Understand about current cloud market, cloud service providers - Azure or Amazon, cloud fundamentals, VM Virtualization, Cloud deployment models, IaaS vs PaaS vs SaaS, Cloud Security and Risks.

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Cloud Computing –
Opportunities, Definitions,
Options, and Risks (Part-1)
Manoj Kumar (Sr. Architect)

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Cloud Market
Business and Technical benefits
What is cloud computing? Cloud Architecture?
Cloud Deployment models
Leading cloud providers
Dev models: IaaS Vs PaaS Vs SaaS
Cloud Migration strategy and challenges

4. Cloud market growth
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Source: KPMG(2015)
Cloud is one of the top 10 strategic technology trends

5. Business drivers for cloud
Lower TCO
Just-in-time Infrastructure to scale
Higher Resource Utilization Rate
CAPEX  OPEX
Focus on core business apps
Pay as you go instead of long-term contracts
Reduced administration effort
Reduced time to market
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6. Better Resource Utilization with Cloud
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7. With Cloud Re-allocate IT expenditures
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DATACENTER COSTS
Deploy 10%
Operate 25%
Support 10%
Facilities 7%
Network 11%
SW 9%
HW 23%
50%
Labor
Expense
Cloud Computing reduces
Labor costs
Cloud Computing reduces
Facilities, Network,
Hardware, Software
maintenance costs
Plan 5%
50%
Other
Expenses
Most companies today spend roughly 80% of their IT budget on
operations and maintenance.

8. Cloud Computing gives:
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9. Cloud Infrastructure (Mega Datacenters)
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With industry best practices. Billions of dollar pumped in
every year. More than $15Billion by Microsoft alone.

10. Global reach: Azure Footprint (Hyper scale)
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11. Top reasons for cloud rush
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Factors that denote significant impact include a high potential for
disruption to the business, end users or IT, the need for a major
investment, or the risk of being late to adopt.

12. Technical Benefits of Cloud Computing
Automation – “Scriptable infrastructure”- easy DevOps
Auto/ Proactive scaling
Improved Testability: On demand “instant test lab” with pre-configured
environments only for the duration of testing phase.
Easy Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity: Take
advantage of geo-distribution and replicate the environment in other locations
within minutes at much lower TCO.
Out of box Load balancing / Traffic management: “Overflow”
the traffic to the cloud
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14. Common Cloud Terms
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Cloud Computing,
Public Cloud,
Private Cloud,
Hybrid cloud, Govt Cloud
Compute, Storage
(Blob/Table/Queue),
Service bus, IoT, Big Data
IaaS, PaaS,
SaaS, DaaS
Elasticity,
Scale up/down/in/out
latency,
availability,
reliability

15. What is cloud computing?
“the practice of using a network of remote servers hosted
on the Internet to store, manage, and process data, rather
than a local server or a personal computer”
“cloud computing relies on sharing of resources to achieve
coherence and economies of scale”
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The Next Frontier - On Demand Solutions For Your Business
Cloud
Web
Client-Server Computing
Personal Computers
Mainframe

16. Cloud: High Level Architecture
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Giant
SaaS

17. Cloud – Enabling technology
Virtualization
An abstraction of an execution environment that can be made
dynamically available to authorized clients by using well-defined
protocols, Resource quota (e.g. CPU, memory share), and Software
configuration (e.g. O/S, provided services)
SOA
Cloud computing adopts concepts from Service-oriented
Architecture (SOA): Composition of services with easy global
access.
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18. Cloud VMs
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Hardware
Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM) / Hypervisor
Guest OS
(Linux)
Guest OS
(NetBSD)
Guest OS
(Windows)
VM VM VM
AppApp AppAppApp
Xen
VMWare
UML
Denali
etc.
Performance: Para-virtualization (e.g. Xen) is very close to raw
physical performance!

19. Cloud – Virtualization Advantages
Autonomic computing automates the process through which the user
can provision resources (VMs) on-demand.
Provides the agility required to speed up IT operations
Reduces cost by increasing infrastructure utilization.
By minimizing user involvement, automation speeds up the process,
reduces labor costs and reduces the possibility of human errors.
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20. Cloud : Elasticity
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Elastic Cloud VMs
Scale Up/Down:

21. Cloud computing shares characteristics with other
computing techniques
Client–server model — request & response
Grid computing — Distributed and parallel computing (super and virtual computer
is composed of a cluster of networked, loosely coupled computers)
Mainframe computer
Utility computing — similar to a traditional public utility, such as electricity
Peer-to-peer — Participants are both suppliers and consumers of resources (in
contrast to the traditional client–server model)
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22. Essential characteristics for cloud apps
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National Institute of Standards and Technology's (NIST) identifies "five
essential characteristics"
• On-demand self-service: Manual or Automatic
• Broad network access: Easily available for heterogeneous thin or thick client
platforms (e.g., mobile phones, tablets, laptops, and workstations)
• Resource pooling: Resources are pooled to serve multiple consumers using a
multi-tenant model with different physical and virtual resources dynamically
assigned and reassigned
• Rapid elasticity: Capabilities can be elastically provisioned and released to
scale rapidly outward and inward. Limitless.
• Measured service: Resource usage can be monitored, controlled, and
reported, providing transparency for both the provider and consumer.

