The document summarizes Arlington County, Virginia's approach to integrating land use and transportation planning over several decades to support economic growth while reducing automobile reliance. It provides an overview of Arlington's [1] concentrated development around transit stations, expanded transportation services and facilities, and transportation demand management strategies; [2] selected community indicators showing economic success and reduced driving; and [3] lessons learned and areas for further investigation.

1. R-B CORRIDOR 1970
R-B CORRIDOR TODAY
Integrating Community Development and
Transportation Strategies
TRB Annual Meeting
Transportation and Land Development Committee
Wednesday, January 15, 2014 (4:30 – 6:00 pm)

2. The Community Development –
Transportation Question
• Can communities support increased economic activity,
improved environmental performance and quality of life
while reducing reliance on auto travel and associated
VMT growth?
– In Arlington, the answer is yes, but it takes commitment and
continued innovation
– Transportation infrastructure investments and services must be
closely aligned with development
• Are there other ancillary community benefits?
– The reduced reliance on auto travel yields many other community
benefits: more efficient use of land, reduced environmental
impacts, lower energy use, a lower carbon footprint, improved
public health
2

3. Topics to be covered
• Overview of development and
transportation in Arlington
• Selected community performance
indicators
• Lesson learned
• Areas for further investigation
3

4. Context
400,000
Households
Residents
Jobs
300,000
200,000
100,000
0
19701980199020002010202020302040
•
Arlington, Virginia – 25.8 sq. miles in area including federal lands
•
Continuing to grow – with over 276,000 residents and 308,000 jobs
projected by 2040 (212,900 residents and 228,700 jobs in January
2013)
•
Over 88.5% of all housing/household/population growth and 96% of
all employment growth forecasts for established transit districts
(Rosslyn-Ballston, Jefferson Davis and Columbia Pike Corridors)
4

5. Development Concepts
• Concentrate high and middensity redevelopment around
transit stations (highly targeted)
and taper down to existing
neighborhoods
• Encourage a mix of uses and
services in station areas
• Create high quality pedestrian
environments and enhanced
open space
• Preserve and reinvest in
established residential
neighborhoods
5

6. General Land Use Plan
Rosslyn-Ballston
Corridor
Columbia Pike
Jefferson Davis
Corridor
6

7. Development Characteristics
•
•
•
44.5 million sq. ft. of office space*, 41 million sq. ft. in Metro station areas*
with over 4 million sq. ft. of supporting retail & services
108,000 housing units (over 43,000 in Metro station areas)
Over 3,250 housing units, 1.6 million sq. ft. of office, 190,000 sq. ft. of retail
under construction as of January 2013.
* Includes the Pentagon @ 5 million sq. Ft.
7

8. Transportation Facilities & Services –
Expanding Travel Options
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
1,094 lane-miles of streets and 19
miles of HOV lanes
Over 5,400 on-street metered
parking spaces
12 miles of Metrorail lines and 11
stations
VRE commuter rail
Extensive regional (Metrobus) and
local bus (ART) service
And expanding car-share program
with over 86 cars
A growing bikesharing program
with 70 stations w/ 20 additional
stations funded
50 miles of multi-use trails and 36
miles of on-street bike lanes and
sharrows
Extensive and growing network of
sidewalks
8

9. Transportation System Users
•
Residents
–
–
–
–
•
Employees commuting to Arlington-based
jobs
–
–
–
•
Over 228,700 jobs in 2013
200,000+ jobs clustered around transit in
Arlington’s high-density corridors.
160,000+ workers commute into Arlington daily
Over 40% take transit, walk or bike to work.
Visitors
–
–
–
•
Over 212,900 in January 2013
Over 140,000 workers with 70% working
outside the County
Lowest resident drive-alone commute rate in all
VA regions
46% residents use non-SOV as primary
commute mode
4 million plus visitors to Arlington National
Cemetery
Over 10,500 hotel rooms used as a base for
visitors from outside the region
Many daily visitors from adjacent jurisdictions
Through travelers & commuters
9

