seminar ppt on commerical building

2. Presentation on seminar topic
at
Construction process of
commercial building
SUBMITTED TO:-
PRIYANKA PANDAY
A.K. MATHUR
PERSENTED BY :-
LOKESH KUMAR ME
Final year (Civil)

3. •CONSTRUCTION PROCESS OF COMMERCIAL
MULTISTORY BUILDING:
EXCAVATION
FOUNDATION
COLUMN
COLUMN FOOTING
BEAM
SLAB
SALIENT FEATURES

4. EXCAVATION
Excavation is the process by which a part of land is
cleared for the construction process after the surveying
work has been done. It can be done on the ground level
or below the ground level or below the ground level
surface by means of machines like excavators,
bulldozers and sometimes blasting process is also
carried out wherever hard rock is formed.

5. Excavation

6. Particular hazards identified in relation to
excavation work include:
•The depth of excavation
•The presence of water
•Exposure to wet weather
•Vibration which may increase the potential to
collapse
•The presence of existing underground services
•Chemical gases

7. PLAIN CEMENT CONCRETE
Plain Cement Concrete is a mixture of
sand, coarse aggregate, and cement. It is
used below the footings of any
constructional structure, to make the
structure stronger and to resist designed
load. The main function of PCC is not to
allow ground water to enter the
footings.

9. FOUNDATION :It is that part of a structure which transmits the
weight of the structure to the ground.
The foundation should be designed such
that :
the soil below does not fail in shear.
The settlement is within the safe limit.
Foundation may be broadly classified into two
categories:
1.Shallow foundations
2.Pile foundations

10. SHALLOW
FOUNDATIONS:
a shallow foundation
transmits the loads to
the strata at a shallow
depth. If it is laid at a
depth equal to or less
than its width . Than we
consider shallow
foundation.

11. Types of shallow foundation:
•strip foundation
•Isolated foundation
•Combined foundation
•Strap or cantilever foundation
•Raft foundation

12. PILE FOUNDATION:
The ground surface is not
capable of supporting a
structure , deep foundation
are required to transfer the
loads to strata.

13. COLUMN
A column is an element used primarily to
support axial compressive loads and with a
height of at least three times its least lateral
Dimension. the strength of a column
depends on the strength of the materials,
shape and size of the cross section, length
and the degree of positional and directional
restrains and its ends.

14. TYPES OF COLUMN
SQUARE COLUMN
CIRCULAR COLUMN
RECTANGULAR COLUMN

15. SQUARE COLUMN

16. CIRCULAR COLUMN

17. RECTANGULAR COLUMN

18. COLUMN FOOTING
The structural unit constructed in masonry
or concrete under the base of a wall or a
column which distributes the structure load
over a large area of ground.

19. ISOLATED COLUMN FOOTING

20. BEAMS
Beams are
horizontal
structural element
that is capable of
withstanding load
primarily by
resisting bending.

21. TYPES OF BEAMS
SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAM
CANTILEVER BEAM
T BEAM

22. SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAM

23. CANTILEVER BEAM

24. T BEAM

25. SLAB
Slabs are the structural elements used
to cover the open space. They usually
carry a uniformly distributed load and
form the floor or roof of the building.

27. TYPES OF SLABS
ONE WAY SLAB
TWO WAY SLAB

28. Long span/short span >2
One way slab

29. Two –way slabs
Long span/short span < 2

30. SALIENT FEATURES
CONCRETE GRADE: M20
STEEL GRADE:FE-500 IS
BARS ARE USED IN COLUMN:
CIRCULAR COLUMN: 32MM
RACTANGULAR COLUMN:25MM
BARS USED IN BEAM:32MM
BARS USED IN SLAB:16MM
MORTAR RATIO:1:1½:3
SPACING OF BAR IN SLAB:10MM,8MM