pollution complete description, waqas bakhwani

2. Presented By:
Muhammad Waqas 14-Arid-3189
Naeem Iqbal 14-Arid-3199

3. ‘‘Pollution and Different
Types of Pollution in detail’’

4. Pollution
Any undesirable change in the physical, chemical,
or biological characteristics of any component of
the environment (air, water, soil), which can cause
harmful effects on various forms of life or
property.

5. Continued. …
Pollutants are solid liquid or gaseous substances
present in greater than natural abundance,
produced due to human activity, which have
detrimental effect on our environment.

6. History
Pollution started from prehistoric times when man
created the first fires.
 According to a 1983 article in the
journal Science, "soot" found on ceilings of
prehistoric caves provides ample evidence of the
high levels of pollution that was associated with
inadequate ventilation of open fires.

7. Continued. …
Metal forging appears to be a key turning point in
the creation of significant air pollution levels
outside the home.
Core samples of glaciers in Greenland indicate
increases in pollution associated with Greek,
Roman and Chinese metal production, but at that
time the pollution was comparatively small and
could be handled by nature.

8. Types of Pollution
Air Pollution
Water Pollution
Soil Pollution
Marine Pollution
Noise Pollution
Thermal Pollution
Nuclear Pollution

10. Air Pollution
Presence of undesirable solid or gaseous particles
in the air, in quantities that are harmful to human
health and the environment.
It has further two types:
 1- Indoor Air Pollution
 2- Outdoor Air Pollution

11. 1- Indoor Air Pollution
It is the pollution inside the home.
These include combustion sources like oil, gas,
kerosene, coal etc.

12. 2- Outdoor Air Pollution
It is the consideration of pollution outside the
home.
It is known as Ambient air pollution.

13. Water Pollution
‘‘The presence of impurities and foreign substance
in water in such a quantity that lowers its quality
and makes it unfit for consumption and becomes a
health hazard’’.

14. Causes
Due to sewage and other wastes.
Due to industrial discharges.
Due to agricultural discharges.
Due to solid waste of industries.

15. Soil Pollution
‘‘It is the contamination caused by chemicals and
other substances resulting in the loss of the fertility
of the production of soil’’.

16. Causes
Humans
Insecticides
Industrial wastes
Radioactive waste
Nitrification

17. Noise Pollution
‘‘A sound of unpleasant and annoying nature’’.
Greater than 140 dB causes noise pollution.
Normal talk 40 dB
Shouting is 60 dB

18. Causes
Industrial Activities
Transport Activities
Domestic Activities
Cultural Activities
Agricultural Activities
Defence Activities
Mining Activities

19. Thermal Pollution
‘‘Waste water generated by thermal power plants,
nuclear plants has higher temperature than the
normal temperature of the surface water (more than
8 to 1o degree C). This causes thermal pollution’’.

20. Effects
Aqua ecosystems get affected
Animals die or migrate
Quantity of dissolved oxygen declines

21. Marine Pollution
‘‘It is the result of human activities, industrial
wastes, transport, municipal waste, domestic
waste, etc. which are allowed directly to flow into
the sea or estuaries, to make the oceanic water
pollute’’.

22. Causes
Sea wage
Fuel oil from ships
Industrial effluents
Pesticides from agricultural farms
Radioactive and nuclear waste

23. Pollution Control
Pollution control is a term used in environmental management.
It means the control of emissions and effluents into air, water
or soil.
Without pollution control, the waste products
from overconsumption, heating, agriculture, mining,
manufacturing, transportation and other human activities,
whether they accumulate or disperse, will degrade
the environment.
In the hierarchy of controls, pollution prevention and waste
minimization are more desirable than pollution control.
In the field of land development, low impact development is a
similar technique for the prevention of urban runoff.