10. Transportation System Use
•
> 4 million vehicle-miles of travel per day
•
•
220,000 Metrorail boardings/alightings
> 64,000 bus trips
•
•
> 3,000 commuter rail boardings/alightings
> 8,000 car-share members
•
•
> 200,000 transit-related walking trips
< 50% of all resident and worker trips in the Metro
Corridors by SOV
10

11. Transportation System Use
64,000 daily bus
boardings

12. Transportation System Use
41,000 regional members
261,000 trips taken Oct. 2013
12

13. Transportation System Use
8,000+ Carsharing Members

14. Transportation Strategies to Influence
Travel Patterns
• Concentrate mixed use
development around transit
stations
• Create environments rich in travel
choices
• Time transportation improvements
including expansion of transit
service to development
• Provide comprehensive travel
information and encouragement
• Expand development-specific TDM
requirements
• Increase focus on parking
management (supply and pricing)
14

15. View of Rosslyn-Ballston Metro Corridor
The Capitol
Rosslyn
Courthouse
Lower
Density
Zoning
Potomac River
M
Lower Density Zoning
M
M
Clarendon
M Virginia
Square
M
Ballston
15

16. Corridor Development
Columbia Pike
Population
Housing Units
Employment
2010
36,000
16,400
9,600
2040
71,900
30,400
11,500
Pentagon City &
Crystal City
Population
Housing Units
Employment
2010
17,400
13,100
54,700
2040
25,900
20,000
90,100
16

17. Corridor Development
Quarter Mile from all
Proposed Streetcar Stations
Population
Housing Units
Employment
2010
2040
39,400 81,500
22,600 42,700
62,900 100,100
17

18. Creating Environments Rich in Travel
Choices
•
•
•
•
Site Plan Development
County Infrastructure Investments
Expanded Transit Service
Support for Emerging Travel Options
18

19. Rosslyn Station Access Improvements
Location
19

20. Clarendon Metro Plaza Improvements
View from Highland St.
View of Escalators
Existing
Planned
Location
20

21. Columbia Pike “Multimodal” Improvements
Before
After
Location

22. Rte. 1/Crystal City Streetcar Conversion
Location of Planned Alignment
Rendering of Proposed 12th Street Station
Example of Streetcar Elsewhere

23. Providing Comprehensive Travel
Information and Encouragement
• Sales – Arlington
Transportation Partners
• Retail Commuter
Information and Support –
three commuter stores,
one mobile store
• Operations & Logistics
23

24. Providing Comprehensive Travel
Information and Encouragement
• Marketing
• BikeArlington,
• WalkArlington,
• Carsharing,
• Bikesharing
• Transportation research
• (Mobility Lab)
24

25. Requiring Development-Specific
Transportation Demand Management
• Participation in Countywide Commuter
Services programs
• Transit subsidies
• On-site improvements
including
sidewalk/streetscape
and bicycle facilities
• On-site travel
information
• Parking management
• Transportation
performance surveys
EPA – Potomac Yard (completed 2006)
ATP participant
Employee transit subsidies
Dedicated transitway and station
Sidewalk and bicycle improvements
Market-rate parking charges
On-site transportation coordinator
25

26. TDM - Site Plan Development
• TDM Structure
– Work directly with Developers
to mitigate transportation
impacts
– Agree to a plan
– Actively monitor
– Document performance at year
2, 5 and every 5 years for the
life of the project
• Objectives
– Reduce SOV trips
– Incorporate infrastructure
features (showers, bike lockers,
van accessible garages and
carpool spaces)
– Promote participation in transit,
carpooling, vanpooling and offer
transit subsidies
– Provide information on
transportation choices
26

