This is the ppt on a talk given on the theme " Making Indian Engineering World class" on Engineer's day for Institution of Engineers Kozhikode Local centre on 22nd Sept . Presents points from the theme circulated and my ideas views on how Indian engineers who are inferior to none in the world can do well in our own country.

1. Mohandas K P
Dean Academic, M E S College of Engg
Former Dean PG Studies & Research, N I T Calicut

2. How do we define world class?
Does it mean Indian engineers are not world class ?
No, our engineers are every where in the world
Our engineers are sought by countries like
USA, Australia, Germany, Canada etc
Major contribution is in softwarebut significant contribution in other areas like NASA, Energy sector, Education etc
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3. A world class engineer is one who can :
Work in any part of the world
whether underdeveloped developing or
developed and
Do the his job to
the best of satisfaction of
himself and
the society/ firm which employs him.
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4. USA: More than 50% of the H1B Visa to USA is offered to Indians
Australia
Italy
Singapore
New Zealand
Malaysia
Russia
Switzerland
United Kingdom
Canada
China
France
Germany
Ireland
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5. A recruiter stated
A great engineer is 10 times more valuable than a good engineer,“ "There is a war for top 10% talent."
So, our engineers are really talented.
They do very well working abroad
Many Indians are occupying the top positions or heading institutions abroad
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6. SATYANADELAMICROSOFT
AJAY BANGA-MASTERCARD
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7. DINESHPALIWALHARMAN INTERNATIONAL
INDRANOUIPESICO
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8. ANSHUJAIN, DEUTSCHE BANK
RAJEEV VASUDEVA
EGONZEHNDER
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9. RAKESHKAPOOR, RECKITT BENCKISER
SHANTANUNARAYAADOBE
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10. AJITJAIN BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY
SANJAY MEHROTRA: SANDISK
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11. IVAN MENEZESDIAGEO INTERNATIONAL
PIYUSHGUPTA DBS BANK
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12. Some how there is a complaint that we are lacking motivation in achieving excellence
Achieving excellence is a journey that needs considerable effort.
Requires a transition from :
Reactive to proactive
Compliance-based to Contributory and
Change of mindset to value-addition
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13. An environment of sustained operational progress.
A set of approaches and best-practices that will improve tomorrow's world,
A long-term value, and
Institutionalize business sustainability
And
Be committed to the society to which you owe everything
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14. Find interdisciplinary approaches to solution of several problems
Pursue opportunities to apply skills in both traditional and non-traditional fields to address social challenges
Communicate and interact with international leaders in engineering, and
Establish ourselves as personalities with ethical and noble values
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15. We have to do a lot in India in many areas, much more than what we are doing now :
Energy sector
Environmental issues
We have to be smart & be prepared for:
Smart grids
Smart homes
Green buildings
Internet of things
Big data
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16. NO TO FOSSIL FUELS
TO AVOID SITUATIONS LIKE THIS
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17. 1999 –cost oil $10 / barrel
2007 -$147 / barrel
2008 -Economic crash and collapse of oil price
2017 –oil drilling in Arctic
2026 –oil costs $200 / barrel
2028 –Denmark, first oil-free country
2038 –Saudi Arabia starts importing oil
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18. Globally -every year we consume
Over 11 billion tonnes of fossil fuels.
Crude oil reserves are vanishing at the rate
of 4 billion tonnes a year–
If we carry on at this rate , it is estimated
that our known oil deposits will be
finished by 2052.
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19. Some say that we have enough coal to last hundreds of years.
But if we step up production to fill the gap left through depleting our oil and gas reserves,
the coal deposits we know about will only give us enough energy to take us as far as 2088.
And let’s not even think of the carbon dioxide emissions from burning all that coal.
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20. But if we increase gas production to fill the energy gap left by oil, then those reserves will only give us an additional eight years, taking us to 2060.
But the rate at which the world consumes fossil fuels is not standing still, it is increasing as the world's population increases and as living standards rise in parts of the world that until recently had consumed very little energy.
Fossil Fuels will therefore run out earlier.
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22. New reserves are becoming harder to find, and those that are being discovered are significantly smaller than the ones that have been found in the past.
Take oil, for example, we’re probably already on a downward slope.
Sixteen of the world’s twenty largest oil fields have already reached their peak level of production, whilst the golden age of oil field discovery was nearly 50 years ago.
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23. ENERGY FROM THE SUN
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24. In full sun, about 100 watts of solar energy per square foot.
Assuming 12 hours of sun per day, this equates to 438,000 watt-hours per square foot per year.
Based on 27,878,400 square feet per square mile, sunlight bestows a whopping 12.2 trillion watt-hours per square mile per year.
