The document discusses the growth of small satellites or smallsats, including NewSpace constellations. Over 3,600 smallsats are expected to be launched between 2016 and 2025 for applications like Earth observation, technology demonstration, satellite communications, science, and space situational awareness. The value of the smallsat market is estimated to reach $22 billion during this period, driven largely by planned constellations like OneWeb. New dedicated smallsat manufacturers are entering the market to provide flexible and lower-cost satellite solutions to support the growing demand.

1. NewSpace Constellations
Expanding the Satellite Ecosystem
Martin Jarrold
Chief, International Programme Development
GVF
Abuja, 11th July 2017
www.gvf.org

2. Who Are We?
GVF is the single and unified voice of the global satellite industry
 Founded in 1997, it brings together organisations engaged in the delivery of advanced
broadband and narrowband satellite services to consumers, and commercial and government
enterprises worldwide. Now encompassing NewSpace (i.e., Earth Observation).
 Headquartered in London, GVF is an independent, non-partisan and non-profit
organisation with 200+ members from more than 100 countries.
 The broad-based membership represents every major world region and every sector of
the satellite industry, including fixed and mobile satellite operators, satellite network
operators, teleports, satellite earth station manufacturers, system integrators, value added
and enhanced service providers, telecom carriers, consultants, law firms, and users.
GVF Full Members
2

3. What Do We Do?... Who Do We Do It With?
3

4. Growing the Converging Satellite Ecosystem

5. Today satellites already provide:
 Mobile backhaul
 Push data services
 Linear & non-linear TV
 Converged media
 Broadband services
 Many M2M services
 Plus…
By 2020-2025
Over 100 High Throughput
Satellite (HTS) in orbit
delivering Terabits of
Connectivity across the
world using Ku & Ka bands
Satellites provide high-level cyber-resilience
The GEO Satellite Ecosystem… Accelerated Growth

6. High Throughput Satellites & Smarter Terminals
Ground terminals playing their role and
adapting to new market requirements.
Modems evolving from handling a couple of
megabits per second (Mbps) to hundreds of
Mbps, ground terminals are improving
efficiencies in terms of Mbps per MHz
CAPEX at reduced levels, performing traffic
optimisation, optimally supporting “bursty”
traffic & allowing bandwidth pooling,
supporting security applications and
encryption, and optimising media traffic.
-
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
USD
Population Density(people/sq. km)
TCO for Different Backhaul Technologies
Satellite Capacity 1,000 USD/Mbps/Month Satellite Capacity 500 USD/Mbps/Month
Satellite Capacity 100 USD/Mbps/Month Ground Microwave
Source: NSR
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Units
Backhaul Global CPE Shipments
NAM LAM WEU CEEU MENA SSA ASIA
Source: NSR

7. HTS – the LEO Constellations
… together with many other filings

8. LeoSat – a new architecture for data
8
Global Constellation of up to 108 Satellites
LEO altitude of 1400 km
Optical Inter-Satellite Links (ISLs) and
onboard processing and networking create a
gateway independent Laser Backbone in Space
Customer access in Ka-band

9. Closer to Earth, Lower Latencies – LeoSat as an example
Latency
LeoSat ≈ 19ms (1,400 km)
MEO ≈ 108ms (8,000 km)
GEO ≈ 478ms (36,000 km)
LEOSAT
GEO HTS
LEO
1,400 km
MEO
8,000 km
GEO
36,000 km
MEO HTS
LeoSat is…
25 x closer to earth than GEOs
5 x closer to earth than MEOs
* RTT - Round Trip Time at boresight

10. Smarter Terminals – Phased Array Flat Panel Antennas
10
Both conventional parabolic tracking antennas as well as low-cost, electronically-
steered phased array flat panel antennas (FPAs) can be used.
FPAs will accelerate customer adoption due to ease and cost of installation,
location flexibility and reduced maintenance
Phasor is one FPA solution; several other companies are making rapid
advancements
Conventional Parabolic Tracking Antennas
A Phasor Electronically Steered Flat Panel
Phased Array Antenna

11. Iridium NEXT generation mobile (MSS) voice and data satellite communications
11
January 14th 2017 – 10 Iridium NEXT satellites
launched to LEO
June 25th 2017 – 10 more Iridium NEXT satellites to
LEO
Series of 8 launches – SpaceX delivering 75 Iridium
NEXT satellites to LEO, with 66 making up the
operational constellation
LEO altitude of 780 km
End-to-end IP technology
Additional bandwidth capability - more flexibility
Incorporation of Earth imaging and other secondary payloads
Ability to provide data links to other space based payloads

