Session on The Freedoms of the Air Md Shaifullar Rabbi , Travel Educator & Consultant

1. Session on Freedoms of Air

2. Speaker Profile:
Md. Shaifullar Rabbi
Tourism Educator & Consultant
Professional Experiences
Coordinator & Lecturer- Dept. of Tourism &
Hospitality Management, Daffodil Institute of
IT(Affiliated National University)
Assessor -Bangladesh Technical Education Board
(Ticketing and Reservation)
Guest Trainer - Sheikh Hasina National Institute of
Youth Development
GuestTrainer - ATABTourismTraining Institute
GuestTrainer- HB AviationTraining Center
Guest Trainer - Bangladesh Hotel Management
TourismTraining Institute
Former Manager sales - Mamun Air Service (IATA
Travel Agency)
Founder –Travel Memoria
Educational Qualifications
MBA & BBA-Major in Tourism & Hospitality
Management, University of Dhaka.
Certified NTVQF Level -4/Assessor Part (Ticketing
And Reservation)
Completed Diploma Course in Travel Agency &
Tour Operation Management
Certified NTVQF Level 2 Course entitled Ticketing
& Reservation
Certified NTVQF Level 1 Course entitled Tour
Guiding

3. Freedoms of the Air
The freedoms of the air are a set of
commercial aviation rights granting a
country's airlines the privilege to enter and
land in another country's airspace. They were
formulated as a result of disagreements over
the extent of aviation liberalization in
the Convention on International Civil
Aviation of 1944, known as the Chicago
Convention. The United States had called for
a standardized set of separate air rights to be
negotiated between states, but most other
countries were concerned that the size of the
U.S. airlines would dominate air travel if there
were not strict rules. The freedoms of the air
are the fundamental building blocks of the
international commercial aviation route
network. The use of the terms "freedom" and
"right" confers entitlement to operate
international air services only within the
scope of the multilateral and bilateral treaties
(air services agreements) that allow them.

4. First Freedom of the Air
The right granted by one
State to another State or
States to fly across its
territory without landing. Also
known as overflight rights.
This has recently come to the
forefront with geopolitical
tensions and Russia
threatening to suspend
overflight or first
freedom rights for US and EU
carriers as a response to
sanctions.

5. Second Freedom of the Air
The right granted
by one State to
another State or
States to land in its
territory for non-
traffic purposes.
Also known as a
technical/ refueling
stop.

6. Third Freedom of the Air
The right
granted by one
State to another
State to fly in
traffic (revenue
passengers)
coming from the
home State of
the carrier.

7. Fourth Freedom ofThe Air
The right granted by
one State to
another State to
take on, in the
territory of the first
State, traffic
(revenue
passengers) destined
for the home State
of the carrier.

8. Fifth Freedom of the Air
The right granted by one State to
another State to put down and to take
on, traffic coming from or destined to a
third State. Also known as beyond
rights. Fifth freedom rights are coveted as
they give an airline the ability pick up
passengers and carry them to a third
destination which can help feed route
segments. Integrating fifth freedom rights
into overall airline network strategy is
fairly complex but when leveraged
effectively with a well thought out
strategy, these rights can help develop
new markets, promote the airline brand
and deliver overall profitability.

9. Sixth Freedom of the Air
The right of transporting,
via the home State of the
carrier, traffic moving
between two other
States. Though not
incorporated into any
agreement this is a
critical right. Carriers
such as the ones in
Middle East rely on this
right for the success of
their business models.

10. Seventh Freedom ofThe Air
The right granted by one
State to another State, of
transporting traffic between
two foreign states any with
no requirement to
necessarily operate to any
point in the territory of the
recipient State, i.e. the
service need not connect to
or be an extension of any
service to/from the home
State of the carrier.

11. Eighth Freedom ofThe Air
The right of transporting
cabotage traffic between two
points in the territory of the
granting State on a service
which originates or terminates
in the home country of the
foreign carrier. That is a foreign
airline flies from its home
country (Country A) to
Country B and then operates
domestic services in Country B.

12. Ninth Freedom ofThe Air
The right of
transporting cabotage
traffic of the granting
State on a service
performed entirely
within the territory of
the granting State.
That is a foreign
carrier operates
domestic services.

13. Criticism of 8th and 9th Freedom
The eighth and ninth freedoms are especially controversial because
they allow foreign carriers to fly on domestic routes (referred to as
cabotage). The U.S. which is the worlds largest air travel market
fiercely protects its own aviation market by not granting these
while several airlines consantly try to exert pressure to the U.S. to
open access to its aviation market by granting these rights. These
rights are granted in cases where a country may not have
developed its own aviation talent, infrastructure and ecosystem
and consequently has limited ability to support safe and reliable
air services. Eighth and ninth freedoms are also vehemently
opposed by labor unions as they claim it leads to outsourcing and
loss of jobs.