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25. The energy received from the sun is more than
20,000 times the world energy demand
The need to exploit solar energy is the only way to solve the energy needs of the future
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26. 1. Solar energy is free in spite of the cost of the equipment required to convert solar energy into electricity or hot water.
2.Solar energy does not cause pollution. However, solar collectors and other associated equipment / machines are manufactured in factories that in turn cause some pollution.
3.Solar energy can be used in remote areas where it is too expensive to extend the electricity power grid.
4.Many everyday items such as calculators and other low power consuming devices can be powered by solar energy effectively.
5.The solar energy is infinite (forever, perennial).
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28. Induction generators, used for wind power, requirereactivepowerforexcitationand substantialcapacitorbanks forpower factor correction.
But cannot support the system voltage during faults, unlike steam or hydro turbine-driven synchronous generators
Doubly fed machinesgenerally have more desirable properties for grid interconnection.Transmission systems operators will supply a wind farm developer with agrid codeto specify the requirements for interconnection to the transmission grid.
Different types of wind turbine generators behave differently during transmission grid disturbances, dynamic electromechanical characteristics of a new wind farm is required by transmission system operators to ensure predictable stable behaviourduring system faults
This will includepower factor, constancy offrequency and dynamic behavior of the wind farm turbines during a system fault
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29. Environmental impact due to large land usage and affecting natural beauty
Reports of bird and bat mortality at wind turbines
The scale of the ecological impact may notbe significant, depending on specific circumstances.
Fluctuations in power output due to change in wind velocity
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30. Biomassisbiological materialderived from living, or recently living organisms.
Biomass can either be used directly via combustion to produce heat, or indirectly after converting it to a bio-fuel.
Conversion of biomass to bio-fuel can be by different methods which are broadly classified into:thermal,chemical, andbiochemicalmethods.
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32. Every state except Gujarat and Chhattisgarh is suffering from acute power shortage
In the South, Kerala, Karnataka ,Andhra and T Nadu worst
Transmission & Distribution loss 24% as against 6% in USA . Our target is 14.1% in 2022.
33% of the rural population and 6% of urban has no electricity in India
40% of the world’s population with no electricity are in India
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33. All India demand : 1,47,815MW
Demand met : 1,44,788 MW
Shortfall: 3027MW
Installed capacity
State sector 37.4 %
Central sector 27.3%
Private sector 35.3%
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34. Break up into different sectors
Thermal 69.1%
Coal 59.6%
Gas 9%
Oil 0.52%
Hydro 16.3%
Nuclear 1.9%
MNRE 12.7%
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35. Massive generation of power from Nuclear power plants.
The expected power generation from Nuclear plants is a gigantic 63000 MW in 2032 .
Remember after the recent accidents in Nuclear plants, many countries have decided
Not to set up new nuke plants
Phase out the existing ones
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37. Wind power in the United Statesexpanding quickly over the last several years. At of the end of 2013 the capacity was 61,108 MW.
This capacity is exceeded only byChina.
Projects totaling 12,000 MW of capacity were under construction at the end of 2013, including 10,900 MW that began construction in the 4th quarter.
For the 12 months through April 2014, the electricity produced fromwind powerin the United States amounted to 174.7terawatt-hours, or 4.25% of all generated electrical energy.
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41. Future of energy is in small units, not Megaprojects.
What is required is to integrate the small units of renewable sources with the existing ones.
Major effort is required as the renewable sources have peculiarities not seen by large scale power generation schemes.
WE have to learn from nations like Germany where there are 6 million small producers of solar and wind power energy.
Effective utilization of these require development of micro-grids and smart grids
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42. Smart grids
Micro-grids for villages
Smart homes,
Green homes
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44. More efficient and economic use of energy
Consumers can generate power and feed to grid.
Incentives for consumers by flexible tariff
Integration of existing and renewable sources.
Better utilization of available resources
Smart metering and competitive prices
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46. •Micro-grids could have a grid interconnection to
•Improve system economics
•Improve operation
•Improve availability
•With a suitable planning, grid planning can benefit from having micro-grids by
•Reducing conductor’s size
•Improving availability
•Improving stability
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47. •Tools, strategies and techniques for an effective integration of a micro-grid into the main grid:
•Net metering –bi-directional power flow.
•Peak shaving
•Advanced communications and controls
•Demand response
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48. Green gas , global warming and consequent climatic changes.
Presence of green gases in the upper atmosphere is essential to maintain the temperature on our planet.
However excess amount of green gases in the atmosphere is dangerous.
