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Cyberbullying—A 21st
      Century Crisis
“I hate you and NOBODY likes you!!!”

                   “Vote YES here if you think Beatrice is
                   UGLY!”

“If I were as stupid as you, I wouldn’t show my
face at school.
POST MORE INSULTS HERE!”


 “I wish you would just DIE”
CYBERBULLYING occurs in…



Texting and Instant Messaging   Email                    Social Media




                   Blogs                Video Games & Chat Rooms
WORST
HOOKUP
MOST ATTRACTIVE
FACTS ABOUT CYBERBULLYING
 Although cyberbullying evolved from traditional bullying there are several differences:
Cyberbullying:
1.    Involves the victim being under constant distress (Williams & Godfrey, 2011).

2. Reaches a wider audience (Slonje & Smith, 2008).

3. Allows anonymity (Donegan, 2012).

4.    Allows the perpetrator to strike blows without seeing victims
     response (Donegan, 2012).


5.    Crosses demographic boundaries allowing minorities and
     disadvantaged to become perpetrators (Slonje & Smith, 2008)
     although generally the victims are unpopular with peers
     (Williams & Godfrey, 2011).
Today, in America…
 20.8% of students have been cyberbullyied.
 17% have been cyberbullyied in the past 30 days.
 13.3% have been cyberbullyied by rumors online.
 14.3% have been cyberbullyied by mean or hurtful
  comments online.
 7.2% have been threatened online.
Have been
                            cyberbullyied
                      62%   by another
                            student at
                            school

     Know of
someone who
    has been    65%
cyberbullyied

                            Admitted they
                            had
                            cyberbullyied
                      60%   another
                            student at
                            school
CYBERBULLYING
Bully




             Victim                   Environment




Adapted from Harvey et al., 2006
Bully




               Victim                  Environment




Adapted from Harvey et al., 2006
Biological/Personality                    Home                          Social

          • Brain differences             •   Bullying by siblings        • Need to gain power
          • Gene mutations                •   Abused                      • Need to be included;
          • Overly developed              •   Power Struggles               overly concerned
            immune system                 •   Changes in roles              about others’
          • Hyperactivity                                                   opinions
          • Low verbal                                                    • Boys: it is victim’s
            intelligence and                                                fault; use violence as
            problem solving                                                 a tool
          • Low empathy                                                   • Girls: use
                                                                            relationship as tool;
                                                                            cannot adequately
                                                                            express anger




Sources: Benitez & Justicia, 2006; Chan, 2006; Harvey et al., 2006; Lane, 2005; Thornberg & Knutsen, 2011
Bully




                 Victim


                                           Environment




Adapted from Harvey et al., 2006
Characteristics

•   Low Self Esteem
•   Loner
•   Passive; choose submission
•   Expect to be bullied; defeatist
•   Boys:Internalize their problems
•   Girls: primarily concerned with what
    others think of them
Bully




   Victim                    Environment




Adapted from Harvey et al., 2006
Environmental variables that affect bullying

       • Norms of behavior; level of blurriness between roles
         of students and teachers
       • Rules
       • Values held as being important
       • Key personalities and how they reference bullying
       • Daily climate of civility
       • Punitive and sanctioning strategies
       • Size of school facilities
       • Amount of supervision outside of classroom




Sources: Benitez & Justicia, 2006; Harvey et al., 2006
The term
     “Cyberbullying”
 was originated by
Canadian educator
Bill Belsey about a
       decade ago.
Cyberbullying Around the World




Top 20 countries found to have the most cybercrime. Retrieved
from: http:/crimesatcyber.blogspot.com/p/countrywise-cr-
latest.html.
State Cyberbullying
                   Laws
A Review of State Cyberbullying Laws and Policies




http://www.cyberbullying.us/Bullying
_and_Cyberbullying_Laws.pdf
Cyberbullying
creates an unsafe
environment for
everyone
Victims of cyberbullying often
                  experience:




                        Low Self-
 Depression   Anxiety
                         Esteem
Problems concentrating



   Problems learning




    School failure
 The hurtful
  information can be
  transmitted
  broadly and
  instantaneously, a
  nd can be difficult
  to eliminate.
Aggressors can
 remain
 anonymous
 and are hard to
 stop.
Severe Dysfunction

