A short briefing of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

1. Khulna University of Engineering and Technology, Khulna
Course Title : Advanced Wireless Communication
Course Code: EE 6511
Discussion on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
Presented By,
Md. Zubayer Islam
Roll No: 2003573
Dept. of EEE, KUET
Course Instructor
Dr. Mostafa Zaman Chowdhury
Professor
Dept. of EEE, KUET

2. Outline
• Introduction
• History
• SUB-System of UAV’s
• Components UAV
• Sensors
• Power Source
• UAV Vs. Manned aircraft
• Usages of UAV
• Advantages
• Disadvantages

3. Introduction
• An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV),known as a drone,
is an aircraft without a human pilot.
• UAVs are a component of an unmanned aircraft system
(UAS); which include a UAV, a ground-based controller,
and a system of communications between the two
• They originated mostly in military applications, their use is
rapidly expanding to commercial, scientific, recreational,
agricultural, and other applications

4. History
• The earliest attempt at a powered unmanned aerial vehicle was A.M.
Low’s “Aerial Target ” of 1916.
• After world war-I, including the first scale Remote Pilot Vehicle,
developed by the film star and model airplane by R. Denny in 1935.
• The birth of U.S. UASV’s began in 1959 when United State Air force
offers , concerned about losing pilots over hostile territory.

5. SUB-System of UAV’s
Navigation :
1. Avionics use satellite based system such as GPS
2. It calculate position automatically.
COMMUNICATIONS:
1. Operates on ultra high frequency
2. Operates with uplink frequencies from 15.15 to 15.35 GHz
and downlink frequency 14.40 GHz to 14.83 GHz
Monitoring :
1. Includes GPS system.
2. High resolution video camera
3. Super high resolution still camera

6. SUB-System of UAV’s (Contd.)
Collision avoidance system:
1. Use traffic and collision system
2. Smaller aircraft use simple traffic alerting system
3. Aircraft use ground proximity warning system
Weather system :
Use whether radar and lighting detector system

7. Components of UAV
• Electronic Speed Controller
• Inertial Measurement Unit
• Brushless motor
• Global Positioning Service (GPS)
• Telemetry
• Flight Controller
• Camera
• Software's

8. Sensors
• Primarily oceanographic tools, AUVs carry sensors
to navigate autonomously and map features of the
ocean.
• Typical sensors include compasses, depth sensors, sides can and
other sonars, magnetometers, thermistors and conductivity probes. A
demonstration at Monterey Bay in California in September 2006
showed that a 21-inch (530 mm) diameter AUV can tow a 400 feet
(120 m) long hydrophone array while maintaining a 6-knot (11 km/h)
cruising speed.

9. Power Source
• Most AUVs in use today are powered by rechargeable batteries (lithium ion,
lithium polymer, nickel metal hydride etc.), and are implemented with some form
of Battery Management System.
• Some vehicles use primary batteries which provide perhaps twice the
endurance—at a substantial extra cost per mission. A few of the larger vehicles
are powered by aluminum based semi-fuel cells, but these require substantial
maintenance, require expensive refills and
produce was e product that must be handled safely
• An emerging trend is to combine different battery and power systems with super
capacitors.

10. UAV Vs. Manned aircraft
• Remotely piloted vehicles will never fully replace manned aircraft
• They can perform an increasingly sophisticated array of missions due to
their small size and decreased radar.
• To wholly replace man would be expensive and technically risky.
• UAS should be only considered for certain types of missions for which it
can be a cost effective
• With a continuing trend of miniaturization in electronics, the UAV can be
made much smaller and cheaper
• Size largely determined by the size of the payload,

11. Usages of UAV
• In counter terrorism activity
• In commercial aerial surveillance
• In oil, gas and mineral exploration & production
• In scientific research
• Finding deep mine into the sea.
• Rescue operation in the sea.
• In search & rescue
• In transport
• In armed attacks

12. Advantages
• Does not contain, or need, a qualified pilot on board
• Reduces the exposure risk of the aircraft operator
• Performing visual or thermal imaging of a region
• Can enter environments that are dangerous to human life
• Measuring cell phone, radio, or, TV coverage over any terrain
• Can be programmed to complete the mission autonomously even when
contact with its gas is lost

13. Disadvantages
• Cannot Refuel In Flight
• Can Be Hacked Or Given Viruses
• Low Resistance To Weather
• If Connection Is Lost With The Ground Station,
The Vehicle May Be Lost.
• Too Small For Transportation Of Materials
• Angers Many People In Foreign Countries