Color vision is initiated by light absorption in three types of cones in the eye that are sensitive to short, middle, and long wavelengths. While light itself is not colored, the human visual system interprets wavelengths of light to produce the perception of color. There are three key dimensions to human color experience: hue describes the color label like red or blue, saturation describes how pale or vivid a color appears, and brightness describes the apparent lightness or darkness of a color. Small color differences can be difficult to discriminate when the areas are small or not immediately adjacent. Color vision deficiencies refer to the inability to distinguish some color shades and can be inherited or acquired through illness, injury or other causes.

1. Color vision Manal Al-Romeih

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