The document presents a business architecture method called CHOOSE for small businesses. CHOOSE models a business in four dimensions: know-why, know-who, know-how, and know-what. It uses a simple common denominator approach based on core descriptions of capabilities, activities, and resources. The method aims to help small businesses work efficiently on strategic issues with limited resources and IT skills.

1. FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Business architecture for small
businesses in four dimensions
The quest for know-how, know-why, know-what and know-who
Maxime Bernaert
Promoter: Prof. Dr. Geert Poels
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 12/03/2012

2. FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Draw your house
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 12/03/2012

3. FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 12/03/2012

4. FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 12/03/2012

5. FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 12/03/2012

6. FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 12/03/2012

7. FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 12/03/2012

8. FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Draw your company
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 12/03/2012

9. FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 12/03/2012

10. FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 12/03/2012

11. Enterprise Architecture
FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 12/03/2012

12. Enterprise Architecture
FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 12/03/2012

13. TOGAF
FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 12/03/2012

14. Zachman
FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 12/03/2012

15. ArchiMate
FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 12/03/2012

16. Capgemini
Integrated Architecture Framework (IAF) FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 12/03/2012

17. Core DescriptionCARP
FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
realized performed
through Activity/ by Resource
Capability Process/ (Person/
Function System)
input/output
Resource
(Data)
25
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 12/03/2012

18. Benefits
FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
 All stakeholders
 Overview and viewpoints
 Documentation
 Analysis and optimization
 Change impact analysis
 Fit of ERP with business
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 12/03/2012

19. Importance of SMEs in U.S.
FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
 99,7% employer firms
 50% private-sector employees
 43% private payroll
 65% net new jobs from 1993-2009
 40% highly innovative firms
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 12/03/2012

20. Survival Rate of SMEs in U.S.
FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
100%
Survival Rate
70%
50%
33%
25%
0
2
5
10
15
Year
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 12/03/2012

21. Characteristics of SMEs
FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Characteristics of SMEs and their CEOs
1. Little space for strategic issues
2. Large demand within the enterprise for know-how transfer
3. Resource poverty
4. Lack of specialized IT knowledge and technical skills
5. CEO is the central figure
6. CEO makes the decision whether to adopt a new method or not
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 12/03/2012

22. Criteria for an EA method
FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Criteria for an Enterprise Architecture method
1. Time efficiently work on strategic issues
2. Process overview
3. Little external help
4. Limited IT skills necessary
5. CEO must be involved
6. Revenues > costs & risks
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 12/03/2012

23. Common Denominator?
FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Core Description
realized performed
through Activity/ by Resource
Capability Process/ (Person/
Function System)
input/output
Resource
(Data)
25
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 12/03/2012

24. CHOOSE
FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 12/03/2012

25. Modeling an SME with CHOOSE
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 25

26. Know-Why
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 26

27. Know-Who
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 27

28. Know-How
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 28

29. Know-What
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
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30. Integrated Model
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
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31. Evaluation
Criteria for an Enterprise Architecture method
1. Time efficiently work on strategic issues: goal tree, simple, incrementally
2. Process overview: process landscape
3. Little external help: 4 models, 1 symbol, software tools
4. Limited IT skills necessary: KISS, post-its or tools, business analytic skills
5. CEO must be involved: barrier for CEO has been lowered
6. Revenues > costs & risks: costs minimized, risk if not kept up-to-date
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 31

32. Future Work
Case studies (refine and validate method)
Tool support
Tool support testing
Link with ArchiMate
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 32

33. Android app
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
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34. Android app
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
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35. Android app
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 35

36. Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 36

37. Questions
Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maxime Bernaert and Geert Poels
Department of Management Information Science and Operations Management 37