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49. Significant increase in global temperature
Climatic changes
If the global temperature increase by 2C
Severe floods and tornados in some places
Extremely high temp in some areas and drought in other places.
Melting of ice in Arctic and Antarctic
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50. If the same rate of green gas emission continues, global temp will increase by 6C at the end of century, if so :
Rain forests will disappear.
Ocean water level rise by 2-3 meters
Inundation of low lying areas like Bangladesh, Florida and Lakshadveep
Large number of animals species on land and ocean will disappear
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51. Large scale consumption of fossil fuels for power generation –excess CO2
Automobile emission resulting in increased CO2 and CO in atmosphere.
Live stock (animals) creating 28% of the green gases (Methane)
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54. New technologies are constantly being developed to complement current practices in creating greener structures, the common objective is that green buildings are designed to:
Reduce the overall impact of the built environment on human health and the natural environment by:
Efficiently using energy, water, and other resources
Protecting occupant health and improving employee productivity
Reducing waste, pollution andenvironmental degradation
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55. Green constructionorsustainable buildingrefers to a structure and using process that is environmentally responsible and resource-efficient throughout a building's life-cycle: from sitingto design,
construction,
operation,
maintenance,
renovation, and
demolition.
This requires close cooperation of the design team, the architects, the engineers, and the client at all project stages.
The Green Building practice expands and complements the classical building design concerns of economy, utility, durability, and comfort
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58. Reduce the generation of green gases by at least 40%
Developed countries should help the developing & underdeveloped countries.
Create awareness among younger people the reason for climatic changes.
Reduce fossil fuel consumption and promote use of renewable energy sources.
Reduce large scale killing of animals for food
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59. TheInternet of Things(IoT) refers to the interconnection of uniquely identifiable embedded computing-like devices within the existingInternetinfrastructure.
Typically, IoTis expected to offer advanced connectivity of devices, systems, and services that goes beyondmachine-to-machine communications (M2M)and covers a variety of protocols, domains, and applications.
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61. The interconnection of these embedded devices (includingsmart objects), is expected to usher in automation in nearly all fields,
Enabling advanced applications like aSmart Grid.
IoT, can refer to a wide variety of devices such as heart monitoring implants,biochip transponders on farm animals, automobiles with built-in sensors, or field operation devices that assist fire-fighters in search and rescue.
Current market examples includesmart thermostatsystems and washer/dryers that utilize wififor remote monitoring.
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62. Big datais collection ofdata setsso large and complex that it becomes difficult to process using traditional data processing applications.
The challenges include analysis, capture, curation, search, sharing, storage, transfer, visualization, and privacy violations.
The trend to larger data sets is due to the additional information derivable from analysis of a single large set of related data, as compared to separate smaller sets with the same total amount of data, allowing correlations to be found to "spot business trends, prevent diseases, combat crime and so on.”
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63. Scientists encounter limitations due to large data sets in
meteorology,genomics, connectomics, complex physics simulations,and biological and environmental research.
The limitations also affectInternet search,financeandbusiness informatics.
Data sets grow in size because they are increasingly being gathered by ubiquitous information-sensing mobile devices, aerial sensory technologies (remote sensing), software logs, cameras, microphones,radio-frequency identification(RFID) readers, andwireless sensor networks.
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64. The world's technological per-capita capacity to store information has roughly doubled every 40 months since the 1980s;as of 2012, every day 2.5exabytes(2.5×1018) of data were created.
The challenge for large enterprises is determining who should own big data initiatives that straddle the entire organization.
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66. We should be:
More aware of things happening around
Share knowledge from any source available anywhere in the world.
Cooperate with colleagues and experts outside.
Develop an interdisciplinary approach to solve complex problems
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67. Energy efficiency
Environment friendliness
Economy or frugality or austerity in the use of resources
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68. Energy
Water
Other Resources
Even food
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69. 1.Accept responsibility in making decisions and disclose promptly factors that might endanger the public or the environment;
2.Avoid real or hidden conflicts of interest and to disclose them to affected parties when they do exist.
3. Be honest and realistic in stating claims or estimates based on available data
(Ref: IEEE Code of Ethics)
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70. 4. Reject bribery in all its forms;
5. Improve the understanding of technology; its appropriate application, and potential consequences.
6. Maintain and improve our technical competence and to take up tasks only if qualified by training or experience
7. Seek, accept, and offer honest criticism of technical work, to acknowledge and correct errors, and to credit properly the contributions of others
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71. 8. Treat fairly all persons and avoid discrimination based on race, religion, gender, disability, age, national origin.
9. Avoid injuring others, their property, reputation, or employmentby false or malicious action;
10.Assist colleagues and co-workers in their professional development and to support them in following this code of ethics
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