Vectors associated with different diseases are mentioned. Thier charecteristics, Control is mentioned. Image based identification of vectors are discribed.

1. BY
Dr. Mayur Sayta
www.mayursayta.com

4. ANOPHELES EGG
Anopleles lays her eggs singly
Eggs are boat-shaped eggs are having lateral floats
Disease Transmitted - Malaria

5.  100 to 250 eggs at a time
 Life cycle from eggs to adult takes 7 to 10 days
in favorable conditions
 Adult mosquito lives for about 2 wks

6. CULEX EGGS
 Culex lays her eggs in small cluster or rafts
 Do not posses lateral floats
 Disease transmitted – Bancroftian filariasis, JE, West nile fever, Viral
Arthritis

7. CULEX EGGS
 breeds profusely in dirty water & all type water collections
 Reasons for increased breeding – Rapid urbanization and
industrialization without adequate drainage facilities

8. AEDES EGGS
 Eggs are cigar-shaped
 Do not possess lateral floats
Disease transmitted – Yellow fever, dengue,
DHF, Chikungunya fever

9. AEDES EGGS
 Eggs are cigar-shaped
 Do not possess lateral floats

10. ANOPLELES LARVA
 Rest parallel to water surface
 No siphon tube
 Palmate hair present on abdominal segment
 Control – Environmental – Source reduction, Chemical – Mineral Oil,
diesel , Paris Green, Synthetic insecticides – Abate ( 1 ppm), Biological –
Gamusia fish

11. AEDES LARVA
• Suspended in water with Head downwards
• One siphon tube towards air

12. CULEX LARVA
Suspended in water, siphon tube is present

13. ANOPHELES PUPA
• Comma shaped, rounded cephalothorax, narrow abdomen.
• Two trumpets projected from thorax
• Resting stage
• Lasts for 1 – 2 days
Ades Pupa

14. AEDES PUPA
• Palp short
• Comma shaped, rounded cephalothorax, narrow abdomen.
• Two trumpets projected from thorax

15. CULEX PUPA

16. ANOPHELES MOSQUITO
 At rest inclined at an angle to surface
 Wings are spotted

17. AEDES MOSQUITO
• White stripes on Black body “ Tiger Mosquito”
• Females are fearless biters
• Chiefly bites during day time. They do not fly for longer than 100
metres

18. CULEX MOSQUITO
• Wings are unspotted
• No white stripes on body
• Strong winged mosquito, fly up to 11 kms, peak biting time is mid night

19. HOUSEFLY
• Musca domestica
• It’s a sign of insanitation
• It’s the potential vectors for typhoid, paratyphoid fever,
diarrhoea, amebiasis, poliomyelitis, conjunctivitis, trachoma,
anthrax

20. Eggs – pearly white
• About 1 mm long
• 600 to 900 eggs
during life time
• Hatch within 3 hours
Larva
• They are white and
segmented
• Narrow anterior
end broad
posterior end
• Up to 12 mm
• Lasts for 2 to 7
days
Pupa – Dark brown and barrel shaped

21. SANDFLY
• Smaller than mosquito, wings are up right, lanceolate in
shape
• Legs are larger than body
• Bite is irritating and painful
• Phlebotomus argentipes – Kala azar
• Phlebotomus papatasii – sandfly fever, Oriental sore

22. RAT FLEA ( X.Cheopis)
• Small, bilaterally compressed, wingless insects
• Blood sucking ecto-parasites
• Disease – Plague, Endemic & murine Typhus, Chiggerosis,
hymenolepsis diminuta
• Mode of transmission – Biting ( Blocked fleas play important
role to spread plague
• Control – DDT, diazinon, malathion, Repellents, Rodent control

23. SAND FLEA
• Seen in tropical regions of Africa and America
• Fertilised female burrows into the skin of the feet and
causes ulcers
• Tetanus and gas gangrene occurs because of secondary
bacterial infection

24. LOUSE (LICE)
• Head and body louse
• Disease transmitted – Epidemic typhus, relapsing fever, Trench fever, Dermatitis
• Spread – Direct contact, Clothing, Bedding, Combs
• Control – Malathion, Frequent washing of hair, body with soap and water

25. HARD TICKS
Oval in shape, thorax and abdomen is not separated , 4 pairs of Leg
Life cycle – Egg, Larva, Nymph, Adult
Disease – Tick Typhus, Viral Enchaphalitis, Tularemia, Tick paralysis, Human
babesiosis
Control – DDT, Malathion, Cracks in buildings and paths should be filled up,
Protective clothing in working environment, careful examination daily

26. SOFT TICKS
• Disease transmitted – Q fever, Relapsing fever, Kyasanur forest disease
• Lives longer than Hard tick – 9 to 10 months
• Can stand starvation for a year or more

27. ITCHMITE
• Small globular parasite
• Shaped like tortoise, rounded above and flattened below
• Spread – through close contact, contaminated Clothes
• Disease – Scabies
• Control – Benzyl Benzoate, Benzene hexachloride, Tetmosol, Sulphur
ointment

28. CYCLOPS (WATER FLEA)
• Tiny Arthropod, not more than 1 mm
• Disease – intermediate host for dracunculiasis or guinea worm disease
• Control – Filtering water, Boiling, Chlorine, gambusia fish
• Permanent control – Abolition of step wells