This powerpoint is for education and awareness purpose. Please forgive in case of mistakes! Thank You!

1. By:
V.Madhukar

2.  Introduction
 Definition
 Biomedical Waste Management and Handling
Rules
 Categories Of Biomedical Waste
 Waste Management Plan
 Segregation In Colour Coded Bags
 Personal Safety Practices
 Storage
 Transport
 Incineration and Non-incineration Processes
 Conclusion

3. 1) Medical care – vital in our life and health.
2) BMW -emerged as issue of concern world over.
3) BMW real problem for
MAN, COMMUNITY,& ENVIRONMENT
4) Safe scientific cost effective methods for BMW
management – need of hour.

4. Waste generated during diagnosis, testing,
treatment, research or production of
biological products for humans or animals
The hospital waste, in addition to the
risk for patients and personnel who
handle these wastes poses a threat to
public health and environment
Need For BMW Management

5. BIOMEDICAL WASTE(MANAGEMENT &
HANDLING) RULES by Govt. of India ,1998
(Amended on 2000)
• Authoritative order to all the hospitals to
stop the indiscriminate disposal of waste and
ensure that it is treated in such a manner
that it does not hamper the environment
and human health.
• All the BMW to be segregated at the point of
generation

6. These rules apply to all persons who
generate, collect, receive, store, transport,
treat, dispose, or handle bio-medical waste
in any form includes a hospital, nursing
home, clinic, dispensary, veterinary
institutions, and animal house, pathological
laboratory, blood bank e.t.c.

7. Biomedical
waste
Non risk waste
(75 to 90%)
Risk waste
(10- 25%)

8. CATEGORIES OF BIO MEDICAL WASTE
OPTION WASTE CATEGORY TREATMENT & DISPOSAL
Category No. 1 Human Anatomical Waste Incineration / deep burial
Category No. 2 Animal Waste Incineration / deep burial
Category No. 3 Microbiology & Biotechnology
Waste
Local autoclaving / microwaving /
incineration
Category No. 4 Waste Sharps Disinfection by chemical treatmet /
atoclaving / microwaving and
mutilation / shredding
Category No. 5 Discarded Medicines and
Cytoxic drugs
Incineration / destruction and
drugs disposal in secured landfills
Category No. 6 Solid Waste Incineration / autoclaving /
microwaving
Category No. 7 Solid Waste Disinfection by chemical treatment
/ autoclaving / microwaving and
mutilation / shredding
Category No. 8 Liquid Waste Disinfection by chemical treatment
and discharge into drains.
Category No. 9 Incineration Ash Disposal in municipal landfill
Category No. 10 Chemical Waste Chemical treatment and discharge
into drains for liquids and secured
land for solids

9.  Sorting
 Handling
 Interim storage
 Sub disposal
 Final disposal
WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN

11. COLOUR CODING AND TYPE OF CONTAINER FOR DISPOSAL OF
BIOMEDICAL
WASTE
Color
Coding
Type of
Container
Waste
Category
Treatment
Options
Yellow Plastic bag Cat.1, 2,3,6 Incineration/deep
burial
Red Disinfected
container/Plasti
c bag
Cat 3,6,7 Autoclave/Microwave/
Chemical Treatment
Blue/White
translucent
Puncture proof
container
Cat.4,7 Autoclave/Microwave/
Chemical Treatment &
destruction/shredding
Black Plastic bag Cat 5,9,10 Disposal in secured
landfill

12. Proper labeling of bins
The bins and bags should
carry the biohazard
symbol indicating the
nature of waste to the
patients and public.
Label shall be non-
washable and
prominently visible

14. Personnel safety devices
The use of protective gears should be made mandatory for all the
personnel handling waste.

15. In an area away from general traffic and
accessible only to authorized personnel
DO NOT store for more than 48 hours
If for any reason it becomes necessary to store
the waste beyond such period take measures
to ensure that the waste does not adversely
affect human health and environment

16.  Transport by wheeled
trolleys/containers /carts only in
vehicles authorized for the purpose
 They should be
 Easy to load and unload
 No sharp edges
 Easy to clean
 Disinfect daily
 Trolleys ,Wheelbarrows: covered and
open, Chutes:

17. If a container is
transported from the
premises where bio-
medical waste is generated
to any waste treatment
facility outside the
premises, it should be
transported in separate
vehicles with proper sign of
BIOHAZARD

18. Incineration
Burning of waste material in
the presence of oxygen.
Waste volume reduction,
destroying some harmful
constituents.
Works at temperature (~
400–700°C).
Drawback
toxic products like furanes and dioxins - can cause air pollution

19. 1 - THERMAL PROCESSES
A - Low-Heat Thermal Processes (93°C-177°C) Wet
heat (steam) disinfection - autoclave ,Dry heat (hot air)
disinfection - infrared heaters.
B - Medium-Heat Thermal Processes (177°C-
370°C) Chemical breakdown of organic material.
Reverse polymerization using high-intensity microwave
C - High-Heat Thermal Processes (540°C-8,300°C)
or higher Electrical resistance, induction, natural gas,
and/or plasma energy provide the intense heat ,total
destruction of the waste Significant change in the mass
and volume

20. 2 - CHEMICAL PROCESSES
Dissolved chlorine dioxide, bleach (sodium
hypochlorite), peracetic acid, or dry inorganic
chemicals.
To enhance exposure of the waste to the chemical
agent, chemical processes often involve shredding,
grinding, or mixing.
3 - IRRADIATIVE PROCESSES
Electron beams,Cobalt-60, or UV irradiation.

23. CONCLUSION
If we want to protect our
environment and health of
community we must sensitize
ourselves to this important
issue not only in the interest
of health managers but also
in the interest of community.

25.  Microbiology : An application based approach (Michael J. Pelczar,Jr. , E C S
Chan, Noel R Krieg)
 Textbook Of Microbiology (Ananthanarayana and Panicker)
 “Biomedical Waste Management” By Dr. Praveen Kumar Doddamani, Asst.
Prof. , Dept. of Microbiology, Mediciti Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyd.
 Biomedical Waste Management Committee, Ministry of Health, Delhi
Links
 http://dpcc.delhigovt.nic.in/bio-medical-waste.html
 www.moef.nic.in (Ministry of Environment and Forest)
 www.cpcb.nic.in (Central Pollution Control Board)

26. THANK YOU