4. Age-adjusted prevalence of physician-diagnosed diabetes in Adults age 18 and older by race/ethnicity and sex (NHANES: 1999-2004). Source: NCHS and NHLBI. NH – non-Hispanic.
18. Probability of Death From CHD in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes With or Without Previous MI
19. Framingham Heart Study 30-Year Follow-Up: CVD Events in Patients With Diabetes (Ages 35-64) 10 9 20 11 9 6 38 19 3* 30 0 2 4 6 8 10 Age-adjusted annual rate/1,000 Men Women Total CVD CHD Cardiac failure Intermittent claudication Stroke Risk ratio P <0.001 for all values except * P <0.05. Wilson PWF, Kannel WB. In: Hyperglycemia, Diabetes and Vascular Disease. Ruderman N et al, eds. Oxford; 1992.
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23. The Metabolic Syndrome Insulin Resistance Hypertension Type 2 Diabetes Disordered Fibrinolysis Complex Dyslipidemia TG, LDL HDL Endothelial Dysfunction Systemic Inflammation Athero- sclerosis Visceral Obesity Adapted from the ADA. Diabetes Care. 1998;21:310-314; Pradhan AD et al. JAMA. 2001;286:327-334.
24. Revised ATP III Metabolic Syndrome Oct 2005 *Diagnosis is established when 3 of these risk factors are present. † Abdominal obesity is more highly correlated with metabolic risk factors than is BMI. ‡ Some men develop metabolic risk factors when circumference is only marginally increased. <40 mg/dL <50 mg/dL or Rx for ↓ HDL Men Women > 102 cm (>40 in) > 88 cm (>35 in) Men Women 100 mg/dL or Rx for ↑ glucose Fasting glucose 130/ 85 mm Hg or on HTN Rx Blood pressure HDL-C 150 mg/dL or Rx for ↑ TG TG Abdominal obesity † (Waist circumference ‡ ) Defining Level Risk Factor
25. International Diabetes Federation Definition: Abdominal obesity plus two other components: elevated BP, low HDL, elevated TG, or impaired fasting glucose
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32. Prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome Among US Adults NHANES 1988-1994 Age (years) Ford E et al. JAMA . 2002(287):356. 1999-2002 Prevalence by IDF vs. NCEP Definitions (Ford ES, Diabetes Care 2005; 28: 2745-9) (unadjusted, age 20+) NCEP : 33.7% in men and 35.4% in women IDF: 39.9% in men and 38.1% in women Prevalence (%) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69 > 70 Men Women
33. Prevalence of the NCEP Metabolic Syndrome: NHANES III by Sex and Race/Ethnicity Prevalence, % Men Ford ES et al. JAMA 2002;287:356-359. Women 25% 16% 28% 21% 23% 26% 36% 20% White African American Mexican American Other
34. Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) and Total Mortality: US Men and Women Ages 30-74 (age, gender, and risk-factor adjusted Cox regression) NHANES II Follow-Up (n=6255)(Malik and Wong, et al., Circulation 2004; 110: 1245-1250 ) * p<.05, ** p<.01, **** p<.0001 compared to none * *** *** *** ** *** *** *** *** *** ***