This short slide presentation helps you gain a deeper understanding of Classical and Contemporary Theories of Educational Administration. The content of this presentation was mostly from different authors.
classical and contemporary theory of educational administration
1. Republic of the Philippines
WESTERN PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
Puerto Princesa Campus
Puerto Princesa City
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
GRADUATE SCHOOL
EDUC 301 PHILOSOPHICAL AND ETHICAL FOUNDATION OF EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION
Topic: Classical and Contemporary Theories
of Educational Administration
Professor: DR. DAVID R. PEREZ
Resource Person: LAY ANN G. MADARCOS
Simpokan Elementary School
2. Objectives
At the end of the discussion, graduate students should be
able to:
Define Classical and Contemporary Theories in Educational
Administration;
Differentiate classical and contemporary theories as
applied in our organization and present educational
system;
Analyze our educational system with classical and
contemporary theory as basis; and
Cite situations in Philippine Educational System that
negates or affirms the two theories.
3. Introduction
The classical and contemporary approach prompted the
start of a more systematic view of management and
attempted to provide some common principles applicable
to all organizations. These principles are still of relevance
in that they offer a useful starting point in attempting to
analyze the effectiveness of the design of organization
structure.
4. Conceptual Definition of Terms
Management – (Okumbe 1999) is the process of designing,
developing, and effecting organizational objectives and
resources as to achieve predetermined organizational goals.
Administration – (Remasay 1999:20) is a generalized type of
human behavior found in an organization.
Educational Management – application of theory and
practice to the field of education.
Educational Administration – process of acquiring and
allocating resources for the achievement of predetermined
educational goals.
5. Classical Theory of Educational
Administration
Classical organization theories deals with
the formal organization and concepts to
increase management efficiency.
Scientific Management Approach
Bureaucratic Approach
Administrative Theory
6. Scientific Management Approach (Taylor)
It is based on the concept of planning or work to achieve
efficiency, standardization, specialization, and
simplification.
To increase the level of trust:
The advantages of productivity improvement should go to workers;
Physical stress and anxiety should be eliminated as much as
possible;
Capabilities of workers should be develop through trainings; and
The traditional “boss” concept should be eliminated.
7. To improve productivity, Taylor developed the following
four (4) principles:
Science, not rule-of-thumb;
Scientific selection of the worker;
Management and labour cooperation rather than conflict;
and
Scientific training of the worker.
8. Bureaucratic Approach (Weber)
Considering the organization as a segment of broader
society, Weber (1947) based the concept of the formal
organization of the following (5) principles:
Structure
Specialization
Predictability and Stability
Rationality
Democracy
9. Administrative Theory (Fayol)
It relate to accomplishment of tasks, and include
principles of management, the concept of line and staff,
committees and functions of management.
The elements of administrative theory (Fayol, 1949):
Division of work or specialization
Authority and responsibility
Discipline
Unity of command
Unity of direction
Subordination of individual interest to general interest
Remuneration of personnel
10. Centralization
Scalar chain
Order
Equity
Stability of tenure of personnel
Initiative
Esprit de corps
The concept of line and staff
Committees
11. Classical theory works because it
described motivation only as a
function of economic rewards.
12. Contemporary Theories of Educational
Administration (Modern Theories)
Modern theories tend to be based on the concept that the
organization is a system which has to adapt to changes in its
environment.
Characteristic of modern approaches:
A systems viewpoint
A dynamic process of interaction
Multilevelled and multidimensional
Descriptive
Multivariable
Adaptive
13. Classification of Contemporary Theory
The Systems Approach
Socio-Technical Theory
A Contingency or Situational Approach
14. The Systems Approach
Views as a system composed of interconnected – and thus
mutually dependent sub-systems.
The organization consist of following three basic elements
(Bakke, 1959):
Components
Linking processes
Goals of organization
15. Components
There are five basic, interdependent parts of the
organizing team, namely:
The individual
The formal and informal organization
Patterns of behavior of the individual
Role of the individual
Physical environment in which individuals work
16. Linking Processes
The components in an organization are required to
operate in an organized and correlated manner. The
interaction between the is contingent upon the linking
process which consist of:
Communication
Balance
Decision analysis
17. Goals of Organization
The goals of an organization may be growth, stability, and
interaction.
Interaction implies how best the members of an
organization can interact with one another to their mutual
advantage.
18. Socio-Technical Approach
This approach is based on the premise that every
organization consist of people, the technical system and
the environment (Pasmore, 1988).
People (the social system) use tools, techniques and
knowledge (the technical system) to produce goods or
services valued by the consumers or users (who are part of
the organization’s external environment).
Therefore an equilibrium among the social system, the
technical system, and the environment is necessary to
make the organization more effective.
19. The Contingency of Situational Approach
The situational approach (Lawrence and Lorsch, 1967., et
al) is based on the belief that there cannot be universal
guidelines which are suitable for all situations.
Organizational system are inter-related with the
environment.
The contingency approach (Hellriegel and Slocum, 1973)
suggest that different environment requires different
organizational relationships for optimum effectiveness,
taking into consideration various social, legal, political,
technical, and economic factors.
20. Implication
Understanding of the development of management
thinking helps in understanding principles underlying the
process of management. These management thoughts laid
the foundation for a comprehensive theory of
management for modern day administration and
management. The application of theory brings about
change in actual behaviour. Thus, change brings
development in our society which results to the progress
of our country.
