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2. Define anthropology, sociology and political science
Describe the goals of anthropology, sociology and
political science
Appreciates the value of anthropology, sociology,
and political science as a social science

4. WHAT IS SOCIAL SCIENCES?

5.  It is the discipline under which identity, culture,
society, and politics are studied.
 Are comprised of a wide array of disciplines that studies the
overall function of a society as well as with interactions
among individual members of an institution.

6. There are fields of Social science. These
are;
1. Anthropology
2. Sociology
3. Political Science

7. Anthropology
- is a behavioral science that The components,
characteristics, functions, modes of adaptation of
culture as well as cultural value and practices are
studied in Anthropology.

8. - The word anthropology is derived from two Greek
words “logos” which means Study and “anthropo”,
which means man.

9. Sociology
- is a behavioral science that deals with the study of
society. The origin, evolution, characteristics and
functions, dimensions and basic social functions are
studied in sociology. The word Sociology was derived
from two

10. -terms; “logos”, which means study or science;
and “socius”, which means group or partners.

11. Political science
- It deals with the study of politics or
government. it also deals with the foundations
of state and the principles of government.
The various forms of government, their
structures and their relationship to other
institution

12. Goals of Anthropology, Sociology and
Political Science.

13. 1. Goals of Anthropology
Look at one’s own culture more objectively like an
outsider.
Discover what makes people different from one
another to understand and preserve diversity.
Discover what people have in common
Produce new knowledge and new theories about
humankind and human behavior.

14. 2. Goals of Sociology
 Obtain theories and principles about the society and aspects
of human life.
 Study the nature of humanity which leads to examining our
roles in the society.
 Appreciate that all things are interdependent with other.
 Expose our minds on the perspectives in attaining the truth.

15. 3. Goals of Political Science
Education for citizenship
Essential parts of liberal education
Knowledge and understanding of government.

16. There are five rationales for studying Anthropology. These are
follows:
 Anthropology broadens your horizon and changes your
perspectives.
 Anthropology is relevant.
 Anthropology is useful
 Anthropology helps us to deal with complexity
 Anthropology is interesting

17. There are (10)rationales for studying Sociology These are
follows:
 Sociology makes you a different person from the rest.
 Sociology helps us understand that individuality and in dependence
are highly valued in our society.
 As a discipline, Sociology involves the description and explanation of
social structures and processes
 Sociological research also reveals the multifaceted nature of social
reality, its multiple causes and multiple effects.
 By studying Sociology, we can become aware of underlying social
dimensions in political, economic and legal systems.

18.  Understanding social behavior and social processes are important in a
democratic country.
 Sociology tell us that health is a human right.
 Sociology tell us that religion and technology are also human forms of
expressions.
 Sociology tell us that education contributes to the development of
individual’s capacitiesn for active participation in community life.
 Sociology provides valuable information about race and its impact to
p-resent

19. There are (4) Rationales for studying Political Science. They are
as follows;
 Political science deepends knowledge and understanding of
students in the field of government and politics.
 Political science trains students to develop critical skills.
 Political science helps students to obtain practical knowledge
and insights on political issues. It has been called “Queen Of
the science.”
 Political science helps the students to understand why people
behave the way they do politically.

20. Direction: Answer the entire question below to enhance
and extend your knowledge in our topic or in your
subject. Use the answer sheet provided at the next
pages of this module. Copy and Answer.
1. Why do you think this subject/ course is offered to
senior high school students? give five (5) main reasons.
2. Change happens anytime and anywhere. Do you
Agree or Disagree? Why?

21. I have learned that _ .
I have realized that .
I will apply _.

22. For Students: If you plan to get married soon, where
do you want your spouse to come from? (in the same
neighborhood, in the same barangay of the same
town or city, in another province, region, or island)
support your answer.

23. Thank you

24. Direction: Identify the terms being referred to in the following
statements.
1. It helps the students to understand why people behave the
way they do politically.
2. This discipline involves the description and explanation of
social structures and processes.
3. It is a behavioral science that deals with the study of
human culture.
4. It deals with the study of society.
5. The meaning of the word “anthropo”

25. Understanding Culture, Society and
Politics.
Week: 2

26. OBJECTIVE: At the end of this module, the students
should be able to:
1. Define Culture and Society
2. Identify the aspect of culture and society.
3. Recognize the value of Anthropology and Sociology

27. Beliefs
Culture
Food
Languages

28. Community
Society
Family
Languages

29. Government
Politics
Policy
Rights

30. Society is a group of people living together in a
definite territory, having a sense of belongingness,
mutually interdependent of each other, and follows a
certain way of life.
It is a group of people sharing a common culture.

31. Culture – is a dynamic medium through which
societies create a collective way of life reflected
in such a things such as beliefs, values, music,
literature, art, dance, science, religion, ritual
technology and others.

