2.  Ottomans- Turkish
speaking nomads
 Invaded
Constantinople in
1453
◦ 2 months of fighting
◦ Re-named the city
Istanbul
◦ Made it their new
capital

3.  Sultan from 1520-
1566
 Great ruler called
“the lawgiver”
 Greatly expanded
the empire
 Conquered new
lands
 Claimed to be caliph
of all the Muslims

4.  Divided into classes
◦ Men of the Sword (soldiers)
◦ Men of the Pen (scientists, lawyers, judges, poets)
◦ Men of Negotiation (merchants, tax
collectors, artisans)
◦ Men of Husbandry (farmers and herders)
 Muslims, Christians, and Jews all lived under
Ottoman rule- most were Sunni Muslims

5.  Suleyman killed two of
his sons
 Only surviving
son, Selim II, was not a
good leader
 European advances in
military technology
allowed them to easily
capture Ottoman land

6.  Located in Persia (in
between the Mughal and
Ottoman Empires)
 Shiite Muslims- did not
like the Sunni Ottomans
 Shah Abbas- great king
◦ Made alliances with
European coutries against
the Ottomans
◦ Reduced taxes
◦ Built Safavid capital at
Isfahan

7.  Decline after Shah Abbas’ death
 Shiitespersecuted other
religions- rebellion
 Rebelscaptured the capital city of
Isfahan in 1722