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Subject :- Physics
(Science)
Presented by:- Mayur
Godbole
FRICTION – IS THE FORCE RESISTING THE RELATIVE
MOTION OF SOLID SURFACES, FLUID LAYERS, AND/OR
MATERIAL ELEMENTS SLIDING AGAINST EACH OTHER.

                                          There are 5 types of
                                                   friction:
   Dry friction- it resists relative lateral motion of solid surfaces (in
contact). It is sub-divided into static and kinetic friction.
    Fluid friction- it describes the friction between layers within a sticky
fluid that are moving relative to each other.
    Skin friction- it is the force resisting the motion of a solid body
(through a fluid).
    Lubricated friction- it’s a case of fluid friction where a fluid separates
two solid surfaces.
    Internal friction- it’s a force resisting motion between the elements
making up a solid material while it undergoes.
Friction is one of the important part of nature. It is
necessary for us, the frictional force act as a “natural
stopper” if a ball thrown on the ground go in
any/specific direction it stops after sometime; it stops
because of frictional force acting on it. Friction can be
used i n m a n y w a y s :-
  Due to friction no energy is destroyed (it act as a energy
   consumer).
  It is mostly used in converting kinetic energy into heat
energy.
  It is helpful for a person who is lost in a forest, it can be
used to
   generate fire on a wood.
  Due to friction only we can write on a paper.
FORCES    ARE ALSO DESCRIBED AS A PUSH OR PULL ON AN
OBJECT. THEY CAN BE DUE TO PHENOMENA SUCH AS GRAVITY,
MAGNETISM, OR ANYTHING THAT MIGHT CAUSE A MASS TO
ACCELERATE. SI UNIT OF FORCE IS NEWTON AND THE SYMBOL = F.


Different types of forces are:
 Magnetic force
 Frictional force
 Gravitational force
 Electrostatic force
 Normal force
Magnetic force-
     It is the force that attracts iron towards itself. We can see
magnetic force in magnet kept near iron pins.
Frictional force-
      Frictional force is the force that opposes motion between two
surfaces.
Gravitational force-
      The force that acts on the objects and pulls the objects
towards earth (due to gravity).
Electrostatic force-
      It is the force which
Normal force-
         It is a force that acts on an object experiencing 0 net
force, since his weight is balanced by a normal force exerted by the
ground.
Can you guess the following
forces:
             Which force is acting on the
             boy, after jump?

                           Which force is acting on
                           the rat ?




           If the person (who is
           cycling) stops paddling
           then, which force will
           act on the person and
           the bicycle?
Newton SI
                            Dyne          Kilo-pound         Pound force           Poundal
           unit

 1N      ≡ 1 kg · m/s²    = 105 dyne      ≈ 0.10197 kp        ≈ 0.22481 lbF        ≈ 7.2330 pdl



1 dyne     = 10−5 N       ≡ 1 g·cm/s²    ≈ 1.0197×10−6 kp   ≈ 2.2481×10−6 lbF   ≈ 7.2330×10−5 pdl



 1 kp    = 9.80665 N     = 980665 dyne      ≡ gn·(1 kg)       ≈ 2.2046 lbF        ≈ 70.932 pdl



1 lbF    ≈ 4.448222 N ≈ 444822 dyne       ≈ 0.45359 kp         ≡ gn·(1 lb)        ≈ 32.174 pdl



1 pdl    ≈ 0.138255 N    ≈ 13825 dyne     ≈ 0.014098 kp      ≈ 0.031081 lbF        ≡ 1 lb·ft/s²
How do we measure force?
We measure force by using an instrument
Know as force meter (Newton meter).

 Force usually act in pairs.
 Force acts in a particular direction.
 We measure force in newtons.
We can’t always
                                                          see the force.
                 We sometimes feel the
                 effects they have on things.

                                                           The balloon in the
                                                           picture is affected
                                                           by forces.




Forces can make things
                                                Forces can make
speed up.
                                                things slow down or
                                                stop.




When you hit a tennis                       A parachute can make an object
ball it speeds up.                          slow down because of air
                                            resistance.
Forces can make things change             You can use a
         direction.                                spanner to slacken
                                                   or tighten a nut.

