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~んですか
Situation 1
When asking for explanations of a situation.
どうしたんですか。
。。。ちょっと気分が悪いんです。
Here, んです is used to state the reason or
cause as an answer.
You can express your surprise about the
situation too.
もう宿題をしたんですか!?
ええ、明日がしめきり日ですから。
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~んですか
Situation 2
When the speaker asks for explanations
of the reason or the cause.
どうして遅れたんですか。
。。。バスが来なかったんです。
Here, んです is used to state the reason or cause as an answer
Note that んですか sometimes contains the
speaker’s surprise, suspicion, strong curiosity
etc, so inappropriate to use at times as you
might offend the listener.
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~んですか
Situation 4
When the speaker asks for information.
おもしろいデザインのくつですね。どこで買ったんですか。
。。。エドヤストアで買いました。
。。。エドヤストアで買ったんです。
。。。エドヤストアで買ったの。
~んです=~のです(in written)
This expression is used when you explain situation /
grounds / causes, ask / add reasons, ask for information,
confirm your assumption, surprise, discovery etc strongly.
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~んです
んです is used when stating the reason or cause as an
answer and also when the speaker adds the reason or the
cause to what he has stated. In other words, it is used when
(1) you want to ask about the person,
(2) you want to talk about your own situation.
どうして遅れたんですか。
。。。バスが来なかったんです
どうしたんですか。
。。。ちょっと気分が悪いんです。
毎朝、新聞を読みますか。
。。。いいえ、時間がないんです。
また、昼ごはんを食べたんですか!?
Asking for reason
Stating the reason
Asking for explanation
Stating the cause
Adding the reason
Careful that this can be
accusing depending on
your tone
Show surprise
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文型 – structure -
Plain forms of
Verb
い-adj
な-adjな
Nounな
+ んです(か)
With noun and な-adj, you need な
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~んですが、~
~んですが is used to introduce a topic. Often followed
by a request, an invitation or an expression seeking
permission.
が in this case is used to connect sentences lightly and
indicates hesitation and reservation on speaker’s side.
頭が痛いんですが、帰ってもいいですか。
来週友達とスキーに行くんですが、ミラーさんもいっ
しょに行きませんか。
日本語を習いたいんですが、いい先生を紹介していた
だけませんか。
お湯が出ないんですが。。。
NHKを見学したいんですが、どうしたらいいですか。
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たら with useful expressions
たらいいです = it would be nice if, I hope, I wish, you should
暖かいですから、春に日本に行ったらいいです。
It is warm, therefore, it would be nice if you go to Japan in spring.
何/どう/いつ/どこ/どうやって… たらいいですか。 = what/how/when/where/how
should I, would be good/nice to…
いつ日本に行ったらいいですか。
When should I/When would be nice to go to Japan?
パーティーに何を着たらいいですか・でしょうか。
What should I wear for the party?
たらどうですか/たらどうでしょうか = how about if, what if
(recommendation)
日本に行ったらどうですか。
How about if you go to Japan?
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たら with useful expressions
たらいいと思います = I think it is good if you …
いつ日本に行ったらいいと思いますか。
春、日本に行ったらいいと思います。
I think it is good if you go to Japan in Spring.
たらどうしますか = What will you do if…
じしんがきたら、どうしますか。
What will you do if the earthquake comes?
みたらどうですか/みたらどうでしょうか = how about if you try and
do (recommendation)
日本食を食べてみたらどうですか。
How about if you try and eat Japanese food to see what it is like.
みたらいいと思います = I think it’s good if you try…
この本を読んでみたらいいと思います。
I think it is good if you try and read this book.
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Another use of 「は」
「は」is used for marking the subject of the sentence.
In L17, you learned that you can use は for making the direct
object into the topic of a sentence.
会社の食堂で昼ごはんを食べます。
↓
昼ごはんは、会社の食堂で食べます。
You can make the direct object marked by が into the topic
of a sentence too.
カラオケが好きです。
↓
カラオケは好きです。
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Another use of 「は」
「は」is also used when you add reasons
using んです
- よくカラオケに行きますか。
- いいえ、あまり行きません。カラオケは好き
じゃないんです。
- 歌は、上手じゃないんです。
- 毎日、ピアノの練習があるんです。ですから
、カラオケに行く時間は無いんです。
You are focusing on ‘what’ you like/dislike/good・
bad at/have/don’t have.
This implies other things you may like or good at etc.
リスニング
会話
絵
輪
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タラ: Ed, what’s the matter?
エド: I am looking for some water. I feel a bit ill.
タラ: Oh, are you? Here you are.
エド: Oh, thank you very much.
タラ: Are you OK?
エド: Yes. I was practising Bon Festival dance till late last night.
タラ: Really? I would like to go to the Bon dance too, can I come (go) with you?
エド: Yes, of course. Oh, it will start soon. We are going to be late for Bon dance.
Let’s hurry!
タラ: Phew, we made it (in time). This place was a little far, wasn’t it?
エド: Isn’t it? Last year, everyone said that spacious place is better, so it
became farther.
タラ: That’s how it was. Oh, it’s starting. Let’s enjoy!
エド: Yes!
(After the Bon dance)
タラ: It was a fun, wasn’t it?
エド: Yes, it is.
タラ: Oh?
エド: What’s the matter?
タラ: There isn’t my purse. Maybe (たぶん), I dropped it.
エド: Well… Oh! Is that the one? Is it red one?
タラ: Yes, it is. Good… I just go (come) and pick it up.
エド: It was good, wasn’t it?
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ミア: I want to sell clothes which I don’t need, what should I do?
たかし: Well… there aren’t many charity shop in Japan. I think you can ask (it is
good if you ask) recycle shops or flea market, you know.
ミア: Are there flea markets? Sorry but would you be kind as to tell me where?
たかし: Well…, I think, I am pretty sure (たしか) that there was one in the temple
next Sunday.
ミア: In the temple?
たかし: Yes, there often are flea markets inside temples and inside shrines. It is
called ‘nomi no ichi’. Clothes that you don’t need is ‘furugi ichi’. Also there
are others, such as ‘furuhon ichi’ where sells old books, ‘kottō ichi’ where
sells old things, ‘tezukuri ichi’ where sells hand-made (てづくり) things.
ミア: I see… it sounds interesting. You can sell anything, can’t you.
たかし: Yes, it is interesting even just to look at them. Sorry but I don’t know
about recycle shops.
ミア: It’s OK. I think it will be found if I check on the internet.
たかし: Well then, let’ go to flea market next time.
ミア: I’m very looking forward to it!
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んです・のです
1. When checking your assumption
2. When showing your surprise, curiosity, discover something
3. When asking information
4. When you need an explanation of reason, situation
5. When you add your reason
6. When you accuse someone, situation
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んです・のです
7. When introducing a topic, asking a
favour/request/invitation/seeking a permission
8. When you remembered something
9. When commanding
10.When you are convinced, accept a situation
11.When you insist on something
12.When you rephrase something