own (see Global Ecovillage Network).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecovillage

84. The Ecovillage achieves:
Preservation of natural landforms and rehabilitation of the
degraded site‟s environmental integrity
Extensive wildlife corridors, negligible vegetation loss and
extensive native plant regeneration
Food and material self-sufficiency through edible
landscaping and streetscaping, household farming and
other productive strategies

86. The Ecovillage at Currumbin...
Self-sufficiency in energy usage
complete autonomy in water
waste water recycling
The Ecovillage is a Queensland Govt Energywise and Waterwise Demonstration Project
and involves significant partnership with community universities, industry and various tiers
of government. The Ecovillage has won 21 Awards from Industry and Government.

87. In passive solar building design, windows, walls, and
floors are made to collect, store, and distribute solar
energy in the form of heat in the winter and reject solar
heat in the summer.
This is called passive solar design or climatic design because, unlike active
solar heating systems, it doesn't involve the use of mechanical and
electrical devices.

88. http://aussieinsulations.rtrk.com.au/?scid=37841&kw=1190381:2487

89. Solar power connected to the electricity grid
In a grid-connect system, electricity is received from both the
solar panels and the utility grid. Surplus electricity from the solar
panels is exported to the utility grid and `bought back' when
required. Thereby reducing your carbon footprint and your
electricity bills immediately.
Queensland Government Solar Bonus Scheme - Feed in Tariff
The Queensland Government Solar Bonus Scheme pays households
for the surplus electricity generated by their solar photovoltaic (PV)
systems that is exported to the Queensland electricity grid.
Customers participating in the scheme will be paid a Feed in Tariff @ 44 cents per kilowatt hour (kWh) for surplus electricity fed into the grid—around three times the current general
domestic use tariff of 16.29c/kWh (inc GST as at 1 July 2008).

90. http://bushmantanks.rtrk.com.au/?scid=29541&kw=3410585:2487

92. Construction began this week on the Recycling Centre – the
community building that will be one of the most important
centres in the village.

93. Ecoliving...Food producing streetscaping
Food is grown locally in the streets and in the landscaping throughout the village
providing opportunities to pick your own fruit and vegetables not only in your
own backyard but throughout the entire site!
Local people and groups forming ...
The Ecovillage Earthcarers Group (EVE)
meet regularly to plant, weed and attend
to maintenance of open space areas.
Ecoliving includes ideas of growing,
harvesting and creating resources.

94. Case Study
Brisbane City Governments
„Green Heart‟ Programs

95. http://www.brisbane.qld.gov.au/bccwr/_assets/main/lib820/greenheartplan_partfive_business&council.pdf

97. Summary of Sustainable City
Planning and Evaluation

98. A planet of smarter
cities and communities…
„This unprecedented urbanisation is both an emblem of our
economic and societal progress and a huge strain on the
planets infrastructure‟
Now with over two-thirds of our population living in
capital cities, and the other one-third in regional and
rural areas?
We need to work ‘with’ our Cities, regional and rural
communities and continue to plan communities

99. 20 year Liveability Planning Implementation
Management Model
Dimension Dimension Dimension
Platform
Governance Foundation Implement
G
A
High Level ORGANISATIONAL CONTEXT P
Planning S
PARTNERSHIP
PLATFORM & O
U
D T
20 Year
• HEALTHY ALLIANCES U C
Vision
Liveable Cities - • STRATEGIC P O
MANAGEMENT M
Green L
• EVALUATION
I E
Health Advisory Committee • CAPACITY BUILDING
C S
Comm/State/ Regional • WEBSITE
Plans • ACTIONING OF A
STRATEGIES T
• Eg ECOCITIES and I
ECOVILLAGES
O
Town Planning Acts -
IPA
TERMS OF REFERENCE • Green Buildings
N
Regulations
Council Strategies
Project Team
Davey, 2006

100. Liveability Planning: Quality Evaluation Framework
Towards Integrated
Community Planning…
Improving People
Skills Development
Role Definition
Levels of Participation
PLANNING
PLANNING IMPLEMENTATION Political Support
PROCESS OUTPUTS
Improving Organisations
Have the aims CP Impacts on Organisations and Structural Change
Individuals
and main Governance
elements of CP Impacts on Communities Partnerships
the CP Project Investment in Implementation
been
achieved? Improving Planning
Liveability and Sustainability
Planning Components
Legitimacy
Linkages
Liveability Outcomes… The Framework can directly address measurement of health and
environment gains. Over time the priority strategies of the LP that are implemented in
communities will contribute along with other factors and lead to improved economic, social
and cultural lifestyle and make liveable communities.

101. Conclusion
Local Universities can assist with
research into making cities
liveable and move towards a
sustainable society…

102. Areas of Strategic Investment
> Asian politics, trade and development
> Criminology and crime prevention
> Water science
> Drug discovery and infectious diseases
> Health and chronic diseases
> Climate change adaptation and public health
> Sustainable tourism
> Regional and Local Community Planning

103. Postgraduate Coursework
• Master of Environment – Env Protection 1 yr duration; tuition fee AUD$22,000 (total)
• Master of Urban & Environmental Planning – 1.5yrs duration; tuition fee AUD$33,000
• Master of Health Services Management – 1 yr duration; tuition fee AUD$17,120 (total)
• Master of Science in Public Health (International) – 1 yr duration; tuition fee AUD$23,040 (total)
• Master of Human Services – 1 yr duration; tuition fee AUD$20,960 (total)
• Master of Social Work – 2 yrs duration; tuition fee AUD$45,850 (total)
• Master of Organisational/Clinical Psychology – 2 years duration; tuition fee AUD48,000 (total)
• Master of Criminology & Criminal Justice – 1 yr duration; tuition fee AUD$19,040 (total)
• Master of Training & Development – 1 yr duration; tuition fee AUD$17,280 (total)

104. Questions?
www.griffith.edu.au
Dr Peter Davey PhD
Secretary Australian Chapter Alliance For Healthy Cities
Griffith School of Environment, Brisbane, Australia
Peter.Davey@griffith.edu.au