The Internet of Things (loT) is a scenario in which objects, animals or people are provided with unique identifiers and the ability to transfer data over a network without requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction. loT has evolved from the convergence of wireless technologies, micro-electromechanical systems and the internet. Let's study introduction, working, requirements, applications, architecture, gateway, operating systems and IOT solutions available.

1. The Internet of Things
Rajeev Karothia
Scientech Technologies Pvt. Ltd.
Our IoT Learning Platform
Scientech 2138A

7. People Connecting to Things

8. Things Connecting to Things

10. How does IoT work?

11. 1.) Sensors & Sensor technology – They will sniff a wide variety of information ranging from Location,
Weather/Environment conditions, Grid parameters, Movement on assembly lines, Jet engine maintenance
data to Health essentials of a patient
2.) IoT Gateways – IoT Gateways, as the name rightly suggests, are the gateways to internet for all the
things/devices that we want to interact with. Gateways help to bridge the internal network of sensor nodes
with the external Internet or World Wide Web. They do this by collecting the data from sensor nodes &
transmitting it to the internet infrastructure.
3.) Cloud/server infrastructure & Big Data – The data transmitted through gateway is stored & processed
securely within the cloud infrastructure using Big Data analytics engine. This processed data is then used to
perform intelligent actions that make all our devices ‘Smart Devices’!
4.) End-user Mobile apps – The intuitive mobile apps will help end users to control & monitor their devices
(ranging from room thermostat to jet engines & assembly lines) from remote locations. These apps push the
important information on your hand-held devices & help to send commands to your Smart Devices!

19. IoT Applications and Sensors

20. Smart Environment

21. Smart Environment

Forest Fire Detection

Air Pollution

Snow Level Monitoring

Landslide and Avalanche Prevention

Earthquake Early Detection

22. Smart Environment - Forest Fire Detection

23. Smart Environment - Forest Fire Detection
COCO2
TemperatureHumidity
Solution

24. Smart Environment - Air Pollution

25. Smart Environment - Air Pollution
NO2CO
CO2Methane
(CH4)
Solution

26. Smart Environment - Landslide and Avalanche Prevention

27. Smart Environment - Landslide and Avalanche Prevention
Crack detection Crack propagation
AccelerometerLinear displacement
Soil moisture
Solution

28. Smart Environment - Earthquake Early Detection

29. Smart Environment - Earthquake Early Detection
Accelerometer
Solution

30. Smart Water

31. Smart Water

Water Quality

Water Leakages

River Floods

32. Smart Water - Water Quality

33. Smart Water - Water Quality
pH
Dissolved oxygen
Turbidity
Solution

34. Smart Water - Water Leakages

35. Smart Water - Water Leakages
Liquid flow sensor
Solution

36. Smart Metering

37. Smart Metering

Smart Grid

Tank Level

Water Flow

Silos Stock Calculation

38. Smart Metering - Smart Grid

39. Current sensor
Solution
Smart Metering - Smart Grid

40. Smart Metering - Tank Level

41. Smart Metering - Tank Level
Level sensor (switch)
Ultrasound sensor
Solution

42. Security & Emergencies

43. Security & Emergencies

Perimeter Access Control

Liquid Presence

Radiation Levels

Explosive and Hazardous Gases

44. Security & Emergencies - Perimeter Access Control

45. Security & Emergencies - Perimeter Access Control
PIR (infrared)
Hall Effect (windows, doors)
Solution

46. Security & Emergencies - Explosive and Hazardous Gases

47. Security & Emergencies - Explosive and Hazardous Gases
O2 H2 Methane (CH4)
Isobutane Ethanol
Solution

50. An IOT platform has basically three building blocks
1. Things
2. Gateway
3. Network and Cloud

52. The heart of a cloud platform could use open source boards like the
Raspberry Pi, Beaglebone Black, Intel Galileo etc. These are usual Linux
boards that run different flavours of Linux like Raspbian on the
Raspberry Pi, Angstrom on the Beaglebone etc. These boards interface
with devices on the one hand and the cloud platform on the other.
Beaglebone Back Raspberry Pi Intel Galileo
IoT Gateway

57. • Let’s take a look at the device interfaces. So for example, devices could interface
with the Raspberry Pi over RS-485, and Xbee. An RS-485 network allows a multi-
dropped serial wired network allowing a host of devices to connect. The Xbee
creates a wireless mesh network allowing large number of wireless devices to
connect. These are open source interfaces and allows creation of a large sensor
network. We could also use the GPIO on the Raspberry Pi for physical inputs.
Xbee Mesh network
Raspberry Pi
RS-485 to Serial
Sensor Interfaces

59. • The next interface we look at is the cloud interface. This is achieved using a simple WiFi dongle or
a GPRS shield. The WiFi dongle interfaces over USB and the GPRS shield uses the serial interface.
Also available is the Ethernet port which could be used for interface.
GPRS shield
Wi-Fi dongle
Raspberry Pi
Network Interfaces

61. • Cloud computing is typically defined as a type of computing
that relies on sharing computing resources rather than having
local servers or personal devices to handle applications.
• In cloud computing, the word cloud (also phrased as "the
cloud") is used as a metaphor for "the Internet," so the
phrase cloud computing means "a type of Internet-based
computing," where different services — such as servers,
storage and applications —are delivered to an organization's
computers and devices through the Internet.
Introduction to the Cloud

62. Introduction to the Cloud
Source: Wikipedia

63. Source: iotechnology.com
Cloud Architecture

64. Cloud Architecture

65. Cloud Architecture

67. Installed at Dayalbagh Educational
Institute Agra in 2009

71. • Scientech 2138A + Scientech 2311W
• Scientech 2138A + Scientech 2311W + Scientech 2311
• Scientech 2138A + With New Sensors

72. • Scientech 2138A + Scientech 2311W
• Scientech 2138A + Scientech 2311W + Scientech 2311
• Scientech 2138A + With New Sensors

73. Test Solutions for
IoT

78. Open URL on Your Mobile
182.74.206.10/iot
or
Download From
Play Store