Nz ph conf homes for living in feedback from residents_r2

Homes for living in: feedback from residents
Mark Siddall, leap

Scepticism about Passivhaus
• Energy
• Comfort
– Over heating
– Humidity– Humidity
Underlying question
“Does the Passivhaus standard deliver in other
cultures and climates?”

Measured versus predicted heat loss coefficients
150.00
200.00
250.00
300.00
Heatloss(W/K)
Predicted
Measured
Passivhaus
Dwellings
1 & 2
3. Case studies - Racecourse
(22 dwellings from the Leeds Met database
0.00
50.00
100.00
Heatloss(W/K)
Courtesy of the Leeds Metropolitan University

3. Case studies - Coheating test
Predicted
(W/K)
Measured
(W/K)
Error compared
to target (W/K)
Dwelling Type
Racecourse Dwelling 1
(Johnston et al, 2012b)
43.4 46.7 +3.3 (+7.6%) End- terrace
Racecourse Dwelling 2
(Johnston et al, 2012b)
36.6 38.1 +1.5 (+4.0%) Mid- terrace
Larch House 57.6 60 +/- 14 2.4 (+4.1%) DetachedLarch House
(Jenkins, 2011)
57.6 60 +/- 14 2.4 (+4.1%) Detached
Lime House
(Jenkins, 2011)
37.2 41 +/- 8 3.8 (+10.2%) Detached
Ford Close
(Warm, 2012)
45.6 50.4 4.8 (+10.5%) Terrace

"In buildings people are the best measuring instruments, they are just harder to calibrate."
- Gary Raw, UK Director of the Centre for Safety, Health and Environment
"In buildings people are the best
measuring instruments, they are
just harder to calibrate.“
- Gary Raw, UK Director of the Centre
for Safety, Health and Environmentfor Safety, Health and Environment

“Before it was hard work having family come
to stay. In the summer everything was okay
but a bit depressing in the winter. [I] had to
shut of part of the house because of the cold.
...Now everything is much easier and more...Now everything is much easier and more
cheery. [I] enjoy using the house the whole
house.”
- Judith Gospel, Steel Farm Passivhaus

5. Feedback: Racecourse
“These bungalows are beautiful, we haven’t had our
heating on yet! My husband was always cold before
we came here. It’s amazing we were just saying this
morning how fortunate we were to be given the chance
to live in one of these properties.”
“The passiv bungalows are fantastic, I absolutely love my
home and have settled in well here.” “It’s great in the cold
weather my new home is cosy and warm and I don’t have
to worry about heating costs any more as I rarely use it. I
really like living here the bungalows are brilliant!”

4. Occupant surveys
• Occupant surveys are often bespoke
Strength
• Robust project specific information gathered• Robust project specific information gathered
Weakness
• Comparability between buildings/projects is
often impeded

4. BUS Survey: What is it?
• Building Use Studies survey (BUS survey)
• BUS is a statistically validated benchmarking tool
• Developed by sociologist Adrian Leaman, now
• Developed by sociologist Adrian Leaman, now
managed by Arup

• Developed in 1985 as a 16 page questionnaire (non-
domestic)
• Emerged from POE studies of non-domestic buildings
• Emerged from POE studies of non-domestic buildings
(refined in PROBE studies)
•Refined, in 1995, into a two page A4

• 2006, the domestic version
• Consists of a 3 page occupant survey and an analysis tool
•BUS tool was used in a number of domestic projects
•BUS tool was used in a number of domestic projects
funded by the Technology Strategy Board
• Subjective appreciation for the range of criteria using
a numerical scale (1 to 7)

4. BUS Survey: Structure
34 criteria
• Includes aspects of
• Thermal comfort during
summer and winter
• Security
• Space provision
• Location
• Age
summer and winter
• Overheating
• Lighting,
• Cooling and
• Heating
• Age
• Gender
• Space provision
• Appearance
• Tenure
• Lifestyle

4. BUS Survey: Structure
• Security
• Space provision
• Location
• Age
34 criteria
• Includes aspects of
• Thermal comfort during
summer and winter
Not Passivhaus
• Age
• Gender
• Space provision
• Appearance
• Tenure
• Lifestyle
summer and winter
• Overheating
• Lighting,
• Cooling and
• Heating

4. BUS Survey: Methodology
Survey 1: 2013
•25 Passivhaus homes
• 21 responses were received
(response rate of 84%)
Survey 2: 2014
•4 Passivhaus homes
• 4 responses were received
(response rate of 100%)(response rate of 84%)
• Results plotted in graphical
format against the BUS 2013
UK Housing benchmark
(response rate of 100%)
• Results plotted in graphical
format against the BUS 2014
UK Housing benchmark

4. Case study – Racecourse BUS Survey
Age: Number of others >18 yr:
At home:
Has living here changed your lifestyle ... ?

4. Case study – Racecourse BUS Survey 1
Age: Number of others >18 yr:
At home:
Has living here changed your lifestyle ... ?

4. BUS Survey: BUS Comfort Index
Survey 1: 2013 Survey 2: 2014

4. BUS Survey: BUS Satisfaction Index

4. BUS Survey: BUS Summary Index

4. BUS Survey: Comfort: overall

4. BUS Survey:
Overall Winter Satisfaction - Comfort

4. BUS Survey:
Overall Summer Satisfaction - Comfort

4. BUS Survey: Temperature
hot/cold
stable/varies
hot/cold
stable/varies
In winter:In summer:
overall
stable/varies
overall
stable/varies

Summer Satisfaction - Temperature
Lesson:
Provide secure ventilation for
bungalows

Winter Satisfaction - Temperature
1) tenants are uncertain how they should
control the heating system
2) that the internal gains are greater than
expected, or
3) that both are factors in this feedback

4. BUS Survey: Stability
Winter Temperature Stability

4. BUS Survey: Stability
Summer Temperature Stability

4. BUS Survey: Air Quality
fresh/stuffy
odourless/smelly
still/draughty
In summer:
dry/humid
overall
still/draughty

4. BUS Survey: Air Quality
fresh/stuffy
odourless/smelly
still/draughty
In winter:
dry/humid
overall
still/draughty

4. BUS Survey: Perceived Air Quality
still/draughtyodourless/smell
National situation:
BSRIA found that 95% of the systems failed to meet the requirements
contained within Part F of the UK Building Regulations
Racecourse Passivhaus:
Leeds Met established that the MVHR was commissioned appropriately.

4. BUS Survey: Noise
Noise: noise from outside
Noise: noise from other people
Measurements confirmed
the range of 21 to 23 dB(A)
Noise: overall
Noise: overall

4. BUS Survey: Control
Control over lighting
Control over heating
Control over cooling
Control over noise
Control over ventilation
Control over noise

4. BUS Survey:
Health (perceived)
Layout
Health
Space
Storage
Design

4. BUS Survey: Lighting
Lighting: artificial light
Lighting: natural light
Lighting: artificial light
Lighting: natural light
Lighting: overall
Lighting: overall

4. BUS Survey: Utilities
Utilities costs for heating
Utilities costs for electricity Utilities costs for electricity
Utilities costs for heating

6.0 Lessons Learned
BUS Survey
• High levels of comfort and satisfaction
• Occupants report an average/ good level of control
• Occupants report an low heating bills and low/average
electric billselectric bills
• Some over heating risk despite perceived control

Thanks to the Technology Strategy Board and Gentoo
…and thank you for your time.
Photo MJSMark Siddall:
E: mark.siddall@leapt.it
t: 07795 031 700

Nz ph conf homes for living in feedback from residents_r2

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