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1. Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Bhilai'
Name of program: Bachelor of Engineering
·Branch: Computer Science & En!{ineering
Subject: Computer HIW Maintenance Lab
Total Lab Periods: 36
Maximum Marks: 40
List ofExperiments: (AtleastTen experiments are to be perfOrmed by each student)
I) Assembling ofa Personal Computer:
Semester:
Code:
Batch Size:
Minimum Marks:
a. Identifying parts of mother board, power connections and locating other connectors.
b. Interconnection ofdisk drive units, keyboard, mouse and monitor.
2) Hard disk partitioning and OS installation:
a. Partitioning the hard disk using FDISK/ Partition Magic/ Disk Manager
b. Installation of Windows XP/2000/Pro
c. Installation ofLinux kernel (possibly with dual boot option).
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3) Circuit Tracing: Using Multimeter and continuity test mode, to trace a given circuit board and draw the schematic.
4) Load testing ofSMPS: Testing the given SMPS ofa PC using a multimeter
Task 1 :Identify the peripherals of a computer, components in a CPU and its functions. Draw the block diagram of the CPU along
with the configuration ofeach peripheral and submit to your instructor.
Task 2: Every student should disassemble and assemble the PC back to working condition. Lab instructors should verify the work
and follow it up with a Viva. Also students need to go through the video which shows the process of assembling a PC. A video
would be given as part of the course content.
Task 3: Every student should individually install Windows/Ubuntu/Fedora in dual boot and virtual OS on the personal computer.
Lab instructor should verify the installation and follow it up with a Viva.
Task 4: Every student should install Linux on the computer. This computer should have windows installed. The system should be
configured as dual boot with both windows and Linux. Lab instructors should verify the installation and follow it up with a Viva
Task 5: Several mini tasks would be that covers Basic commands in Linux and Basic system administration in Linux which
includes: Basic Linux commands in bash, Create hard and symbolic links, Text processing, Using wildcards
Task 6: Hardware Troubleshooting: Students have to be given a PC which does not boot due to improper assembly or defective
peripherals. They should identify the problem and fix it to get the computer back to working condition. The work done should be
verified by the instructor and followed up with a Viva
Task 7: Software Troubleshooting: Students have to be given a malfunctioning CPU due to System software problems. They
should identify the problem and fix it to get the computer back to working condition. The work done should be verified by the
instructor and followed up with a Viva.
Task 8: The test consists ofvarious systems with Hardware I Software related troubles,Formatted disks without operating systems.
Internet & World Wide Web ,.
Task 9: Orientation& Connectivity Boot Camp: Students should get connected to their Local Area Network and access the
Internet. In the process they configure the TCPIIP setting. Finally Students should demonstrate, to the instructor, bow to access the
websites and email. Ifthere is no Internet connectivity preparations need to be made by the instructors to simulate the WWW on the
LAN.
Task 10: Web Browsers, Surfing the Web: Students customize their web browsers with the LAN proxy settings, bookmarks,
search toolbars and pop up blockers. Also, plug-ins like Macromedia Flash and JRE for applets should be configured.
Task 11: Search Engines & Netiquette: Students should know what search engines are and how to use the search engines. A few
topics would be given to the students for which they need to search on Google. This should be demonstrated to the instructors.
List of Equipment I Machine Required:
I. Computer Hardware trainer
2. Old computing system -should be used for training
3. Prepare museum ofantique computer components for display in laboratory
Recommended Books:
I. Computer Repair with Diagnostic Flowcharts Third Edition: Troubleshooting PC Hardware Problems from Boot Failure to
Poor Performance - Morris Rosenthal
2. A+ Guide to Hardware: Managing, Maintaining, and Troubleshooting: by Jean Andrews

2. MOTHERBOARD :-There are primarily two types ofmotherboards-
1. AT motherboard- AT motherboards are older and not commonly used now a days. Full AT is 12" wide x 13.8" deep, and
Baby AT is 8.57" wide x 13.04" deep, AT has 5-pin large keyboard connector. AT has single row two connectors +/-5V,
and +/-12V,
2. ATX motherboard- Full-ATX is 12" wide x 9.6" deep and Mini-ATX is 11.2" wide x 8.2" deep. ATX has 6-pin
mini connector ATX motherboard has double row single connector providing +/-5V, +/-12V, and +3.3V.
A typical ATX PC motherboard with constituent components is given below:
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Fig.-Connector side of ATX motherboard