27. TDM - Site Plan Development
Standard Site Plan Conditions
• Transportation Demand Management (TDM)
 Contribution ($0.06 per sq ft) to Arlington County Commuter
Services (on-going)
 Bicycle parking/storage facilities
 SmarTrip cards for building employees ($65, one time)
 Performance monitoring studies
• Transportation Infrastructure
 Pedestrian and bicycle infrastructure
 Bus stops and shelters
 Contribution to traffic signals
27

28. TDM - Site Plan Development
• Current Status
– 120 active site
plans
– 60% of sites
visited by staff
– 12% of sites
were missing
TDM plans
– 27% had new
property
managers
28

29. Managing Parking
• Management of the onstreet supply
– Residential permit
parking
– On-street metered
parking
• Influence off-street
private parking
– Parking information
– Shared/public
parking
– Pricing
– Amount provided
29

30. Reduced Parking Policy for Site Plan Office
Buildings
Less Parking
Greater Mitigation
Parking < 1:1,201
1:781 – 1:1,200
1:631 – 1:780
Parking > 1:630
$40,000
$12,500
$7,250
Base
Parking < 1:1,801
1:1,101 – 1:
1,800
1:976 –
1:1,100
Parking >
1:975
1:1,251 –
1:1,900
$40,000
1:1,001 –
1:1,250
$12,500
$7,250
Base
Parking >
1:1,000
Parking < 1:1,901
$40,000
$12,500
$7,250
Base
Total contribution amount calculated on an annual cost over 30 years.
30

31. Selected Community Performance
Indicators
• Economic & Social
• Transportation
31

32. Unemployment
12.0%
10.0%
8.0%
6.0%
4.0%
2.0%
0.0%
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Arlington
Virginia
US
Note: Arlington through November 2012
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics

33. Private Office Market
Comparisons
Submarket
Office Inventory
SF
Vacancy
Rate
Average Asking
Rate
Downtown Philadelphia
44,202,474
14.7%
$26.10
Chicago Central Loop
41,099,407
13.1%
$31.54
Washington CBD
38,710,591
11.5%
$48.52
Boston CBD
37,473,147
12.7%
$43.79
Arlington County
36,735,543
16.1%
$41.13
Houston CBD
36,514,081
13.7%
$33.09
Los Angeles Downtown
31,125,339
18.0%
$34.32
Dallas CBD
29,799,042
28.1%
$18.93
Denver Downtown
25,608,414
14.1%
$25.45
Minneapolis CBD
23,348,562
17.4%
$12.46
Seattle CBD
20,267,129
14.4%
$31.891
Atlanta Downtown
18,377,678
24.6%
$18.09
1Class
A only
Source: CB Richard Ellis; Colliers International; 4th Quarter 2012

34. Apartment Market Comparisons
Submarket
District of Columbia
Existing Units
Vacancy
Rate
Average
Effective
Rate
130,330
5.0%
$1,674
Prince George’s County
96,744
4.7%
$1,258
Montgomery County
87,653
3.8%
$1,595
Fairfax County
83,058
4.6%
$1,622
Arlington County
52,567
3.8%
$1,949
Alexandria City
38,270
4.6%
$1,534
Prince William County
19,861
6.3%
$1,303
Loudoun County
12,825
4.9%
$1,483
Falls Church City
1,872
3.9%
$1,767
Fairfax City
1,555
3.4%
$1,613
551,131
4.5%
$1,541
Washington Metro
Source: CoStar 10/21/13

35. Regional Apartment Availability
Submarket
Existing
Units
Vacant
Units
Vacancy
Rate
Avg.
Asking
Rate
Avg.
Effective
Rate
RB Corridor
14,074
429
3.8% $2,295
$2,235
Washington East End
12,555
253
2.8% $2,238
$2,201
11,458
281
3.8% $2,143
$2,110
9,739
443
5.0% $2,236
$2,185
Tysons Corner
7,750
402
7.2% $1,898
$1,867
Reston
6,692
199
5.3% $1,599
$1,541
Capitol Hill
4,188
157
5.8% $1,825
$1,800
Washington CBD
4,051
97
3.6% $2,134
$2,076
U Street/Cardozo
2,989
187
9.1% $2,020
$1,986
NoMa
2,909
415
18.8% $2,437
$2,412
Capitol Riverfront
2,643
358
19.3% $2,344
$2,244
Bethesda/
Chevy Chase
Crystal City/
Pentagon City
Source: CoStar 10/21/13

