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Semelhante a Discrimination mindful)murphy l
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Discrimination mindful)murphy l
- 1. Discriminating to Discrimination Linda Murphy Advanced General Psychology Scott Brandhorst February 24, 2011
- 2. Abstract There is a strong positive correlation that by practicing mindful techniques, such as awareness, attention, intention, non-judgment of behaviors and feelings, and open mindedness will decrease discriminatory behaviors in individuals. Individuals who use these skills on a regular basis can condition the brain to form new schemas about other individuals, help increase empathy, and decrease stereotypical ideas and frames, which in turn influences habitualized behaviors. It is suggested that one of the tools of measure used in many studies of Mindfulness is invalid, as the ‘norm’ is based on an individualistic, white, Euro-male, Christian lens, which is discriminatory tool, thus skewing outcomes of current studies.
- 3. Hypothesis: By practicing mindfulness techniques discriminatory behaviors will decrease.
- 5. Individuals are more sensitive towards environmental factors
- 6. Techniques will help in creative problem solving
- 7. Techniques will increase interpersonal communication skills
- 8. Techniques will help decrease judgment
- 9. Techniques will help shift from passive to active behaviors
- 10. Techniques will help individuals stay in present moment and help in letting go of pastdiscriminating behaviors (Djikic, Langer, & Stapleton, 2008; Kabat-Zinn, 1994; Ritchhart & Perkins; 2000).
- 12. Practicing mindfulness helps create new brain cells
- 13. Practicing mindfulness helps increase neural integration
- 14. Practicing mindfulness increases metacognition
- 15. Practicing mindfulness helps in the creation of new schemas
- 17. Mindfulness is Buddhist in tradition, yet in the West Buddhism was removed from mindfulness to make practices more acceptable in the medical and psychological field (Feleppa, 2009; Hickey, 2010)
- 18. Situations may arise in which a faster response than mindfulness allows (Burgoon & Waldren, 2000)
- 21. Does mindfulness practices influence fight or flight responses?
- 22. Is there an influence on the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system?
- 24. Feleppa, Robert (2009, July 01). ZEN, EMOTION, AND SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT. Philosophy East and West, (3), 263, Retrieved from http://elibrary.bigchalk.com Hickey, W. (2010). Meditation as medicine: a critique. Cross Currents, 60(2), pp.168-184. Hollingsworth, A. (2008). IMPLICATIONS OF INTERPERSONAL NEUROBIOLOGY FOR A SPIRITUALITY OF COMPASSION. In , Zygon: Journal of Religion & Science (pp. 837-860). Wiley-Blackwell. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9744.2008.00963.x Kabat-Zinn, J. (1994). Wherever you go there you are . New York: Hyperion. Langer, E., & Mihnea, M. (2000). The construct of mindfulness. Journal of Social Issues, 56(1), pp.1-9.
- 25. Lillis, J., & Hayes, S. (2007). Applying acceptance, mindfulness, and values to the reduction of Prejudice a pilot study. Behavior Modification, 31(4), Retrieved from http://search.proquest. com/docview/221263993?accountid:doi:221263993 Mallett, R., & Swim, J. (2009). Making the best of a bad situation: proactive coping with racial discrimination. Basic & Applied Social Psychology, 31(4), pp.304-316. Moodie, R. (2008). The way we treat each other. Medical Journal of Australia, 188(477), pp.477-480. Ritchhart, R., & Perkins, D. (2000). Life in the mindful classroom: nurturing the disposition of mindfulness. Journal of Social Issues, 56(1), pp.27-47.
- 26. Robinson-Wood, T. (2009). The Convergence of race, ethnicity, and gender multiple identities in counseling. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc. Tarakali, V. (2007). Towards a psychology of unlearning racism: a case study of a buddhist unlearning racism course for white people. Dissertation Abstracts International: section b: the science engineering, 68(1-B), p.654. Walsh, F. (2010). Spiritual diversity: multifaith perspectives in family.Family Process, 49(3), p.330-348.
Notas do Editor
- By maintaining focus, attention, intention, and letting go of judging self and others (Mindfulness), will help an individual become aware of his or her own contributions to intercultural misunderstandings and audit one’s behavior (Burgoon, Berger & Waldren, 2000). By becoming ‘discriminating’ and perceiving the moment with clear awareness of the moment strong emotions will not be judged, thus helping in choosing behavior, instead of merely acting on habitualized/conditioned automatic behaviors.
- Mindfulness practices help in behavior modification by changing the perceptions of environment, past discriminatory behavior, thus different, proactive interpersonal skills are developed.
- Arguments against mindfulness is not against mindfulness itself, but rather the way in which we measure mindfulness in studies. Because we take out the Buddha (discrimination) from mindful techniques and base measures on the white male norm, testing on mindfulness is suggested to be skewed. By taking Buddha out of mindfulness often we miss the promotion of loving kindness, compassion, and equanimity that Buddha promoted through mindful techniques (Feleppa, 2009).
- Be present; be aware; be non-judgmental of self and others through attention and intention---Mindfulness.