3. The important constituent components of an ATX Motherboard are given below:
1. Mouse & keyboard 2.USB 3. Parallel port
4. CPU Chip 5. RAM slots 6. Floppy controller
7. IDE controller 8. PCI slot 9. ISA slot
10. CMOS Battery 11. AGP slot 12. CPU slot
13. Power supply plug in
1. Mouse & keyboard: Keyboard Connectors are two types basically. All PCs have a Key board port
connected directly to the motherboard. The oldest, but still quite common type, is a special DIN, and
most PCs until recently retained this style connector. The AT-style keyboard connector is quickly
disappearing, being replaced by the smaller mini DIN PS/2-style keyboard connector.
Clock 5
GND 3
Data 1
6 NC
4 +5V
2 NC
You can use an AT-style keyboard with a PS/2-style socket (or the
other way around) by using a converter. Although the AT connector
is unique in PCs, the PS/2-style mini-DIN is also used in more
modern PCs for the mouse. Fortunately, most PCs that use the
mini-DIN for both the keyboard and mouse clearly mark each mini-
DIN socket as to its correct use. Some keyboards have a USB
connection, but these are fairly rare compared to the. PS/2connection keyboards.
2. USB (Universal serial bus): USB is the General-purpose connection for PC. You can find USB
versions of many different devices, such as mice, keyboards, scanners, cameras, and even printers. a
USB connector's distinctive rectangular shape makes it easily recognizable. USB has a number of
features that makes it particularly popular on PCs. First, USB devices are hot swappable. You can
insert or remove them without restarting your system.
3. Parallel port: Most printers use a special connector called a parallel port. Parallel port carry data on
more than one wire, as opposed to the serial port, which uses only one wire. Parallel ports use a 25-
pin female DB connector. Parallel ports are directly supported by the motherboard through a direct
connection or through a dangle.
4.CPU Chip :The central processing unit, also called the microprocessor performs all the calculations
that take place inside a pc. CPUs come in Variety of shapes and sizes. Modern CPUs generate a lot of
heat and thus require a cooling fan or heat sink. The cooling device (such as a cooling fan) is
removable, although some CPU manufactures sell the CPU with a fan permanently attached.

4. 5. RAM slots: Random-Access Memory (RAM) stores programs and data currently being used by the
CPU. RAM is measured in units called bytes. RAM has been packaged in many different ways. The
most current package is called a 168-pin DIMM (Duallnline Memory module).
6. Floppy controller: The floppy drive connects to the computer via a 34-pin ribbon cable, which in
turn connects to the motherboard. A floppy controller is one that is used to control the floppy drive.
7. IDE controller: Industry standards define two common types of hard drives: EIDE and SCSI. Majority
of the PCs use EIDE drives. SCSI drives show up in high end PCs sljch as network servers or graphical
workstations. The EIDE drive connects to the hard drive via a 2-inch-wide, 40-pin ribbon cable, which
in turn connects to the motherboard. IDE controller is responsible for controlling the hard drive.
8. PCI slot: Intel introduced the Peripheral component interconnect bus protocol. The PCI bus is used
to connect 1/0 devices (such as NIC or RAID controllers) to the main logic of the computer. PCI bus
has replaced the ISA bus.
9. ISA slot: {Industry Standard Architecture) It is the standard architecture of the Expansion bus.
Motherboard may contain some slots to connect ISA compatible cards.
10. CMOS Battery: To provide CMOS with the power when the computer is turned off all
motherboards comes with a battery. These batteries mount on the motherboard in one of three
ways: the obsolete external battery, the most common onboard battery, and built-in battery.
11. AGP slot: If you have a modern motherboard, you will almost certainly notice a single connector
that looks like a PCI slot, but is slightly shorter andusually brown. You also probably have a video card
inserted into this slot. This is an Advanced Graphics Port {AGP) slot
12. CPU slot: To install the CPU, just slide it straight down into the slot. Special notches in the slot
make it impossible to install them incorrectly. So remember if it does not go easily, it is probably not
correct. Be sure to plug in the CPU fan's power.
13. Power supply plug in: The Power supply, as its name implies, provides the necessary electrical
power to make the pc operate. the power supply takes standard 110-V AC power and converts into
+/-12-Volt, +/-5-Volt, and 3.3-Volt DC power.
The power supply connector has 20-pins, and the connector can go in only one direction.
BIOS
1 2 J 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
HIHIHHl11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

5. PROCCESSORS :The brain or engine of the PC is the processor (sometimes called
microprocessor}, or central processing unit (CPU). The CPU performs the system's
calculating and processing. The processor is easily the most expensive single component in
the system, costing up to four or more times greater than the motherboard it plugs into.
Intel is generally
credited with creating the first microprocessor in 1971 with the introduction of a chip
called the 4004.thei are some types of processor
8085 : Intel released the 8085, its follow up to the 8080, in March of 1976. Even though it predated
the Z-80 by several months, it never achieved the popularity of the Z-80 is personal computer
systems. It was popular as an embedded controller, finding use in scales and other computerized
equipment. The 8085 ran at 5MHz and contained 6,500 transistors. It was built on a 3-micron process
and incorporated an 8-bit data bus.
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8086: Intel introduced the 8086 in June 1978. The 8086 chip brought with it the original x86
instruction set that is still present on x86-compatible chips such as the Pentium Ill. A dramatic
improvement over the previous chips, the 8086 was a full 16-bit design with 16-bit internal registers
and a 16-bit data bus. This meant that it could work on 16-bit numbers and data internally and also
transfer 16-bits at a time in and out of the chip. The 8086contained 29,000 transistors and initially ran
at up to 5MHz. The chip also used 20-bit addressing, meaning it could directly address up to 1MB of
memory. Although not directly backward compatible with the 8080, the 8086 instructions and
language was very similar and allowed older programs to be ported over quickly to run. This later
proved important to help jumpstart the PC software revolution with recycled CP/M (8080) software.
Although the 8086 was a great chip, it was expensive at the time and more importantly required an
expensive 16-bit support chip and board design. To help bring costs down, in 1979.

