Bahan Ajar Peralatan Life Support Elektromedik

1. LIFE SUPORT & LIFE SAVING
BELAJAR BERSAMA HAMRIN

2. Garis-Garis Besar Mata Kuliah
• Konsep – konsep dasar peralatan Lifesupport dan Lifesaving.
• Patient Monitor : Dasar teori dan Fungsi, Blok diagram fungsional,
pengoperasian pemeliharaan, trouble shooting dan pengujian EKG, SpO2,
NIBP, IBP dan temperatur.
• Bedside-Central monitor Dasar teori dan fungsii, pengoperasian,
pemeliharaan, troubleshooting dan pengujian alat.
• Infussion Pump : Dasar teori dan fungsii, pengoperasian, pemeliharaan,
troubleshooting dan pengujian Infussion Pump.
• Syringe Pump : Dasar teori dan fungsii, pengoperasian, pemeliharaan,
troubleshooting dan pengujian Syrnge pump.
• Ventilator: Dasar teori dan fungsi, pengoperasian, pemeliharaan,
troubleshooting dan pengujian ventilator.
• Bubble CPAP: Dasar teori dan fungsii, pengoperasian, pemeliharaan,
troubleshooting dan pengujian ventilator.
• Defibrillator Monitor : Dasar teori dan fungsi, cara pengoperasian,
pemeliharaan dan troubleshooting dan pengujian defibrillator.
• Baby Incubator: Dasar teori dan fungsi, cara pengoperasian, pemeliharaan
dan troubleshooting.

3. Konsep Dasar
Peralatan Life Support dan Life Saving merupakan alat
alat yang dapat mendukung hidup manusia yang
mengalami kegagalan pada fungsi organ vitalnya misal
jantung, paru-paru.
Life support refers to the treatments and techniques
performed in an emergency in order to support life after
the failure of one or more vital organs. Healthcare
providers and emergency medical tecnicians are
generally certified to perform basic and advanced life
support procedures; however, basic life support is
sometimes provided at the scene of an emergency by
family members or bystanders before emergency
services arrive

4. Patient Monitor
A typical high end patient monitor system has 5 basic
subsystems: ECG, pulse oximetry, blood pressure, body
temperature and respiration. Typically the most critical
components in each system are the sensor circuits.
Each module uses a different sensor and signal
conditioning circuit. For example, the ECG uses electrodes
to measure the electric pulse from the heart. The pulse
oximetry (SpO2) uses a light-emitting diode and light
sensor to measure oxygen content. Blood pressure is
typically measured using a piezo-resistive pressure
transducer.

5. Oksimetri
Oksimeter adalah alat yang sangat diperlukan
oleh klinisi yang melakukan tindakan/
intervensi bedah untuk mengetahui saturasi
oksigen dalam darah. Komponen oksimeter ini
biasanya diintegrasikan dalam peralatan
monitor yang tampil dan menjadi panduan
dokter ahli bedah dan anestesi di ruang
operasi untuk memantau kondisi pasien.
Oksimetri termasuk alat kategori non invasiv
Fungsinya mengamati titik jenuh oksigen di
pembuluh darah arteri.

6. Oksimetri menggunakan light emitting diode
berwarna merah dan infra red yang tidak
nampak,alat ini menampilkan frekuensi
denyut jantung dan saturasi
oksigen,parameter yang menjadi andalan dan
sangat berguna untuk mengetahui kondisi
pasien saat pemeriksaan dan atau
intervensi/pembedahan.

7. Welch Allyn® 1500
Patient Monitor

9. Samping.
Koneksi

14. NIBP Test setup

17. • Blok diagram of A Patient Monitor

18. BLOOD PRESSURE
In blood pressure biometric modules, the most
critical function is the pressure sensor circuit. Here
precision amplifiers are used to detect very small
signals from the transducer and amplify them to a
level suitable for ADC processing. This is typically
followed by an active filter to limited unwanted
noise at higher frequencies. Amplifiers with low
noise, low drift and high gain are necessary to
minimize measurement errors and ensure accurate
readings.

20. ELEKTROCARDIOGRAF (ECG /EKG)
Merupakan instrumen medik untuk mengukur dan
merekam biopotensial yang ditimbulkan oleh aktivitas
listrik otot jantung

22. Kerja Jantung

23. ECG

24. ECG 3 CHANNELS

25. Koneksi ECG-Patient Monitor

31. • Durasi
• Polaritas
• Magnitude
• Heart Rate : bpm (beat per minute)
RR
60
BPM


DATA ECG YANG PENTING :

34. Pola Grafik EKG
• Gelombang P: depolarisasi atrium
• Gelombang Q: depolarisasi di berkas his
• Gelombang R: depolarisasi menyebar dr
bgn dalam ke bgn luar dasar ventrikel
• Segmen PR: waktu yg dibutuhkan oleh
impuls dari SA node ke AV node; terjadi
perlambatan AV node
• Gelombang S: depolarisasi menyebar
naik dr bgn dasar ventrikel
• Kompleks QRS: depolarisasi ventrikel
• Segmen ST: waktu sejak akhir
depolarisasi ventrikel sebelum terjadi
repolarisasi (fase plateau); saat tjd
kontraksi & pengosongan ventrikel
• Gelombang T: repolarisasi atrium
• Interval TP: waktu saat terjadinya
relaksasi & pengisian ventrikel

35. SPESIFIKASI ECG
• Impedansi input : > 5 MW
• Response frekuensi : + 0,5 dB -3 dB (0,14 Hz –
25 Hz hingga 100 Hz)
AMPLITUDA GELOMBANG ECG

36. BLOK DIAGRAM ECG

37. BLOK DIAGRAM ECG

38. Troubleshooting ECG
No Fault Possible Cause Solution
1
ECG traces
have artifacts
or base line
drift
Improper
grounding
Try with battery power only. If the
recording improves than problem is with
grounding.
Check the grounding.
Power the machine from another outlet
with proper electrical ground
2
ECG traces
have artifacts in
one or more
traces but no
on all traces
Improper
electrode
connection with
patient or
problem with
the ECG cable
Check the patient cable continuity with
continuity tester . Replace cable if found
faulty
Check the electrode expiration date.
Check patient skin preparation .
Check limb electrodes end chest
electrode for damage replace if
necessary.
3
Paper feed not
advancing
Incorrect paper
loading
Use instructions to reload paper

39. 4
Printing not
clear or not
uniform
Printing
head
problem
Adjust the printing head
temperature or position.
Clean the printing head with
head cleaner. If no
improvement , replace the
printing head.
Check the paper roller and
replace if not smooth
5
The machine
shuts down
after a few
minutes
while on
battery
power
Problem
with battery
or charging
circuit
Recharge the unit overnight
If there is no improvement
then replace the battery
If still no improvement refer
to technician

41. BEDSIDE CENTRAL MONITOR