12. NewSpace - The Nanosatellite Solution
Clyde Space Commercial in ConfidenceCopyright © 2017 Clyde Space Ltd. All rights reserved.
Under 500kg = small satellites
under 100kg = microsatellite
under 10 kg = nanosatellite
under 1kg = picosatellite
CubeSat technology = standardised, cheap nanosatellite,
making it easier for anyone to launch a satellite. They are
10 centimetre cubes weighing slightly more than 1kg

13. Gravimetric measurements from Space

14. Methane detection

15. Future technology

16. Predictive Maintenance Remote Monitoring Fault Detection

17. SMALLSAT SYMPOSIUM 2017
Euroconsult Internal | Confidential
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
3,600+ SMALLSATS EXPECTED TO BE LAUNCHED
• Over 2/3 are part of a wider constellation
• 61% are <10kg, mainly EO solutions
• In the 51-250 kg category, 75% are related to
the initial rollout of OneWeb
MARKET VALUE EQUATES TO $22 BILLION
(MANU AND LAUNCH)
• Up from $12.5 billion in last decade; does not
reflect the 4x plus increase in the number of
satellites with more cubesats launched
THE NEXT DECADE OF SMALLSATS
BY NUMBER OF SATELLITES*
BY MARKET VALUE*
$inmillion
#satellites
OneWeb
impact
OneWeb
impact
SMALLSAT LAUNCHES BY MASS 2016-2025
3,600+
UNITS <10 kg
(61%)
10-50 kg
(13%)
250-500 kg
(2%)
50-250 kg
(24%)
DISCOUNTS SPACEX STEAM*

18. SMALLSAT SYMPOSIUM 2017
Euroconsult Internal | Confidential
EO SATELLITE LAUNCHES TO DOMINATE
• Application focus shifts from tech demos
to operational usage
• Over half of all units expected to serve
applications
EO TO REPRESENT >50% MARKET VALUE
• Proportionality, the number of satellites
and market value by application are
roughly equal percentages.
• Surprising for EO which is expecting
significant cubesat launches. Accounted for
by larger, more complex government EO
missions being mixed with the
expanding commercial supply.
• Higher-cost applications, such as Science
& Exploration, maintain higher value to
support one-off mission R&D
SATELLITES LAUNCHED BY APPLICATION
TWO DECADES OF SMALLSATS: BY APPLICATION
2006-2015
$12.5
BILLION
2016-2025
$22
BILLION
EO
(54%)
Tech.
(15%)
Satcom
(15%)
Science
(15%)
SSA
(1%)
EO
(40%)
Tech.
(23%)
Satcom
(9%)
Science
(21%)
SSA
(7%)
2006-2015
780
UNITS
2016-2025
3,600+
UNITS
EO
(33%)
Tech.
(44%)
Satcom
(13%)
Science
(8%)
SSA
(2%)
EO
(56%)
Tech.
(16%)
Satcom
(22%)
Science
(5%)
SSA
(<1%)

19. SMALLSAT SYMPOSIUM 2017
Euroconsult Internal | Confidential
EXPANSION IN COMMERCIAL SUPPLY
Operational Satellites
Based on Future Launches
0
50
100
150
200
2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016F 2018F 2020F 2022F 2024F
#satellites
OPTICAL & SAR SATELLITE
UNITS AS PART OF A
CONSTELLATION
SAR
OPTICAL
Operational satellites (>50kg)
based on anticipated lifespans
* Commercial refers to commercially operated and commercial data availability from government
satellites with data <2.5m optical or <5m SAR
Launched and
in Operation

