Presentation on Open Textbooks

1. Open Textbooks:
Opening the doors
to education
Mary Burgess, Director, Open Education,
BCcampus

2. Agenda
• What is an Open Educational Resource?
• What is an Open Textbook?
• BC Open Textbook Project
• Food for thought
• Case Studies
Books image source https://www.flickr.com/photos/peskylibrary/352846113/ CC-BY-NC-SA

3. What is an OER?

4. Headline
What are Open Educational Resources?
“OER are teaching, learning, and research
resources that reside in the public domain or have
been released under an intellectual property license
that permits their free use and re-purposing by
others.”
William & Flora Hewlett Foundation
http://www.hewlett.org/programs/education-program/open-educational-resources

5. The 5 Rs of Opennessdoes open enable?
Thank You
• The right to make, own and control copies of the
Retain content
Reuse • The right to use the content in a wide range of ways
• The right to adapt, adjust, or modify the content
Revise itself
• The right to combine the original or revised content
Remix with other open content to create something new
• The right to share copies of the original content,
Redistribute your revisions, or your remixes with others
Source: David Wiley, http://opencontent.org/blog/archives/3221March 5, 2014, CC-BY

6. 6
Open Textbooks
Let’s get even more specific now, and talk about
Open Textbooks.
Image source: www.flickr.com/photos/austinevan/1225274637/

7. We have a problem…
Images from
http://www.openeducation.net/2009/09/17/beyond-textbooks-andy-chlup-discusses-digital-learning-models/
CC-BY and
http://markmcguire.net/2011/01/01/r-i-p-department-of-design-studies/ CC-BY-NC
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9. What students think of textbooks
•“The price of textbooks has influenced my decision to take classes. When
the same class is offered by three different instructors, I check which book
is the cheapest, and even though the professor might not be good, I’m
forced to take that class because the textbook is the cheapest.”
•“For my ‘Intro to Stats’ class, the usual cost of the textbook is like $120.
But then I got a copy from India for like $29. And it’s the exact same copy.”
•“I was in lab one day and the guy sitting next to me had the PDF version
of the book opened on his computer. And I was like, Oh, can I have a
copy? And he sent it over to me.”
•“I have a friend who actually didn’t spend any money last year for books
because he went to the library at the beginning of the quarter, borrowed
books, scanned everything, and had the PDF file.”
•“My most expensive class was clinical psych, because she writes the
textbook herself, and it has a new edition every semester or something
ridiculous. So it was like almost $200. And the thing is that you can’t use
the previous edition, because she changes it herself because she knows
the textbooks sell well. It’s like so manipulative.”
Students Get Savvier about Textbook Buying,
The Chronicle of Higher Education, January 2013
http://chronicle.com/article/Students-Get-Savvier-About/136827

10. There is a direct relationship between
textbook costs and student success
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60%+ do not purchase textbooks
at some point due to cost
35% take fewer courses due to
textbook cost
31% choose not to register for a
course due to textbook cost
23% regularly go without
textbooks due to cost
14% have dropped a course
due to textbook cost
10% have withdrawn from a
course due to textbook cost
Source: 2012 student survey
by Florida Virtual Campus

11. Fortunately, there are solutions…
Images from http://collegeopentextbooks.ning.com/page/adopt-1
CC-BY and http://classroom-aid.com/2011/12/07/why-dont-teachers-publish-their-own-textbooks-k12/
CC-BY-SA
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12. What is an Open Textbook?
• An instructional resource
• An ebook
• A printed book
• Usually uses a Creative Commons license to enable others
to further share and modify
Images from Bccampus.ca and CreativeCommons.org. CC-BY
12

13. The BC Open Textbook Project
13
Image from Bccampus.ca
60 Texts + ancillaries
First province in Canada

14. 14
Why are we doing this?Yhy are
we doing this project?
• To increase access to higher education
by reducing student costs
• To enable faculty more control over
their instructional resources
• To move the open agenda forward in a meaningful, measurable way
Images from Oxfam.org CC-BY and
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Daniel_Mietchen/Talks/World_Open_Educational_Resources_Congress_2012
/How_Open_Access_and_Open_Science_can_mutually_fertilize_with_Open_Educational_Resources CC-BY

