1. Internal commands
Built-in the file called command.com. So the command.com file works as an interpreter as
well as contains all the internal commands.
e.g. Date, Time, Cls, Dir etc....
Date:
To display the system date and allows the user to change the system date.
mm-dd-yy(month,date and year in 2 digits)
ex:
c:date
current date is:10-23-11
enter new date :
Time:
=> To display the system time and allowes the user to change the system time.
The format is
hh:mm:ss:ms a/p(hours:minutes:seconds:microseconds am/pm)
ex:
c:time
current time is: 7:00:05.50p
enter new time:
Clearscreen:
To clear the content or text in the screen cls command is used.
ex:
c:cls
2. Directory:
we can display the list of all the files using dir command. dir is nothing to display all
the files and sub-directories.
c:dir
example
dir/p => it will continue with the next set of files after any key is
pressed.
dir/w => it will be display in coloumn wise
dir/on ----- the files are sorted according to the name of files,in ascending
order
dir/o-n ------ desending order
dir/oe --- files are sorted according to the extension of file.
dir/od --- files are sorted according to the date &time of creation.recently
created file will come first.
dir/os--- files are sorted according to the size of file.smallest file will come first
dir/o-s ----- files are sorted according to the size of file.largest file will come
first
dir/l --- file names are displayed in lower case letters.
dir/b --- bare output. only file names
3. dir/s --- display all the files and subdirectories recursively.
Wild card symbols
* refers muliple character.
? refers to a single character.
example
dir a*.* ==> display all the files with "a" and can have any extension.
dir *.txt ==> display all the files with extension .txt.
md:-(make directory)
we can create subdirectory into the main directory or into some other dirctory.
cd(change directory)
we can change the current working directory to some other directory.
example
c:>md projects
c:>cd projects
c:projects>
copy con
This command is used to create a new file.whetever we have typed into the
terminal is copied into the file name we have specified.
ex:
c:copy con myfile
I want to learn MS DOS
^z
1 file(s) copied
Type
The type command is used to display all the contents of a file that has been already
created
4. ex:
c:projects>type myfile
I want to learn MS DOS
delete
If you want to delete or erase a file we can use delete or erase command.
ex:
c:>del projects
copy
We can copy the text of a file into another.like a carbon copy of a document we
can make duplication copy.
syntax:
copy old file name new file name
example
c:copy myfile newfile
rename
we can rename the existing file using the rename or ren command.
syntax:
ren old file name new file name
example
c:ren myfile file1
LABEL & VOL:
You can change the volume label by using 'LABEL' this command. VOL command
displays the current volume name and serial number.
>label
5. Deleting directory / folder
To remove a directory, it should be empty.
syntax
RD[Path]<Directory name>
example: c:rd myfolder
Read more: http://www.livetolearn.in/site/book/ms-dos/basic-commands#ixzz28JBHACIe
