hen presentation of English
a) present simple whit future meanig
b) future. be about to + infinitive. verbs +infinitive
c) present present simple +just/for/since
d) reported speech
e)past tense of there is / there are
f)past continuos
g) intoduction to the passive voice
h)present simple passive
1. SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURE OF NORTH EATS
Engineer: Oscar García.
Inglish II
report speech #5
Camey Pérez Manuel Agrípeno
5th.
Agrónomo “A”
Report#5
Zacapa, March 6, 2015
3. The present simple can have a future meaning when we talk about
timetables (for buses, trains or planes) or schedules (for concerts, films
or theatre).• "What time does Simon's plane get in?"
• — "His plane gets in at five."
• "And what time does the film start?"
• — "It starts at seven, so he should get there in time."
4. The present simple has a future meaning when
we use it to talk about fixed plans.
• "When do you start work?"
• — "I usually start at nine, but on Thursday I start
at ten
6. Future Infinitive ( Be + To Infinitive )
Dear Learners,
We use future infinitive to express a sense of instruction or
necessity.
1. President Obama is to visit Burma next week. ( Active )
2. Humanitarian aids are to be airlifted to the flooded
Irrawaddy
region. ( Passive )
7. Infinitive Verb
Do you know the difference between an infinitive verb and a base verb? Or,
do you know when and how do you use infinitive verbs? These questions, and
their answers are the key to understanding the uses of an infinitive verb.
Defining an Infinitive Verb
Basically, an infinitive verb is a verb with the word “to” in front of it.
to be
to have
to hold
to sleep
to dream
8. When you use an infinitive verb, the “to” is a part of the verb. It is not acting
as a preposition in this case. And the verb is always just the verb. It’s not
conjugated in anyway – no -ed, no -ing, no -s on the end. Sometimes you’ll
see sentences like this:
She went from kissing him to slapping him in no time.
You see “to slapping,” and it’s easy to think that’s an infinitive verb, but it isn’t.
It’s a preposition (to) and a gerund (slapping). You can tell it’s not an infinitive
because of the -ing on the end of the verb. Infinitives never have an -ing
ending.
10. Present perfect just
These words are often used with the present perfect tense although
yet, still and already can all be used with other tenses.
Just
‘Just’ is usually used only with the present perfect tense and it means
‘a short time ago’.
I’ve just seen Susan coming out of the cinema.
Mike’s just called. Can you ring him back please?
Have you just taken my pen? Where has it gone?
- See more at: http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/grammar-
reference/just-yet-still-already#sthash.FEMwLTtF.dpuf
11. For + a period of time
for six years, for a week, for a month, for hours, for two hours
I have worked here for five years.
Present perfect with FOR
She has lived here for twenty years.
We have taught at this school for a long time.
Alice has been married forthree months.
They have been at the hotel for a week.
12. Since + a point in time
since this morning, since last week, since yesterday
since I was a child, since Wednesday, since 2 o'clock
I have worked here since 1990.
Present perfect with SINCE
She has lived here since 1980.
We have taught at this school since 1965.
Alice has been married since March 2nd.
They have been at the hotel since last Tuesday.
13. Reported speech
If we report what another person has said, we usually do not use the
speaker’s exact words (direct speech), but reported (indirect) speech.
Therefore, you need to learn how to transform direct speech into
reported speech. The structure is a little different depending on
whether you want to transform a statement, question or request.
Statements
When transforming statements, check whether you have to change:
pronouns
present tense verbs (3rd person singular)
place and time expressions
tenses (backshift)
15. Past thense of there is
Has the meaning of "having". Is formed with "there" followed by the present of the verb
"to be" in the singular or plural, as appropriate.
There is a book There's a book
There are some books There are some books
'There is' is used with singular count nouns and uncountable nouns.
'There are' used with count nouns in plural.
affirmative
'There is' and 'there are' formed with the present of the verb "to be" in its affirmative
form.
'There's' is the short form there is.
'There are "generally is not contracted, although sometimes it is done in informal
16. Past tense of there are
There are "generally is not contracted, although sometimes it is done in
informal language.
Example
There are long Plural form some shops There are some shops
Plural There aren't any shops
17. Past Continuous
FORM
[was/were + present participle]
Examples:
•You were studying when she called.
•Were you studying when she called?
•You were not studying when she called.
18. Examples:
I was watching TV when she called.
When the phone rang, she was writing a letter.
While we were having the picnic, it started to rain.
What were you doing when the earthquake started?
I was listening to my iPod, so I didn't hear the fire alarm.
You were not listening to me when I told you to turn the oven off.
While John was sleeping last night, someone stole his car.
20. Explanation
This is one way of introducing your students to the passive voice, and
illustrating it’s meaning.
1. Using a series of picture cards of different kinds of money from
around the world, show the students a picture of one form of money,
and ask the students “Where is this used?” If they don’t get the basic
gist of what you are asking, you may ask “what country is this from”
and then revert to “where is this used” later. Let the students guess
which country the money is from, and when one of them gets it right,
announce “It is used in (country)” and repeat the sentence a second
time.
21. 2. After repeating this process with a number of different currencies,
ask the students what sentence you kept repeating. Write “It is used in
Japan” (or whatever country you choose) on the black board, and
ask the students to try to guess the meaning. Guide the students to the
proper translation in Japanese (ask your JTE to help if necessary).
3. Point out that there’s something strange about the sentence, and
ask them what’s odd about it. Things to make them notice:
- There are two verbs ( a “to be” verb, and another verb). This is not
normal
23. Present simple past
Something is done by someone regularly / everyday / as expected...
Active : The gardener waters the flowers every evening.
Passive: The flowers are watered by the gardener every evening.
Active : Helen doesn't drink anything in parties.
Passive: Nothing is drunk by Helen in parties.
Active : Who sells umbrellas?
Passive: Who are umbrellas sold by?
Active : My mother doesn't paint the walls.
Passive: The walls aren't painted by my mother.
