1. PRESENTED BY
BAGWAN NADIM M.
F.Y. M.TECH. AUTOMOBILE
UNDER GUIDANCE OF
PROF. S. T. SATPUTE
DEPARTMENT
OF
AUTOMOBILE
ENGINEERING

2.  Introduction
 Literature review
 Norms for NOx emissions
 NOx control technologies
 Case study
 Conclusion
 References

3.  Emission elements
 NOx emissions
 Why to control NOx emissions
 Environmental effects
 Human health and NOx emissions

6. AUTHOR TITLE OF PAPER/
DESCRIPTION
REMARK
Berit Fostas et al.
[3]
Effect of NOx in the
flue gas degradation
1. analyzed the
results through the
Aminox Test Rig
2. Ammonia and
organic acids
(formic, acetic and
oxalic) are the
main degradation
products observed
3. overall degradation
rate of MEA was
accelerated when
NOx impurities
were present in
the gas

7. AUTHOR TITLE/ DESCRIPTION REMARK
Deshai Notheju
et al.
The use of amine
reclaimer wastes as
a NOx reduction
agent
1. conducted experiments to
use amine reclaimer waste as
NOx reduction agent.
2. carried out in a laboratory
pilot scale test facility,
investigated the possibility of
using ARW.
3. A wide range of
temperatures and
stoichiometric ratios were
tested.
4. monoethanolamine (MEA) as
the absorbent.

8. AUTHOR TITLE/
DESCRIPTION
REMARK
Bambang Wahono
et al.
Diesel engine
optimization
control methods
for reduction of
exhaust emissions
and fuel
consumption.
1. conducted experiments
on single cylinder diesel
engine for emission
reductions and fuel
consumption
2. fuel efficiency and
emission reductions are
the two consistent
drivers for diesel engine
development.
3. Optimization techniques
are required to utilize
these methods in finding
optimal engine operating
conditions

9. AUTHOR TITLE/ DESCRIPTION REMARK
D. Kartikeyan
and C. G.
Saravanam
Experimental
analysis of Flyash
based ion exchanged
Fe, Cu and V-X
Zeolite catalysts for
SI engine exhaust
emission control.
1. conventional three-way
catalytic converter used in
gasoline engines, controls
effectively the levels of CO
and HC, but it displays poor
conversion in harmful NOx
emission.
2. fly ash which is relatively
abundant and inexpensive
has been used as a
replacement for expensive
materials.

10.  Various norms for each country like US
Standards, Euro standards, BS norms
 Euro Norms
 BS norms

16.  Reducing peak temperature (like FGR, LNB,
LEA, Air staging)
 Reducing residence time at peak
temperature (Inject air or fuel or steam)
 Chemical reduction of Nox (like FR, SCR and
SNCR)
 Oxidation of NOx with subsequent
absorption(NTPR, inject oxidents)
 Removal of nitrogen Using a sorbent (ultra
low nitrogen fuel, supply oxygen instead of
air)
 Engine optimization method

17.  Engine optimization method
 Catalyst converter using Flyash based
catalyst

18.  Engine specifications:
Bore * stroke: 78 mm * 80 mm
Top clearance: 0.98 mm
Compr. Ratio: 21.4
Cylinder capacity: 0.382 L
 Particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique
 Basic PSO algorithm

23.  Introduction
 Catalyst preperation
 Engine used for experiment:
Maruti omni engine (4 stroke SI engine)
no. of cylinders: 3
Displacement vol.- 796 cc
Rated speed: 2500 rpm

24. Compound Percentage (mass)
SiO2 52.54
Al2 O3 26.74
Fe2 O3 11.12
CaO 1.28
Na2 O 0.47
K2 O 0.82
TiO2 1.57
MgO 0.87

27.  The optimal control input parameters
obtained by PSO were tested and analyzed.
The result proved that the PSO is an
effective method for engine optimization
problem.
 It shows that the predictive accuracy by
stepwise method considering
multicollinearity is high.

28.  The In-house made metal zeolite catalysts
performs better than that of commercial 13-
X zeolite catalysts.
 The Cu-Zeolite catalyst showed the best low
temperature NOx reduction performance,
while the Fezeolite catalyst provided the
best high temperature NOx conversion.

29.  Saroj Kumar Sahu, Gufran Beig and Neha Parkhi, “Emerging
pattern of anthropogenic NOx emissions over Indian subcontinent
during 1990’s and 2000’s”, Atmospheric Pollution Research, p.p.
262-269, 2012.
 David C. Carslaw and Glyn Rhys-Tyler, “New insights from
comprehensive on road measurement of NOx, NO2 and NH3 from
vehicle emission remote sensing in London, UK”, Elsevier
Publication, p.p. 339-347, 2013.
 Berit Fostas, Audun Gangstad, Bjarne Nenster, Steinar Pedersen,
Merethe Sjvoll and Anne Lise Sorensen, “ Effect of NOx in the
flue gas degradation of MEA”, Elsevier Publication, p.p. 1566-
1573, 2011.
 Deshai Notheju, Peter Glarborg and Lars-Andre Tokheim, “The
use of amine reclaimer wastes as a NOx reduction agent”, Elsevier
Publication, p.p. 691-700, 2013.

30.  M. De las Obras-Loscertales, A. Rufas, L. F. De Diego and A.
Abad, “ Effects of temperature and flue gas recycle on the SO2
and NOx emissions in an oxy-fuel fluidized bed combustor”,
Elsevier Publication, p.p. 1275-1282.
 Xuebin Wang, Zhongfa Hu, Shuanghui Deng and Xiong
Houzhang Tan, “ Effect of biomass/coal firing and air staging on
NOx emissions and combustion efficiency in a drop tubefurnace”,
Elsevier Publication, p.p. 2331-2334, 2014.
 Lifang Guo, Youju Shu and Jummin Gao, “ Present and future
development of flue gas control technology of DeNOx in the
world”, Elsevier Publication, p.p. 397-403, 2013.
 A. D. Srinivasan and K. Chandrashekara, “ NOx Emission control
in bio diesel”, IEEE publication, 2013.

31.  Isabelle Liemans, Bruno Alban, Jean-Pierre Tranier and
Diane Thomas, “ SOx and NOx absorption based removal
into acidic conditions for the flue gas treatment in oxy-fuel
combustion”, Elsevier Publication, p.p. 2847-2854, 2011.
 Mette Bugge, Oyvind Skreiberg and Morten Seljeskog, “
Predictiong NOx emissions from wood stoves using detailed
chemistry and CFD”, Elsevier Publication, p.p. 1740-1745,
2015.
 Bambang Wahono, Harutoshi Ogai, Jin Kusaka and
Yasumasa Suzuki, “ Diesel engine optimization control
methods for reduction of exhaust emissions and fuel
consumption”, IEEE Publication, p.p. 722-727, 2012.
 D. Kartikeyan and C. G. Saravanam, “Experimental analysis
of Flyash based ion exchanged Fe, Cu and V-X Zeolite
catalysts for SI engine exhaust emission control”, IEEE
Publication, p.p. 657-660, 2013.