Threat Sharing for Human Rights
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This document discusses threat information sharing to strengthen human rights. It defines threat information as knowledge that can help protect against harm, such as attack indicators, tactics, and security alerts. Threat information is created through detection, analysis, and data collection. It is important to share selectively based on trust and whether the information will help others defend themselves. Information can be shared with threat researchers, practitioners, and at-risk communities and groups through a "traffic light" framework. The document proposes making threat information more actionable by informing risk management, creating awareness materials from research reports, and data-driven defense improvements.
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Threat Sharing for Human Rights
- 1. Threat Sharing for Human Rights A look at how we can strengthen our communities by sharing information Megan DeBlois, June 2020
- 2. What we’ll cover … ● What is threat information? ● How is it produced and created? ● Who shares? And with whom? ● Ideas around how to make it more actionable Photos by unsplash, credit to @jurrehoutkamp
- 3. Who am i? ● Based in California ● Part-time grad student at the University of Oxford https://megdeb.github.io/mydissertatio n/tabs/about/ ● Also work at Internews as an InfoSec Advisor and Technologist ● Side project: https://covid19apptracker.org My fabulous pup to keep you awake
- 4. What is threat information?
- 5. Threat Information … “Information related to a threat that might help an organization protect itself against a threat or detect the activities of an actor.” - NIST Guide to Cyber Threat Information Sharing ???? ????
- 6. Threat Information … Knowledge or data that can help you protect yourself, your organization, or your community against someone who is attempting to cause harm. - My Definition
- 7. Threat Information … Knowledge or data that can help you protect yourself, your organization, or your community against someone who is attempting to cause harm. - My Definition - Indicators of an attack - TTPs, or tactics, techniques and procedures - Security alerts, advisories and bulletins - Threat intelligence reports - Tool configurations (e.g., instructions on how to install a tool to extract and remove malicious .apks from an Android phone) - Countermeasures
- 8. Category Description An example of being operationalized Indicators of compromise Data observed in the system that is highly indicative that an attack has happened or is likely to happen ● Block lists, blocking IPs and domains in your firewall configuration (e.g., using OpenDNS) ● File hashes of known malicious things ● SSH Fingerprints, Email Addresses, and more! Tactics, techniques, and procedures Attack patterns and methods the adversary uses to carry out their operations. ● Creating a YARA rule based on the attack pattern identified Security alerts, advisories, and bulletins Information about a security concern that describes: - what happened, - why it’s important, and - an action a user should take ● Sharing alerts over a closed Signal, WhatsApp, or Wire group. Threat research reports A more detailed document outlining how an attack happened, indicators users should look out for, and more information about the attack(s). ● Creating case studies to use in training or awareness materials. Tool configurations Details around how to configure a security tool to effectively protect your system. ● Setting up a tool utilizing the configuration relevant to your industry or community. Countermeasures Defensive measures to take against a particular attack. ● Training users in your community how to enable two-factor authentication for greater account protection..
- 9. How do we create threat info?
- 10. Critical pieces to the threat sharing puzzle … Trust Threat Detection Photos by unsplash, credit to @olloweb
- 11. A Threat is Detected … now what? ● Sample collection (if possible) ○ Full Email Headers ○ Suspicious File ○ Logs ● Triage Analysis ○ As quickly as you can, find as many indicators ● Deeper Technical Analysis ○ This sometimes leads to more indicators ● Capturing Insights and Trends through Data ● So when to share?
- 12. Will the information help protect or defend?
- 13. Who do we share it with?
- 14. A game of tetris …
- 16. Threat Researchers & Analysts Community Researchers Amnesty International Human Rights Watch Electronic Frontier Foundation eQualit.ie Citizen Lab DSL Ukraine Media Diversity Institute Armenia Quirium Internews TibCERT Fundacion Karisma MISP Freedom of the Press And more! Private Sector: AV companies, Cybersecurity Firms, Platforms and Services First Responders / Practitioners Some members of the CiviCERT Community (www.civicert.org) Rapid Response Networks Some of the Researchers and Analysts (listed above) Beneficiaries Civil Society Human Rights Groups Media Organizations At Risk Individuals: Journalists, Activists, HRDs Producers Beneficiaries, First Responders, Threat Researchers Consumers Private Sector: Platforms (Microsoft, Google. Facebook, etc.) Cybersecurity Firms Antivirus Companies Threat Researchers & Analysts First Responders Practitioners The People
- 17. Joint Research ● Backstop partner organizations who are interested in doing research ● Support technical capacity to do the research ● Review any additional support ● Private sector share where possible and appropriate ● Partner organization leads community sharing Direct Research ● Support direct threat research and threat analysis internally (e.g., phishing and malware analysis) ● Private sector where possible and appropriate ● Community sharing where actionable (with specific organizations) Our Approach
- 18. What ideas do we have to make it more actionable?
- 19. Threat Sharing --> Action Goal: Better defense and greater protections against targeted attacks. ● Data Driven - we’re not talking big data, Anything that helps us gain more knowledge around attack methods and mitigations that address them ● Inform your Risk Management Decisions, Processes, Practices. ● Transform into Awareness Raising and Training Materials ● Publish excellent threat research reports (hat tip to Fundacion Karisma, Quirium, Amnesty, Human Rights Watch, EFF, CitLab, and others!) ● And more!
- 20. More Ideas?