Hardware

1. Lecture 7

2. Outline
• 80386 Microprocessor
• DVD-ROM
• DVD-R
• DVD-RW
• Video Card
• Resolution

3. 80386 Microprocessor
• 80386 Microprocessor is a 32-bit processor that
holds the ability to carry out 32-bit operations in
one cycle.
• It has a data and address bus of 32-bit each.
• Multitasking and protection capability are the
two key characteristics of the 80386
microprocessor.
• 80386 has internal dedicated hardware that
permits multitasking.

4. Features of 80386
• As it is a 32-bit microprocessor. Thus has a 32-bit ALU.
• 80386 has a data bus of 32-bit.
• It holds an address bus of 32 bit.
• It supports physical memory addressability of 4 GB and virtual
memory addressability of 64 TB.

5. DVD-ROM
• Digital versatile disc-read only memory (DVD-ROM)
is a read-only digital versatile disc (DVD) commonly
used for storing large software applications.
• It is similar to a compact disk-read only memory
(CD-ROM) but has a larger capacity.
• A DVD-ROM stores around 4.38 GB of data. A CD-
ROM usually stores 650 MB of data.

6. DVD-R
• Stands for "Digital Versatile Disc
Recordable." A DVD-R looks the same as a
regular DVD, but like a CD-R, it can be used
to record data.
• Once a DVD-R has been "burned," or
written to, it cannot be written to again.
• A basic single-sided, single-layer DVD-R disc
can store 4.7GB of data.
• Double-layer discs can store 8.5GB, while
double-sided DVD-Rs can store 9.4GB.

7. DVD-RW
• Stands for "Digital Versatile Disk Rewritable."
• A DVD-RW is like a DVD-R but can be erased and written to
again.
• Like CD-RWs, DVD-RWs must be erased in order for new data
to be added.
• DVD-RWs can hold 4.7GB of data and do not come in double-
layered or double-sided versions like DVD-Rs do.
• Because of their large capacity and ability to be used mulitple
times, DVD-RW discs are a great solution for frequent
backups.
• To record data onto a DVD-RW disc, you'll need a DVD burner
that supports the DVD-RW format.

8. Video Card
• Most of the processing done on a computer is done via the
computer's central processing unit, or CPU. So in order to
give the CPU a break and help it run more efficiently, a video
card can be used to process the graphics portion of the
processing load. Because most of today's programs are
graphically oriented, the video card can help almost any
program run more efficiently. However, the difference in
performance is especially noticeable in image editing
applications and 3D games.
• Video cards, also called graphics accelerators, can speed up
both 2D and 3D graphics rendering. Programs such as photo
editors and Web browsers may benefit from 2D
acceleration, while CAD design programs and video games
will most likely benefit from the card's 3D acceleration.
Some programs rely so heavily on the video card, that they
will not run if a supported video card is not installed.

9. Resolution
• Resolution measures the number of pixels in
a digital image or display.
• It is defined as width by height, or W x H, where W is
the number of horizontal pixels and H is the number
of vertical pixels.
• For example, the resolution of an HDTV is 1920 x
1080.
• NOTE: Unlike monitor resolution, the resolution of a
printer or scanner is analogous to pixel density
rather than total pixels. Printer and scanner
resolution is measured in dots per inch, or DPI.