36. Development Pipeline
Summary
Stage
No. of
Projects
Office SF
Retail SF
Other SF
Housing
Units
Hotel
Rooms
Under Construction
15
748,108
168,308
0
2,836
0
Near-term Construction
Starts
10
1,956,703
110,108
12,985
1,570
316
Awaiting Market or Phasing
16
3,995,598
186,745
389,072
1,727
300
Zoning Review
13
3,129,810
156,224
110,000
3,170
816
Total Pipeline
54
9,830,219
621,295
512,057
9,386
1,432
Source: Arlington Economic Development

37. Real Estate Tax Base
65%
59%
60%
60%
58%
56%
55%
52%
50%
55%
53%
54%
51% 51%
49% 49%
47%
45%
44%
40%
54%
49%
51%
48%
45%
57%
41%
42%
46%
46%
43%
40%
35%
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Residential
Commercial/Apartment
Source: Arlington County Department of Management and Finance

38. Real Estate Tax Base
Northern Virginia
Alexandria City
Arlington County
Fairfax City
Fairfax County
Falls Church City
Loudoun County
Prince William County
0%
20%
40%
Commercial/Apartments
60%
80%
100%
Residential
Source: Arlington Economic Development

39. Taxes from Business
Revenue
($Mil)
% of
Total Taxes
$286.0
32.8%
Gross Receipts
61.5
7.0
Personal Property
34.3
3.9
Sales Tax
38.5
4.4
Meals Tax
32.8
3.8
Transient Occupancy
21.8
2.5
Commercial Utility
12.9
1.5
Other
17.2
2.0
$505.2
57.9%
Tax
Real Estate
Subtotal
Source: Arlington County Department of Management and Finance

40. 2012 Arlington Business Leaders Survey
40

41. 2012 Arlington Business Leaders Survey
41

42. 2012 Arlington Business Leaders Survey
42

43. 2009 Arlington Residents Survey
9 in 10 Residents Give Arlington County High Ratings for
Overall Quality of Life
Long + Mini
Survey
5 - Excellent
59%
n = 4,325
92%
4
33%
3
5%
2
1%
1 - Poor
1%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Q10 Overall, how would you rate the quality of life in Arlington County?
Source: LDA Consulting / SIR
43

44. 2009 Arlington Residents Survey – cont’d
Three-Quarters of Residents are Satisfied with Arlington’s
Transportation System
Long + Mini
Survey
5 - Very satisfied
34%
n = 4,204
75%
4
41%
3
19%
2
4%
1 - Not at all satisfied
2%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Q11 How satisfied are you with the transportation system in Arlington County?
Source: LDA Consulting / SIR
44

