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Luminaires – Module 1 Classification
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An overview of the key considerations in selecting luminaires. Module 1 - Classification
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Luminaires – Module 1 Classification
1.
Luminaires – An
Overview: Facts, Basics and Considerations Target Audience: Facility managers, Procurement managers, Technical managers, Maintenance managers and General Lighting enthusiasts Light-Ref.com The unbiased lighting reference source http://www.light-ref.com © 2012
2.
Luminaire Overview –
Objectives The purpose of this outline is to provide an overview and to familiarize the decision maker with the key considerations when evaluating a lighting solution Luminaire Overview Topics: a. Luminaire classification b. Luminaire technical aspects c. Luminaire functional aspects Light-Ref.com The unbiased lighting reference source http://www.light-ref.com © 2012 2
3.
Module 1 Luminaire Classification Light-Ref.com
The unbiased lighting reference source http://www.light-ref.com © 2012
4.
Luminaire – defined •
Luminaire also known as “Fixture” or “Light Fixture”. A device that projects, defuses and alters the light direction of a given light source. • Luminaire can also be referred to as “System” as it contains the light source, the housing, the electrical system and mains connectors, reflectors and shielding devices (louvres). Light-Ref.com The unbiased lighting reference source http://www.light-ref.com © 2012 4
5.
Luminaire – an
Illustration • Luminaires are purpose made according to a specific light source physical body to achieve increased light quality and accommodate given application attributes. • Illustrations of lighting applications could include Cold Storage lighting, Fashion Stores, Medical and Dental, Street lighting etc. Each application comes with a unique lighting technology, objectives and selection criteria. • Selection criteria could be Public Safety, when addressing food stores, Resilience when addressing Street light, Esthetics when addressing Fashion and Retail applications et al. Light-Ref.com The unbiased lighting reference source http://www.light-ref.com © 2012 5
6.
Luminaires – a
Classification • Luminaires are often categorized by 2 major classifications of prime usage: indoor or outdoor applications. • There are also special purpose lighting solutions like Marin lighting, Auto lighting, Anti Blast (Explosion Proof) , Under water or Special effects (theatrical) lighting; these systems will not be discussed in this overview. Safety lighting solutions will not be detailed either, while some lighting systems have a dual purpose abilities. Luminaire Indoor Outdoor Architectural & Public & Roads & Commercial Industrial Display & Flood Decorative Amenity Tunnels Hangers & Parking & Office Retail Cold Storage Street light Roads Tunnels Manufacturing Sports Light-Ref.com The unbiased lighting reference source http://www.light-ref.com © 2012 6
7.
Luminaires – Indoor
applications • In door luminaires some time overlap with outdoor solutions, in cases like of lighting beneath the canopy in a gas station et al. • Many lighting design considerations, system components and commercial considerations bear similar arguments for all solutions. Luminaire Indoor Outdoor Architectural & Public & Roads & Commercial Industrial Display & Flood Decorative Amenity Tunnels Hangers & Parking & Office Retail Cold Storage Street light Roads Tunnels Manufacturing Sports Light-Ref.com The unbiased lighting reference source http://www.light-ref.com © 2012 7
8.
Luminaire Indoor Commercial
- Office The majority of office illumination is mostly based on fluorescent technology combined with some ascent lighting like CFL, LED and halogen. These are usually low power systems (less than 100w) with ceiling at up to 4 meters height. Light-Ref.com The unbiased lighting reference source http://www.light-ref.com © 2012 8
9.
Luminaire Indoor Commercial
– Retail The majority of Indoor retail illumination is based on Fluorescent, Halogen, Metal Halide, Induction and CFL technologies. Prime considerations are quality light supporting the shopping experience, CRI as high as possible, maintenance is an factor. Ceiling can be at ~7 or even 10 meters height. In case of HID lamps hot restrike time is an issue. Light-Ref.com The unbiased lighting reference source http://www.light-ref.com © 2012 9
10.
Luminaire Indoor Industrial
– Hangars & Manufacturing The common lighting solutions are HID, Fluorescent and Induction. Prime considerations are high intensity illumination, energy costs, maintenance and relamping costs. Ceilings can be from ~7 meters (20 feet) to 10 meters (30 feet) or higher. Special luminaires are required for each lamp type due to unique lamp shape and dimensions. A typical luminaire type is Highbay. Light-Ref.com The unbiased lighting reference source http://www.light-ref.com © 2012 10
11.
Luminaire Indoor Industrial
– Cold Storage (-16 C) The popular solutions are Metal Halide, LPS and Induction. Prime considerations are maintenance and relamping costs. Ceiling can be from ~7 meters (20 feet) to 10 meters (30 feet) or higher. In many cases the HID ballast has to be mounted remotely, outside the cold storage hall. Depending on the organization of the hall various types of luminaires can be considered: flood, wallpack, flood et al. Advised light color is yellow for better visibility in frost mist. Light-Ref.com The unbiased lighting reference source http://www.light-ref.com © 2012 11
12.