15. The project:
• 40 Texts, aligned with the 40 most highly enrolled 1st and 2nd year
subjects in BC, plus 20 more for skills based programs
• Not just for online delivery
• Ebook (multiple formats) or print on demand
Image source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lecture_hall CC-BY
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16. Project Phases
Phase One – Harvest and Review
Phase Two – Adapt
Phase Three - Create

17. Phase One: Harvest and Review
Image source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvest CC-BY

19. Phase Two: Adapt
• Make use of what exists
• Improve what exists
No, not that kind of proposal…
No, it really, really isn’t easy
• Provide funding
• Provide support
Image source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/jaxed/285108485/ CC-BY
Image source: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1815-regency-proposal-woodcut.gif CC-BY

20. Phase Three: Create
What are some ways of doing this?
Faculty collaboratively authoring
Buy the rights from publishers
Book sprint

21. What about quality?
• Reviews – we’re relying on faculty
• Faculty Fellows Program
• Collaborations – peer support, idea generation, subject matter
expertise
• Supporting players: Instructional Designers,
Professional Editors
21
Images from http://fundermental.blogspot.ca/2011_09_01_archive.html
http://thevarguy.com/blog/visual-collaboration-next-var-opportunity-arrives
http://quotesweliveby.blogspot.ca/2010/08/quality-begins-on-inside-quality-quotes.html

22. Results
# of books in collection = 62
# of reviews = 50 reviews of 21 texts
Adaptations = 8
Sociology
Psychology
Social psych
Research methods in psych
Database design
Project management
Strategic management
Chemistry
Creations = 4
Canadian History
Canadian Geography
Criminology
English Lit
$ Known student savings = 262K +
$

23. Consider the following…
What would need to be in place for you to adopt an open
textbook?
• What do you need from your peers, your institution, your
discipline?
• What does the content of the text need to be?
• What does the textbook need to look like?
• What else?
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24. Talk amongst yourselves…
• What is the culture of your discipline? Would OER work be
accepted by your peers?
• Is collaboration valued at your institution?
• Is the creation of new work more highly valued at your
institution than the reuse or revision of existing work?
• To what extent do current institutional policies motivate
educators to invest at least a portion of their time in
ongoing curriculum design, creation of effective learning
environments and the development of high quality
instructional materials?
1st just you, then with a partner, then with your whole table…

25. 25
Case Studies
University of Massachusetts Amherst
OER initiative
• 8 faculty members
• 10 grants
• $1,000 each
2011-2012 academic year 700 students
Saved more than $72,000
20 more grants this year being
worked on.
Image from: http://www.library.umass.edu/about-the-
libraries/news/press-releases-2011/
taking-a-bite-out-of-textbook-costs

26. 26
Case Studies
Image from: http://www.tacomacc.edu
Tacoma Community College Liberate 250K
• Save students 250k on textbooks over 2 years
• Hired an OER librarian to help faculty

27. 27
Case Studies
Oregon State University Open Textbook Initiative
• 50k
• Published in 2014/15

28. Early Adopter and Adapter: Dr. Takashi Sato Physics KPU
Students: 60
Previous Textbook: $187
OpenStax Textbook: $0
Student savings: $11,200
1 class 1 institution 1 term

29. Next steps…
Want to get your feet wet? Start with a review, we
have 62 texts to choose from!
Image from http://pixabay.com/en/nature-water-blue-mood-from-above-203939/
public domain
Want to adopt an open textbook? You just need to give a link
to your students to get started.
Want to adapt one of the texts in our collection or create a new one
for one of our 2 areas of focus ? Send us an application!
If you’ve already started, we’d love to hear from you!
image from https://openclipart.org/detail/181693/woman-on-telephone-by-liftarn-181693 public domain

30. Questions?
http://open.bccampus.ca

31. Thanks!
mburgess@bccampus.ca
@maryeburgess