1. Making Assertions
in Nanopublications

2. Definitions
Nanopublication
An object by which a person (or persons or institution)
can obtain credit for an assertion (a minimal unit of
thought). A nanopublication contains an assertion,
provenance (how the assertion came to be,
procedures and producers), and publication
information (who or what produced the
nanopublication).
Weak-strong semantics
How understandable an assertion is for computers.
Minted URI
A URI (http://...) that is generated by a software client,

3. Weakest semantics, but trivial to do
(machine “readable”, not machine interpretable)
Minted
URI
User generated “mHTT causes Huntington's Disease”
Auto
generated

4. Weak semantics, but easy to do
(machine “readable”, not machine interpretable)
Minted
Concept URI
Minted
Concept URI
Minted
Concept URI
User generated “mHTT” “causes”
“Huntington's
Disease”
Auto
generated
cw:concept_property_relation

5. Generated semantics,
coverage/quality <100%
(machine “readable”, not machine interpretable)
Minted
Concept URI
Minted
Concept URI
Minted
Concept URI
User generated
“mHTT” “causes”
“Huntington's
Disease”
Auto
generated
cw:concept_property_relation
“mHTT causes Huntington's Disease”
Concept
Recognizer
Service
(Peregrine, NCBO)

6. Strong semantics, but difficult
ConceptWiki
Concept URI
ConceptWiki
Concept URI
ConceptWiki
Concept URI
Protein ontology:
<mHTT>
Relation Ontology:
<causes>
Disease Ontology:
<HD>
Human
Protein Property
Human
Disease
cw:conceptcw:conceptcw:concept
User generated
“mHTT” “causes”
“Huntington's
Disease”
Owl:Thing Owl:
Property
Owl:Thing
po:Protein ro:<...>
do:Human
Disease
Rdf:seeAlso Rdf:seeAlso Rdf:seeAlso
Cw: ConceptWiki ontology, po: a protein ontology, ro: a relation ontology, do: a disease ontology
Owl: Web Ontology Language, RDF: Resource Description Framework

7. Weaker semantics, but doable and extendible
(machine readable, semi machine interpretable)
ConceptWiki
Concept URI
ConceptWiki
Concept URI
ConceptWiki
Concept URI
Minted URI Minted URI Minted URI
Owl:Thing Owl:
Property
Owl:Thing
cw:conceptcw:conceptcw:concept
User-generated
“mHTT” “causes”
“Huntington's
Disease”
Automatically
generated
Cw: ConceptWiki ontology, po: a protein ontology, ro: a relation ontology, do: a disease ontology
Owl: Web Ontology Language, RDF: Resource Description Framework
Rdf:seeAlso Rdf:seeAlso Rdf:seeAlso

8. Future work: auto-extend
(machine readable, machine interpretable)
ConceptWiki
Concept URI
ConceptWiki
Concept URI
ConceptWiki
Concept URI
User-generated
“mHTT” “causes”
“Huntington's
Disease”
Automatically
generated
Cw: ConceptWiki ontology, po: a protein ontology, ro: a relation ontology, do: a disease ontology
Owl: Web Ontology Language, RDF: Resource Description Framework
Protein ontology:
<mHTT>
Relation Ontology:
<causes>
Disease Ontology:
<HD>
Human
Protein Property
Human
Disease
cw:conceptcw:conceptcw:concept
Owl:Thing Owl:
Property
Owl:Thing
po:Protein ro:<...>
do:Human
Disease
Rdf:seeAlso Rdf:seeAlso Rdf:seeAlso