20. SMALLSAT SYMPOSIUM 2017
Euroconsult Internal | Confidential
GREATER DISPERSION IN EO SATELLITE MASS
• Over 2,100 EO smallsats will be launched between
2016 and 2025. The majority (75%) of these are
<10 kg, and launched in constellation.
• However, they contribute a mere 5% ($603
million) of the total market value. More value in
one-off government missions at higher mass
NEXT DECADE OF SMALLSAT EO LAUNCHES: 2016-2025
$11.9
BILLION
<10 kg
(5%)
10-50 kg
(43%)
251-500 kg
(30%)
51-250 kg
(22%)
<10 kg
(75%)
10-50 kg
(18%)
50-250 kg
(5%)
251-500 kg
(2%)
2016-2025
2,100+
UNITS
12
150+
39
PROFILES OF EARTH OBSERVATION CONSTELLATIONS
(NON EXHAUSTIVE)
Planet Labs 147
Spire
1000+
4
2
18
UrtheCast
96
10-50 kg
BlackSky
16
260<10 kg
Corvus 2 8
Satellogic
Hera Systems
PlanetIQ
51-250 kg
Terra Bella 25
OmniEarth
EO CONSTELLATION APPROACH
• Reduced latency, towards near real-time data
• Smallsats being less stable, simpler platforms
can compromise geolocation accuracy. But,
lower-cost approach means operators can price
competitively.
• Advances in IT allow for post-processing
improvements in image accuracy: Greater
emphasis to the ground segment.
• Multiple constellations put forward, but significant
further investment still required
EARTH OBSERVATION SMALLSAT LAUNCHES

21. SMALLSAT SYMPOSIUM 2017
Euroconsult Internal | Confidential
EO COMMERCIAL DATA PRICING
GROWING PRICE COMPETITION
• Current prices for EO data range from
free to over $100/km2: Ranges due to
GSD, spectral res., geolocation
accuracy
• … 1m optical data can be acquired for
$5/km2 if there’s compromise on
accuracy.
• With competition prices are
expected to fall at a faster rate than
current: 3-5%/year
• New lower-cost solutions expected to
challenge on price, albeit if challenged
by platform stability
• Bringing the geolocation accuracy into
the 10–20 m CE90 range would make
the data suitable for most applications.
OPTICAL COMMERCIAL DATA PRICING
0
10
20
30
40
0 1 2 3 4 5
Resolution (m)Price:$/km2
High-accuracy and high-resolution
from DigitalGlobe, Airbus
High-accuracy and high-
resolution multispectral;
including WorldView-3 SWIR
bands
High-moderate resolution data,
less stringent on geolocation
accuracy
Some announced
new solution pricing
*Newly acquired level 1 data, data prices from the last 12
months

22. SMALLSAT SYMPOSIUM 2017
Euroconsult Internal | Confidential
SATELLITE MANUFACTURING
FOCUS ON UPCOMING SUPPLIERS DEDICATED SMALLSAT MANUFACTURERS
The pure players that are dedicated to small-
satellite development generally have been created
as spin-offs of government or private
organizations with the support of larger aerospace
companies and/or private equity. One of the first
dedicated smallsat manufacturers, SSTL, was itself
a spin-off of the University of Surrey; Satrec
Initiative, on the other hand, was created by the
privatization of SaTrec in South Korea.
Smallsat suppliers are entering the industry to
capitalize on demand with flexible COTS
equipment, bringing down costs and
development times. Larger integrators focused
on larger missions do not necessarily have the
capacity to create these smaller, nominally
lower-cost solutions at a profit or have the
platforms available to support smaller mission
development.
Emerging satellite suppliers view
manufacturing in the space sector from a
different perspective, such as redesigning the
satellite, propulsion (all electric and hybrid),
the manufacturing process (additive
manufacturing, automated integration floor),
onboard processing, systems, payload and
power generation. As a result, a variety of
smallsat buses are now available: BCT and
Spaceflight Industries in the United States and
Clyde Space, Berlin Space Technologies and SSTL
in Europe all offer solutions among others. In
addition, complete cubesat buses are available
from Tyvak Nanosatellite Systems Inc., Blue
Canyon Technologies LLC and Pumpkin Inc. in the
United States and GomSpace ApS in Europe.
UPCOMING DEDICATED SMALLSAT SUPPLIERS
ORG. BACKGROUND
COMPLETED
SOLUTIONS
UPCOMING
SOLUTIONS
CLYDE SPACE
Backed by private equity (Coralinn and
Nevis Capital) with offices in the U.K. and
recently established in the U.S. An
average of four spacecraft a month are
being produced, a number that is
expected to increase rapidly in the next
12-18 months.
Designed and
manufactured
Scotland’s first
satellite, UKube-1
Commissioned by the
Satellite Applications
Catapult and Innovate
UK to build four
cubesats, building
subsystems for the
Spire constellation
AXELSPACE
A Tokyo-based manufacturer of
smallsats and of smallsat equipment
founded in 2008, it has raised $16.05
million so far, led by Global Brain and
joined by other Japanese VCs.
Launched a
nanosatellite
(WNISAT-1) and two
microsatellites
(Hodoyoshi-1,
UNIFORM-1)
It is developing an EO
constellation (50
satellites) based on its
microsat platform and
is planning for first
launches in 2017
BLUE CANYON
TECHNOLOGIES
(BCT)
Developed EO electronics and cubesat-
class satellites. The company primarily is
known for providing components for
smallsats but also develops cubesat-
class spacecraft.
Developed eXact
Attitude Control
Technology (XACT)
with funding from
the U.S. Air Force
The company was
chosen by PlanetiQ to
develop a constellation
of 12 smallsats to be
launched by 2017
LUXSPACE
Created as a daughter company of OHB
SE, it offers microsatellite design and
manufacturing
First satellite,
PathFinder2A, was
launched in 2009
It has a contract with
ESA to manufacture two
microsatellites
AQUILA SPACE
Aquila Space formed from the core team
of the former Dauria Aerospace U.S.-
Russian affiliate, Canopus Systems
Developed Perseus-O
series satellites
Plans to send eight to
10 satellites into the
Landmapper-BC
constellation
SPACEFLIGHT
SERVICES
Formerly Andrews Space. Founded in
1999 and producer of small high-
performance spacecraft and components
-
Primary contractor for
building the BlackSky
constellation (its
subsidiary company)

