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Semelhante a Intro to computer.pdf
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Intro to computer.pdf
- 1. 1
- 2. What Is a Computer? • A computer is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory Collects data (input) Processing Produces information (output) Information Processing Cycle 2
- 3. What Is a Computer? 3
- 4. The Components of a Computer • A computer contains many electric, electronic, and mechanical components known as hardware • Allows you to enter data and instructions into a computer Input Device • Hardware component that conveys information to one or more people Output Device • Case that contains the electronic components of the computer that are used to process data System Unit • Holds data, instructions, and information for future use Storage Device • Enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions, and information to and from one or more computers or mobile devices Communications Device 4
- 5. The Components of a Computer 5
- 6. Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers Advantages of Using Computers Disadvantages of Using Computers Speed Reliability Consistency Storage Communications Health Risks Violation of Privacy Public Safety Impact on Labor Force Impact on Environment 6
- 7. Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers • Green computing involves reducing the electricity consumed and environmental waste generated when using a computer • Strategies include: – Recycling – Regulating manufacturing processes – Extending the life of computers – Immediately donating or properly disposing of replaced computers 7
- 8. Networks and the Internet • A network is a collection of computers and devices connected together, often wirelessly, via communications devices and transmission media 8
- 9. Networks and the Internet • The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals 9
- 10. Networks and the Internet • People use the Internet for a variety of reasons: Communicate Research and Access Information Shop Bank and Invest Online Trading Entertainment Download Videos Share Information Web Application 10
- 11. Networks and the Internet • A social networking Web site encourages members to share their interests, ideas, stories, photos, music, and videos with other registered users 11
- 12. Computer Software • Software, also called a program, tells the computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them System Software • Operating system • Utility program Application Software 12
- 13. Computer Software • Installing is the process of setting up software to work with the computer, printer, and other hardware 13
- 14. Computer Software • A programmer develops software or writes the instructions that direct the computer to process data into information 14
- 15. Categories of Computers Personal computers Mobile computers and mobile devices Game consoles Servers Mainframes Supercomputers Embedded computers 15
- 16. Personal Computers • A personal computer can perform all of its input, processing, output, and storage activities by itself • Two popular architectures are the PC and the Apple – Desktop computer 16
- 17. Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices Personal computer you can carry from place to place Examples include notebook computers, laptop computers, netbooks, ultra-thins, and Tablet PCs Mobile Computer Computing device small enough to hold in your hand Examples include smart phones, PDAs, handheld computers, portable media players, and digital cameras Mobile Device 17
- 18. Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices Notebook computer Tablet PC Smart phone PDA 18
- 19. Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices Handheld computer Portable media player Digital camera 19
- 20. Game Consoles • A game console is a mobile computing device designed for single-player or multiplayer video games 20
- 21. Servers • A server controls access to the hardware, software, and other resources on a network – Provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information 21
- 22. Mainframes • A mainframe is a large, expensive, powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously 22
- 23. Supercomputers • A supercomputer is the fastest, most powerful computer – Fastest supercomputers are capable of processing more than one quadrillion instructions in a single second 23
- 24. Embedded Computers • An embedded computer is a special-purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product Consumer Electronics • Mobile and digital telephones • Digital televisions • Cameras • Video recorders • DVD players and recorders • Answering machines Home Automation Devices • Thermostats • Sprinkling systems • Security monitoring systems • Appliances • Lights Automobiles • Antilock brakes • Engine control modules • Airbag controller • Cruise control Process Controllers and Robotics • Remote monitoring systems • Power monitors • Machine controllers • Medical devices Computer Devices and Office Machines • Keyboards • Printers • Faxes • Copiers 24
- 26. Elements of an Information System Hardware Software Data People Procedures 26
- 27. Examples of Computer Usage Home User •Personal financial management •Web access •Communications •Entertainment Small Office/Home Office User •Look up information •Send and receive e-mail messages •Make telephone calls Mobile User •Connect to other computers on a network or the Internet •Transfer information •Play video games •Listen to music •Watch movies 27
- 28. Examples of Computer Usage Power User • Work with multimedia • Use industry-specific software Enterprise User • Communicate among employees • Process high volumes of transactions • Blog 28
- 29. Computer Applications in Society Education Finance Government Health Care 29
- 30. Computer Applications in Society Science Publishing Travel Manufacturing 30