32. Anthropological perspectives on cultures
and Society.
1. The Evolutionist-Intellectual Perspective
Proponent are: Edward Burnett Tylor, Johann Jakob
Bachofen and James G. Frazer
According to them Death and the belief in the soul
soul and the spirits play important roles in this
perspective.

33. 2. The French Sociology School
Proponents are: Emile Durkheim and his
followers(including Robert Hertzand Marcell
Mauss
They investigated the mechanisms by
societies sustain and reproduce themselves.

34. 3. The British Functionalist School
Proponents are: Bronislaw Malinowski
He considered the anxiety caused by the
rationally uncontrollable happenings as
the basic motivation for the emergence
of religious faith.

35. -He suggested that religion was not
born of speculation and illusion, but rather
out of the real tragedies of human life, out
of the conflict between human plans and
realities.

36. The existence of strong personal
attachments and the fact death, which all
of human events id the most upsetting and
disorganizing to man’s calculations, are
perhaps the main sources of religious
belief.

37. Arnold Radcliffe-Brown according to him in
the case of certain rights, it would be easy
to maintain… that they give men fears and
anxieties from which they would otherwise
be free-“ The fear of black magic or of
spirits, fear of God, of the devil, of Hell”

38. (1) STRUCTURAL FUNCTINALISM AND SOCIAL ORDER
The structural- functionalism school of thought looks
at social “order.” It argues that society is made
possible by cooperation and interdependence. -The
health and condition of the entire system is
dependent on these two processes of functions and
interdependence.
This theory operates on the assumption that society
is stable and orderly system. Structural functionalists
consider culture as a glue that binds society together,
leading to social order.

39. (2) CONFLICT THEORY AND CONFLICT
 The Marxist- inspired perspective on the question of
society looks at the other side of the issue. Instead of
putting importance to social order, the conflict perspective
sees society as an area. Social actors are gladiators fighting
for their very lives. The winner takes the reward s and is
assured of freedom.
 It assumes that there is a constant power struggle among the
various social groups and institutions within the society.
 Conflict theorists study the culture of “dominant classes” and
analyze how this culture is imposed on other classes. The
effective domination of this class facilitated by culture brings
about social order.

40. (3) SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONISM AND MEANING MAKING
 Symbolic interactionism explores the issues of meaning-
making and why this is crucial in understanding order or
conflict as processes that brought about society.
 Meanings cannot be derived easily at it is lodge on and
ascribed to symbols – anything that can stand as
representation of something.
 It views individual and group behavior and social interactions
as defining features of society. Symbolic interactionists believe
that culture provides shared meanings to the members of
society. The more meanings are shared, the more society
ensures social order.

41. Definition of terms

42.  Culture defined as ‘’that complex whole which
encompasses beliefs, practices, values, attitudes, law,
norms, artifacts, symbols, knowledge and everything
that a person learns and shares as a member of
society.
Culture Is Everything- It is what a person has, does
and thinks as part of society. This implies all of
persons belief system, set of behaviors and material
possessions.
Material Culture- includes all tangible and visible
parts of culture, which includes clothes, foods and
even buildings.

43. Culture Is Learned- culture is set of beliefs, attitudes
and practices that an individual learns through his or
her family, school, church and other social institutions

44. Culture Is Shared- This implies that a particular
behavior cannot be considered as a culture if there is
only one person practicing it. Culture is shared
intergenerational
Culture Affects Biology - Humans are born into
cultures that have values on beauty and body. As
such, they alter their bodies to fit physiological
norms that are dictated by their culture.
Culture Is Adaptive - Culture is a tool for survival that
humans use in response to the pressures of their
environment.

45. Culture Is Maladaptive - Culture can also
cause problems for the people who subscribe
to it. These problems arise when environment
is change and culture has remained the same.
Culture Changes - The final characteristic of
culture it is never static. This dynamism of
culture is due to changing needs of humans as
they interpret and survive in their environment

46. aspects of culture are:
Culture Is Everything
Culture Is Learned
Culture Is Shared

47. aspects of Society are:
Culture Affects Biology
Culture Is Adaptive
Culture Is Maladaptive
Culture Changes

48. SCRAMBLED WORD CLUES ANSWER
LGEUAGAN
Set of spoken symbols for
combining those symbols in
meaningful ways.
ELBIXEFL
Willing to change or to try
different things.
TIONARUTENCUL
Individual learns the
traditional content of a
culture.
TEGINRATED
Having different parts
working together as a unit.
DAPEVITA
Having capacity for a
tendency toward
adaptation.
Direction: Guess the scramble word by basing on the given clues. And try to discuss with
your own understanding. Write your answer on an extra sheet of paper and attach your
answer. Copy and answer