Externalized violence

      Suicide
Climate loss and cost calculator

To help administrators identify the cost of
behaviors associated with a negative school
climate due to bullying, cyberbullying, and
violence:


www.community-matters.org/safe-
school-ambassadors/documents
Prevent
 Cyberbullying


Educate
          Engage
EDUCATE




Children




           Parents
• Create
            awareness
          • Public forums
            • School
              assemblies
            • Bully prevention
Educate       programs
            • Community
              meetings
            • Public service
              announcements
ENGAGING
  THE
PROBLEM
• Refuse to pass along
             offensive messages
           • Block communication with
             cyberbullies
           • Report Cyberbullying to a
             trusted adult
           • Don’t provide personal
             information online
Children   • DO NOT DELETE the
             messages, they can be
             used to take action
           • Take leadership roles within
             the schools to promote
             respect and inclusion
• Install filtering
            software
          • Limit your child’s
            time on the
            internet
          • PAY ATTENTION
          • Develop a family
Parents     agreement for
            internet use.
          • Encourage the
            child to report
            bullying
• Develop policies on
            appropriate internet and
            cell phone use. (Follow
            through)
          • Zero tolerance for any
            form of bullying
          • Plan bullying intervention
            and prevention programs
          • Be consistent when
            dealing with bullying
Schools     concerns
          • Ensure parents and
            children that bullying
            concerns will be taken
            seriously and dealt with
            effectively
Cyberbullying presentation v3

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Cyberbullying presentation v3

  • 1. Cyberbullying—A 21st Century Crisis
  • 2.
  • 3. “I hate you and NOBODY likes you!!!” “Vote YES here if you think Beatrice is UGLY!” “If I were as stupid as you, I wouldn’t show my face at school. POST MORE INSULTS HERE!” “I wish you would just DIE”
  • 4. CYBERBULLYING occurs in… Texting and Instant Messaging Email Social Media Blogs Video Games & Chat Rooms
  • 7.
  • 8. FACTS ABOUT CYBERBULLYING  Although cyberbullying evolved from traditional bullying there are several differences: Cyberbullying: 1. Involves the victim being under constant distress (Williams & Godfrey, 2011). 2. Reaches a wider audience (Slonje & Smith, 2008). 3. Allows anonymity (Donegan, 2012). 4. Allows the perpetrator to strike blows without seeing victims response (Donegan, 2012). 5. Crosses demographic boundaries allowing minorities and disadvantaged to become perpetrators (Slonje & Smith, 2008) although generally the victims are unpopular with peers (Williams & Godfrey, 2011).
  • 9. Today, in America…  20.8% of students have been cyberbullyied.  17% have been cyberbullyied in the past 30 days.  13.3% have been cyberbullyied by rumors online.  14.3% have been cyberbullyied by mean or hurtful comments online.  7.2% have been threatened online.
  • 10. Have been cyberbullyied 62% by another student at school Know of someone who has been 65% cyberbullyied Admitted they had cyberbullyied 60% another student at school
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14. Bully Victim Environment Adapted from Harvey et al., 2006
  • 15. Bully Victim Environment Adapted from Harvey et al., 2006
  • 16. Biological/Personality Home Social • Brain differences • Bullying by siblings • Need to gain power • Gene mutations • Abused • Need to be included; • Overly developed • Power Struggles overly concerned immune system • Changes in roles about others’ • Hyperactivity opinions • Low verbal • Boys: it is victim’s intelligence and fault; use violence as problem solving a tool • Low empathy • Girls: use relationship as tool; cannot adequately express anger Sources: Benitez & Justicia, 2006; Chan, 2006; Harvey et al., 2006; Lane, 2005; Thornberg & Knutsen, 2011
  • 17. Bully Victim Environment Adapted from Harvey et al., 2006
  • 18. Characteristics • Low Self Esteem • Loner • Passive; choose submission • Expect to be bullied; defeatist • Boys:Internalize their problems • Girls: primarily concerned with what others think of them
  • 19. Bully Victim Environment Adapted from Harvey et al., 2006
  • 20. Environmental variables that affect bullying • Norms of behavior; level of blurriness between roles of students and teachers • Rules • Values held as being important • Key personalities and how they reference bullying • Daily climate of civility • Punitive and sanctioning strategies • Size of school facilities • Amount of supervision outside of classroom Sources: Benitez & Justicia, 2006; Harvey et al., 2006
  • 21. The term “Cyberbullying” was originated by Canadian educator Bill Belsey about a decade ago.
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 26. Cyberbullying Around the World Top 20 countries found to have the most cybercrime. Retrieved from: http:/crimesatcyber.blogspot.com/p/countrywise-cr- latest.html.
  • 27. State Cyberbullying Laws A Review of State Cyberbullying Laws and Policies http://www.cyberbullying.us/Bullying _and_Cyberbullying_Laws.pdf
  • 28.
  • 30. Victims of cyberbullying often experience: Low Self- Depression Anxiety Esteem
  • 31. Problems concentrating Problems learning School failure
  • 32.  The hurtful information can be transmitted broadly and instantaneously, a nd can be difficult to eliminate.
  • 33. Aggressors can remain anonymous and are hard to stop.
  • 35. Climate loss and cost calculator To help administrators identify the cost of behaviors associated with a negative school climate due to bullying, cyberbullying, and violence: www.community-matters.org/safe- school-ambassadors/documents
  • 37. EDUCATE Children Parents
  • 38. • Create awareness • Public forums • School assemblies • Bully prevention Educate programs • Community meetings • Public service announcements
  • 40. • Refuse to pass along offensive messages • Block communication with cyberbullies • Report Cyberbullying to a trusted adult • Don’t provide personal information online Children • DO NOT DELETE the messages, they can be used to take action • Take leadership roles within the schools to promote respect and inclusion
  • 41. • Install filtering software • Limit your child’s time on the internet • PAY ATTENTION • Develop a family Parents agreement for internet use. • Encourage the child to report bullying
  • 42. • Develop policies on appropriate internet and cell phone use. (Follow through) • Zero tolerance for any form of bullying • Plan bullying intervention and prevention programs • Be consistent when dealing with bullying Schools concerns • Ensure parents and children that bullying concerns will be taken seriously and dealt with effectively