23. Cloud Deployment Models
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Govt
Cloud

24. Security in Cloud (Azure)
Identity and access: WAAD and Multi-Factor Authentication
Encryption and key management: Implement additional encryption and manage
your own keys, Azure Key Vault to manage key.
Network security: Site-to-site VPN (On-premise to Azure migration). Min SSL for
internal comm.
Threat management: Azure offers Microsoft Antimalware for cloud services and
virtual machines
Monitoring, logging, and reporting: Centralized monitoring and analysis systems
that provide continuous visibility and timely alerts
Penetration testing: Microsoft conducts regular penetration testing to improve Azure
security
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25. Risks with Cloud Computing
Stored or data-in-transit might not be safe
Stored data can be lost
Requires a constant Internet connection
Does not work well with low-speed connections
Can be Slow: Difference of Web vs Desktop app Capabilities
Not easy to switch cloud provider
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(Nothing Unique, many of these exist for on premise)

26. Options – Leading Cloud services providers
Amazon (AWS-IaaS)
Microsoft (PaaS/IaaS – Azure)
Google (SaaS, PaaS)
VMware (vCloud)
Rackspace (IaaS)
Salesforce.com (SaaS – CRM)
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Market Share (2014):
• Joyent (3*aaS)
• IBM (Blue Cloud)
• Net Suite (SaaS - SuitCloud)
• 3Tera (CloudWare)
Some of the newcomers in the market are:
• Enomaly (services to cloud providers)
• GoGrid (IaaS)
AWS:
28%
Microsoft
: 10%
IBM: 7%
Google: 5%,
Salesforce:
4%,
Rackspace
3%
Year on year growth (2014):
Microsoft (96%), Google (88%),
Amazon (51%) and IBM (48%)

27. Microsoft’s Azure
since 2010
4 general categories: Build infrastructure, Develop modern
applications, Gain insights from data, and Manage identity and
access
Features: Hybrid app development, Identity management,
auditing, encryption key creation/control/storage, monitoring
and logging, powerful analytics (HDInsight Hadoop framework),
and Apache Storm (data stream processing) and others.
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28. Azure site – Demo
http://azure.microsoft.com/en-in/
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29. AWS (Amazon web services)
since 2006
4 core features: Compute, Storage & Content Delivery,
Databases, and Networking
Features: Identity management, auditing, encryption key
creation/control/storage, monitoring and logging, powerful
analytics (Amazon EMR Hadoop framework), and Kinesis (data
stream processing) and others.
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30. AWS site – Demo
http://aws.amazon.com/
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31. Azure vs AWS Cloud – Feature comparisons
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Parameter Azure Amazon
Enterprise feature
coverage
75 92
More features 7 of 8 categories
Required feature not in
Azure
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Capacity 5 times of next 14 cloud
competitors combined
Quality Much better at scale and
public cloud offering
Acceptability Good because of Microsoft
existing relationship with
enterprise customers
More discount
Hybrid Seamless extension of existing
on-premise ops.
Relies on partner
Better at DR 60 day notice for SLA review 30 days
Govt Cloud Azure Government GovCloud
OS Windows/Linux(SUSE & Oracle)
No RedHat (RHEL)
All

32. Cloud Price comparisons: AWS vs Azure vs Google
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Per GB of data

33. Cloud Dev Models: IaaS / PaaS / SaaS
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35. IaaS/PaaS/SaaS: Business Use cases
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UseCase?
Dev Model Common business use cases
IaaS Extend on-premise data center infrastructure,
Quickly move existing appln to cloud (Like Legacy apps)
PaaS New development
Redesign
Increased developers productivity and faster time-to-market
SaaS Collaboration software – Email, Office 365
CRM, HR systems

36. Advantages/Disadvantages of PaaS vs IaaS
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Model Advantage Disadvantage
PaaS Business:
• Low TCO
• Accelerates Innovation
Technical:
• Better/Easier DevOps
• Mitigates Platform Risks
Business:
• Harder Transition to Cloud
Technical:
• Application Portability Issues
• Not as mature as IaaS
• Different Codebases for Cloud and On-
premise
IaaS Business:
• Quick transition to Cloud
Technical:
• Mature ISV Ecosystem
• Complete Control
• Solution Portability
Business:
• Expensive to Operate
• Slows Down Innovation
• Security Risks from Unpatched Servers
Technical:
• Difficult to Maintain Legacy Apps
• Requires Rigorous Processes for Enabling
DevOps
• Requires Rigorous Server Maintenance
Processes

37. Application’s cloud migration strategy
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38. Common Cloud Terms : Revisited
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Cloud Computing,
Public Cloud,
Private Cloud,
Hybrid cloud, Govt Cloud
Compute, Storage
(Blob/Table/Queue,
Service bus, IoT, Big
Data
IaaS, PaaS,
SaaS, DaaS
Elasticity, Scale
up/down/in/out
latency,
availability,
reliability

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Thank You
Manoj Kumar
Manoj.kumar11@cognizant.com