23. SMALLSAT SYMPOSIUM 2017
Euroconsult Internal | Confidential
EO COMMERCIAL DATA SALES
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
2,000
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
2,000
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
U.S. DEFENSE
NON-U.S.
DEFENSE
NON DEFENSE
VHR OPTICAL
(≤1M)
OPTICAL
SAR
$million
COMMERCIAL DATA MARKET REACHED $1.7
BILLION IN 2015
• Defense markets dominate, topping $1 billion.
Reflected in the procurement of VHR datasets
• Defense/maritime remains first destination for
SAR
• Non-US defense remains most significant
growth driver (11% 5-year CAGR)
• Enterprise markets gaining traction – mainly
going to support VAS development
SET TO REACH $3 BILLION IN 2025
• Lower figure on previous years:
• Slowing regional markets (LATAM, Russia)
• Oil and gas impact
• Greater price pressure > higher usage,
but at a lower data cost
• Asian markets in double-digit growth, expected
to become second area for data sales
• LBS market fast developing; expected greater
emphasis on lower-cost data to build VAS
BY CUSTOMER
BY DATA

24. SMALLSAT SYMPOSIUM 2017
Euroconsult Internal | Confidential
LBS =
Location Based Services
VALUE-ADDED SERVICES MARKET
TOTAL VAS + DATA MARKET = $4.9BN (OF
WHICH $3.2 VAS)
• Key markets those which leverage lower-
cost/free data sets
• Defense sector data sales do not translate in
VAS > much work done in-house
CURRENT VAS MARKET FORECAST TO REACH
$5.3 BY 2025
• However, potential for additional service areas
to open up focused on high revisit location-
based application
• Uptake can be significant – though entry in to
new markets a challenge
4%
DATA:
$1.7 Bn.
61%
10%
9%
7%
2%
5%
2%
SERVICES:
$3.2 Bn.
Defense (15%)
Energy
(9%)
Natural
Resources
(13%)
Infrastructure
(33%)
Disaster
Management (4%)
Environment
Monitoring (21%)
Maritime (2%)
LBS (3%)

25. The NewSpace revolution

26. The Technology… Evolving
NigeriaSat-2 & NigeriaSat-X
integration on Dnepr launcher
NigeriaSat-2
(270kg = smallsat)
Nigerian engineers working on
NigeriaSat-X (85.6kg = microsat)

27. NigeriaSat-2 image - London
Copyright: NigeriaSat-2 Image © 2012 [NASRDA]
all rights reserved
NigeriaSat-2 image - Manhattan Island
Copyright: NigeriaSat-2 Image © 2012 [NASRDA]
all rights reserved
NigeriaSat-2 image - Singapore Harbour
Copyright: NigeriaSat-2 Image © 2012 [NASRDA]
all rights reserved
The Imagery… Evolving
National Space Research and Development Agency, Nigeria

28. NigeriaSat-2 image - London Heathrow Airport
Copyright: NigeriaSat-2 Image © 2013 [NASRDA]
all rights reserved
The Imagery… Evolving
National Space Research and Development Agency, Nigeria

29. Thank You
martin.jarrold@gvf.org
www.gvf.org

30. Thank You
martin.jarrold@gvf.org
www.gvf.org