Notas do Editor

  1. In theory it’s easy to underestimate just how powerful these messages can be.
  2. Long before we sawcyberbullying occur on the digital playground, we have been studying bullying on the traditional playground for years.
  3. In order to understand the origins of bullying, we need to look at the three aspects of this phenomenon: the bully, the victim and the environment
  4. Let’s take a closer look at the bully
  5. There has been substantial effort in describing the bully. These descriptions are typically focuses on biological causes or personality descriptions and home or social influences.
  6. Now, let’s look at research done on the victim.
  7. Less has been studied on the victim than the bully. Most of the research tries to find commonalities in the victim characteristics.
  8. Now let’s focus on the environment
  9. Depending on the frequency and level of a number of variables, the amount of bullying is affected by the environment. Note that these characteristics are equally applicable in the digital playground.
  10. A variety of studies conducted on cyberbullying show that anywhere from 18 to 40 percent of students report being victimized.
  11. An additional study shows two noteworthy trends. One is that cyberbullying is more prevalent among girls than boys. The other shows that while many teens admit to being a victim of cyberbullying, almost as many also admit to participating in it as well.
  12. By race, cyberbullying is more pervasive among whites than other cultures. Still, the percentage is significant among hispanics, blacks, and multi-race students as well.
  13. Though it is most prevalent in the United States and China, due to increased access of technology Cyberbullying is rapidly becoming a global phenomenon.
  14. There must be a proactive approach to the prevention of cyberbullying and this is accomplished by engaging the problem head on.
  15. Our children are at the front lines of this issue, and carry the greatest responsibility of preventing cyberbullying
  16. Adults also carry responsibility of prevention, in fact their involvement can reduce the stress and responsibility placed on the children.
  17. Finally, the schools have the organizational means of preventing the social dilemma.
  18. If all of these methods fail, well, I guess we will have to let Ralphie show us how to handle the situation.