45. Daily Household Travel in the Greater
Metropolitan Washington Region
Average
Weekday
Trips per
Household
% of of Daily Household Trips by Mode of Travel
Auto
Auto
Walk/
School
Driver Passenger Transit
Bike
Bus/Other
Average
Average
Weekday
Weekday
% of
Auto Driver
Auto
Regional
Trips*
Driver VMT
HH
Jurisdiction in the Greater
Metropolitan Washington
Region
Core
District of Columbia
Arlington
- Rosslyn-Ballston Corridor
- Jefferson Davis Corridor
- Columbia Pik e
- Shirlington
- Arlington outside activity centers
Alexandria
7.0
7.8
6.0
5.6
6.5
6.2
9.6
7.1
37.0
52.9
45.0
35.2
58.2
64.5
56.0
56.1
14.4
16.5
13.4
11.2
16.0
8.2
18.5
16.9
18.3
10.7
19.0
20.6
11.3
12.3
6.8
9.2
27.5
16.6
19.7
29.2
12.1
13.9
15.1
15.9
2.5
3.3
2.9
3.8
2.4
1.1
3.6
1.9
2.6
4.1
2.7
2.0
3.9
4.0
5.4
4.0
12.8
21.6
17.4
10.9
21.2
19.3
26.1
22.1
13.60%
5.26%
Inner Suburbs
Fairfax County
Montgomery County
Prince Georges County
9.1
9.4
8.3
61.1
57.4
58.1
25.0
23.0
25.2
4.0
5.7
6.5
5.4
9.4
5.8
4.4
4.5
4.5
5.6
5.4
4.8
35.2
33.3
36.3
19.27%
18.89%
16.80%
Outer Suburbs
Loudoun County
Prince William County
Frederick County
Charles County
8.8
9.9
9.8
9.4
63.3
59.7
64.7
64.5
26.4
28.9
25.0
24.9
1.3
2.2
1.3
1.8
3.9
4.1
4.8
2.5
5.2
5.1
4.2
6.2
5.6
5.9
6.3
6.1
50.1
51.0
57.4
65.6
5.42%
8.13%
2.67%
4.50%
Regional Average VMT per HH
Arlington Ave HH VMT/Region Ave HH VMT
Arlington Metro Corridors HH VMT/Regional Average HH VMT
3.60%
34.19
63.18%
45.70%
updated - June 1, 2011
Uses expanded Arlington dataset with new regional weighting factors
Results updated only for Arlington
45

46. Office Building Study
Overall Study Purposes
• Learn about travel and parking behaviors and preferences of office
employees in commercial buildings.
• Provide staff and decision-makers with useful local data about
influences on travel and parking behaviors.
• Support a better understanding among the wider public about
transportation influences and outcomes, and their relationship to
Countywide objectives and national standards.
Priority interest
•
•
•
•
Building and neighborhood area travel profiles
Influences on mode split
Role of parking in trip generation and mode choice
Role of transportation options in economic competitiveness
46

47. Office Worker Travel Patterns by Station
Area
47

48. Resident Site Plan Building Study
• 16 buildings
• Voluntary online or paper survey
• 1,456 completes (overall response rate of
25% of adult residents)
• Full week of 24-hour garage data

49. Vehicle Trip Generation
Actual vs. Standard

50. Traffic Trends - Arterial Streets
Street
Segment
Street
Type
1996
2001
2006
2009
2011/2012
% Change
1996-2012
Lee Hwy Rosslyn
EW 6-lane
arterial
37,770
33,632
32,428
34,000
31,951
-15.4%
Wash. Blvd
– VA Sq.
EW 4-lane
arterial
20,469
19,478
18,069
NA**
17,500
-14.5%
Clarendon
Blvd.
EW 2-lane
1-way
arterial
13,980
14,199
14,539
13,080
13,292
-5.0%
Wilson Blvd.
- Clarendon
EW 2-lane
1-way
arterial
16,368
16,265
13,797
12,194
12,603
-23.0%
Arlington
Blvd.
EW 6-lane
arterial
55,865
63,272
60,223
62,000
65,259
16.8%
Glebe Road
- Ballston
NS 6-lane
arterial
35,230
39,409
35,900
33,000
31,000
-12.0%
G. Mason
Drive
NS 4-lane
arterial
20,002
22,578
23,386
22,824
20,518
2.3%
•No dicernable pattern of growth on the local road system over the 15 year period
** Location has no available data for 2009
50