             You can make a cricket ball
             change direction by hitting it with
             a bat.
                                                     Forces can make things
                                                     turn.




Forces can make
things change shape.




If you squeeze or kick a football, it              Forces are every where
will be compressed.                                !

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Physics force

  • 2. FRICTION – IS THE FORCE RESISTING THE RELATIVE MOTION OF SOLID SURFACES, FLUID LAYERS, AND/OR MATERIAL ELEMENTS SLIDING AGAINST EACH OTHER. There are 5 types of friction: Dry friction- it resists relative lateral motion of solid surfaces (in contact). It is sub-divided into static and kinetic friction. Fluid friction- it describes the friction between layers within a sticky fluid that are moving relative to each other. Skin friction- it is the force resisting the motion of a solid body (through a fluid). Lubricated friction- it’s a case of fluid friction where a fluid separates two solid surfaces. Internal friction- it’s a force resisting motion between the elements making up a solid material while it undergoes.
  • 3. Friction is one of the important part of nature. It is necessary for us, the frictional force act as a “natural stopper” if a ball thrown on the ground go in any/specific direction it stops after sometime; it stops because of frictional force acting on it. Friction can be used i n m a n y w a y s :- Due to friction no energy is destroyed (it act as a energy consumer). It is mostly used in converting kinetic energy into heat energy. It is helpful for a person who is lost in a forest, it can be used to generate fire on a wood. Due to friction only we can write on a paper.
  • 4. FORCES ARE ALSO DESCRIBED AS A PUSH OR PULL ON AN OBJECT. THEY CAN BE DUE TO PHENOMENA SUCH AS GRAVITY, MAGNETISM, OR ANYTHING THAT MIGHT CAUSE A MASS TO ACCELERATE. SI UNIT OF FORCE IS NEWTON AND THE SYMBOL = F. Different types of forces are: Magnetic force Frictional force Gravitational force Electrostatic force Normal force
  • 5. Magnetic force- It is the force that attracts iron towards itself. We can see magnetic force in magnet kept near iron pins. Frictional force- Frictional force is the force that opposes motion between two surfaces. Gravitational force- The force that acts on the objects and pulls the objects towards earth (due to gravity). Electrostatic force- It is the force which Normal force- It is a force that acts on an object experiencing 0 net force, since his weight is balanced by a normal force exerted by the ground.
  • 6. Can you guess the following forces: Which force is acting on the boy, after jump? Which force is acting on the rat ? If the person (who is cycling) stops paddling then, which force will act on the person and the bicycle?
  • 7. Newton SI Dyne Kilo-pound Pound force Poundal unit 1N ≡ 1 kg · m/s² = 105 dyne ≈ 0.10197 kp ≈ 0.22481 lbF ≈ 7.2330 pdl 1 dyne = 10−5 N ≡ 1 g·cm/s² ≈ 1.0197×10−6 kp ≈ 2.2481×10−6 lbF ≈ 7.2330×10−5 pdl 1 kp = 9.80665 N = 980665 dyne ≡ gn·(1 kg) ≈ 2.2046 lbF ≈ 70.932 pdl 1 lbF ≈ 4.448222 N ≈ 444822 dyne ≈ 0.45359 kp ≡ gn·(1 lb) ≈ 32.174 pdl 1 pdl ≈ 0.138255 N ≈ 13825 dyne ≈ 0.014098 kp ≈ 0.031081 lbF ≡ 1 lb·ft/s²
  • 8. How do we measure force? We measure force by using an instrument Know as force meter (Newton meter). Force usually act in pairs. Force acts in a particular direction. We measure force in newtons.
  • 9. We can’t always see the force. We sometimes feel the effects they have on things. The balloon in the picture is affected by forces. Forces can make things Forces can make speed up. things slow down or stop. When you hit a tennis A parachute can make an object ball it speeds up. slow down because of air resistance.
  • 10. Forces can make things change You can use a direction. spanner to slacken or tighten a nut. You can make a cricket ball change direction by hitting it with a bat. Forces can make things turn. Forces can make things change shape. If you squeeze or kick a football, it Forces are every where will be compressed. !