Luminaire Indoor Industrial
– Architectural & Decorative A wide selection of technologies is available. Ranging from quality fluorescent (T4 & T3) to LED, Halogen, CMH, CFL et al. Prime considerations are light quality, light angle, system initial costs and maintenance. Luminaires are of various types, recessed, hidden, wall mount et al. This domain is less relevant for our discussion. Light-Ref.com The unbiased lighting reference source http://www.light-ref.com © 2012 12
13.
Luminaires – Outdoor
applications Out door lighting solutions have to address various considerations, including resilience to vandalism, maintenance costs, public safety by providing continuous lighting of pedestrian side walks and adherence to illumination standards of roads and motor ways. Additionally outdoor systems have to be reliable with proper IP protection from dust, rain and able to stand harsh weather conditions. Luminaire Indoor Outdoor Architectural & Public & Roads & Commercial Industrial Display & Flood Decorative Amenity Tunnels Hangers & Parking & Office Retail Cold Storage Street light Roads Tunnels Manufacturing Sports Light-Ref.com The unbiased lighting reference source http://www.light-ref.com © 2012 13
14.
Luminaire Outdoor Public
& Amenity: Parking & Sports • Parking Lots and Sports recreational areas warrant various types of luminaires suitable for various pole heights, light spread and intensity levels. • Key parameters would be illumination coverage, light beam orientation, resilience against vandalism, light quality and maintenance costs. • An example of an outdoor application is illumination of a shopping centre parking lot which uses “white light” to extend the shopping experience. Typical luminaire is of type “shoe box”. • Sport areas come with high power systems and in the range of 200W to 600W and higher. • A special light modeling is advisable to ensure proper light coverage and angle optimization while keeping to the minimum the number of poles and luminaires. Light-Ref.com The unbiased lighting reference source http://www.light-ref.com © 2012 14
15.
Luminaire Outdoor Public
& Amenity: Street light • Street light and residential areas usually utilise a low cost lighting, an HPS lamps. HPS lamps have a low quality “yellowish light”. A typical street light luminaire comes in a “cobra head” type shape. Alternatively, key outdoor locations would have a quality high cost white light system such as LED lamps, Induction or Philips SON lamps. • Prime consideration is orientation and light coverage with low maintenance costs. • Street luminaires are usually mounted on 4m to 7m height poles with various power from 50W to 150W HPS lamps. Street junctions can go up to 200-250W lights. • An issue for consideration is compliance with street lighting regulations in Europe (S-,CE- and Me-class) and in the USA. The luminaire should have the ability to adjust to various street configurations, street width, pole spacing/configuration and pole heights. Light-Ref.com The unbiased lighting reference source http://www.light-ref.com © 2012 15
16.
Luminaire Outdoor Roads
& Tunnels: Roads • Road lighting is usually characterized by high wattage light source, depending on road width and traffic volume. High poles dictate light sources of 250W to 400W. Extra height poles of over 10 meters may need even 600W lamps. • In regions with mist and fog a yellow lighting is advised for better visibility. • An issue for consideration is compliance with street lighting regulations in Europe (S- ,CE- and ME-class) and in the USA. • Luminaire should have ability to adjust to various street configurations, street width, pole spacing/configuration and pole heights. • Lighting street performance and optical measurement is required for various streets and roads. Road class ME5 Road Pavement class: R3 ME5 class: intended for drivers of motorized vehicles on traffic routes of medium to high driving speeds Light-Ref.com The unbiased lighting reference source http://www.light-ref.com © 2012 16
17.
Luminaire Outdoor Roads
& Tunnels: Tunnels • Key criteria for tunnel lighting is maintenance costs. It is not unusual to witness closing costs for relamping in magnitude of $100,000 per hour for toll tunnels. • The luminaire has to sustain toxic CO2 gas as well as hazardous environment without failure. • Luminaire types are usually flat or wall packs. Some may consider blast proof grade of luminaires for longevity and reliability. Immediate hot restrike is an issue. Today known systems with longest service life are Induction and LED light solutions. Light-Ref.com The unbiased lighting reference source http://www.light-ref.com © 2012 17
18.
Luminaire Outdoor Display
& Flood • Flood type luminaires are common for outdoor applications. Major concern is luminaire grade for superb illumination quality, technical specifications and overall system maintenance due to high ground locations. • Colored illumination might be a consideration as well. Light-Ref.com The unbiased lighting reference source http://www.light-ref.com © 2012 18
19.
The End Luminaires by
Light-Ref.com Light-Ref.com The unbiased lighting reference source http://www.light-ref.com © 2012