51. Traffic Trends - Arterial Streets
Street
Segment
Street
Type
1996
2001
2006
2009
2011/2012
% Change
1996-2012
Columbia Pike
w/o Glebe
EW 5-lane
arterial
32,000
22,612
28,000
28,000
NA
-12.5%
Columbia Pike
e/o Wash.
Blvd.
EW 4-lane
arterial
NA
13,000
12,000
12,000
10,000
-23.0%
Glebe Rd. s/o
Columbia Pike
NS 4-lane
arterial
29,000
32,000
28,000
26,000
27,000
-6.0%
Hayes Street
n/o 15th St.
NS 6-lane
arterial
21,426
14,200
13,900
NA
13,540
-36.8%
S. Eads Street
n/o 18th St.
NS 4-lane
arterial
NA
9,140
8,270
NA
9,230
.98%
Jeff Davis Hwy
n/o Glebe Rd
NS 6-lane
arterial
52,000
NA
44,000
43,000
44,000
-15.4%
Arlington
Ridge Rd s/o
23rd Street
NS 2-lane
arterial
14,584
12,570
13,250
NA
13,680
- 2.3%
•No dicernable pattern of growth on the local road system over the 15 year period
51

52. Transit Ridership Trends –
Arlington-Related Trips
FY1996
Actual
FY 2001
Actual
FY 2006
Actual
FY 2009
Actual
FY2012
Actual
FY2013
Estimate
% Growth
Metrorail
Arlington
Stations
45,335,000
56,278,412
60,864,000
61,935,000
61,014,000
61,929,275
36.6%
Metrobus
Arlington
Routes
12,049,000
11,614,599
13,221,100
16,135,000
15,056,000
15,206,378
26.2%
VRE –
Crystal
City
567,000
586,069
992,600
998,903
1,142,000
1,154,800
103.7%
105,000
147,813
926,600
1,428,800
2,537,000
2,660,000
2,571%
58,076,000
68,626,893
76,004,300
81,916,996
79,749,000
80,990,453
39.6%
Arlington
Transit
(ART)
Total
Annual
Ridership
•2+% average annual growth across all transit services over the 17 year period
•40% of Virginia’s total annual transit ridership is from Arlington related trips
52

53. Growth in ART Local Transit Ridership
3,000,000
2,660,000
2,537,000
2,500,000
2,261,100
1,990,402
Annual Ridership
2,000,000
1,428,827
1,500,000
1,225,427
1,060,441
926,574
1,000,000
674,806
500,000
0
FY 05
FY 06
FY 07
FY 08
FY 09
FY 10
FY 11
FY 12
FY 13
Fiscal Year
53

54. Bicycle Usage on Trails – 2010 -2012
450000
400000
350000
300000
250000
2011
200000
2012
150000
100000
50000
0
Custis Bon Air
Custis Rosslyn
W&OD East
Falls Church
W&OD Bon Air
12% increase in selected trail use between 2011 and 2012
54

55. Bikeshare Usage
55

56. Lessons Learned –
Effectiveness Coordinated Development &
Transportation Strategies
•
Arlington’s strategies have yielded substantial economic, transportation, and
environmental benefits - allowing continued growth with less reliance on auto
trips, and more use of transit and other travel options.
•
It isn’t just one policy but many that contribute to enhanced performance such as:
–
–
–
–
–
Building mixed use environments with highest densities around transit stops
Expanding viable and attractive transportation options
Making user information readily available and providing ongoing education and encouragement
Sustaining and strengthening transportation demand management (TDM)
Actively managing parking
•
Sustaining community performance requires ongoing investments in infrastructure.
•
It’s not a short term commitment - to achieve the full benefits, it requires sustaining
and enhancing programs and policies over time
•
It also requires ongoing community and institutional exposure to/and assimilation of
best practices from other communities in the US and abroad
56

57. Areas for Further Investigation
• Improve trip generation guidance for urban transit-oriented mixed
use developments and neighborhoods
• Incorporate actual site and neighborhood level performance into
regional transportation models and project selection processes
(better data, better models, improved decision-making)
• Fully account for the supply and cost of parking in transportation
and community development
• Identify and document structural changes in the environment that
would alter the assumptions about community development and
transportation system use
57

58. Contact Information:
Dennis M. Leach, AICP
Director of Transportation
Arlington County Department of Environmental Services
Division of Transportation & Development
703-228-0588
dleach@arlingtonva.us
58