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80486: lntel80486 (normally abbreviated as 486) was another major leap forward. The additional
power available in the 486 fueled tremendous growth in the software industry. Tens of millions of
copies of Windows, and millions of copies of OS/2, have been sold largely because the 486 finally
made the GUI of Windows and OS/2 a realistic option for people who work on their computers every
day. the 486 chips.were offered in a variety of maximum speed ratings, varying from 16MHz up to
120MHz.
AMD makes a line of 486-compatible chips that install into standard 486
motherboards. In fact, AMD makes the fastest 486 processor available, which it calls the
Am5x86(TM)-P75. The name is a little misleading, as the 5x86 part makes some people think that this
is a fifth-generation Pentium-type processor. In reality, it is a fast clock-multiplied (4x clock) 486 that
runs at four times the speed of the 33MHz 486 motherboard you plug it into. The 5x85 offers high-
performance features such as a unified 16KB write-back cache and 133MHz core clock speed; it is
approximately comparable to a Pentium 75, which is why it is denoted with a P-75 in the part
number. It is the ideal choice for cost-effective 486 upgrades, where changing the motherboard is
difficult or impossible.
This have different type 486DX Processors, 486SL, 486SX, 487SX.

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Pentium Processors : On October 19, 1992, Intel announced that the fifth generation of its
compatible microprocessor line (code-named P5) would be named the Pentium processor rather
than the 586, as everybody had been assuming. Calling the new chip the 586 would have been
natural, but Intel discovered that it could not trademark a number=designation, and the company
wanted to prevent other manufacturers from using the same name for any clone chips that they
might develop. The actual Pentium chip=shipped on March 22, 1993. Systems that use these chips
were only a few months behind.=The Pentium is fully compatible with previous Intel processors, but it
also differs from them in many ways. At least one of these differences is revolutionary The Pentium
features twin data pipelines, which enable it to execute two instructions at the same time. The 486
and all preceding chips can perform only a single=instruction at a time. Intel calls the capability to
execute two instructions at the same time superscalar technology. This technology provides
additional performance compared with the 486.

8. Pentium Processor 75, 90. 100. 120. 133. 150. 166.200MHz
Fig. pin diagram of Pentium processor
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iseries processors :This processor is come in the sth generation of computers. It is faster then other
proccessors. The processor contains one or more PCI devices within a single physical component. The
configuration registers for these devices are mapped as devices residing on the PCI Bus assigned for
the processor socket.
The new standard for PC performance has arrived 6th generation Intel Core processors Our blazing
fast, feature packed processor family with built-in security is ready to take your productivity,
creativity and 3D gaming to the next level. And, by enabling new exciting WindowslO features, the
6th generation Intel Core processors empower you to unleash your imagination and explore the
possibilities.
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9. MEMORY : in the computer the memory have two division-
1# PRIMARY :this is divided in two to devices :-
1. RA~(REANDOM ACCESS MEMORY) :RAM is the place in a computer where the
operating system, application programs, and data in current use are kept so that they can be
quickly reached by the computer's processor. RAM is much faster to read from and write to
than the other kinds of storage in a computer, the hard disk, floppy disk, and CD-ROM.
However, the data in RAM stays there only as long as your computer is running. When you
turn the computer off, RAM loses its data. When you turn your computer on again, your
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10. 2.ROM(READ ONLY MEMORY) :
ROM is "built-in" computer memory containing data that normqlly can
only be read, not written to. ROM contains the programming that allows
your computer to be "booted up" or regenerated each time you turn it
on. Unlike a computer's random access memory (RAM), the data in ROM
is not lost when the computer power is turned off. The ROM is sustained
by a small long-life battery in your computer. If you ever do the
hardware setup procedure with your computer, you effectively will be
writing to ROM.
fig.- ROM(READ ONLY MEMORY)
RAM versus ROM
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2# SECONDARY :this type of memory devices is used in computer through RAM.
This are several types-
1. Hard Disk Drive- The hard disk drive (Abbreviated as HDD or HD) holds the main storage media of a
computer. A HDD consists of several platters (or hard disks) along with head actuator, head arm secured in
a chassis. A schematic diagram of a HDD is shown in the figure (a).The individual hard disks (platters) are
used to store the information. The storage is achieved by depositing a thin magnetic film on either side of
each disk. The disks are mounted on a rotary drive.
Basically, the surface of each disk is divided into concentric Tracks. Then each track is divided into Sectors.
The data is accessed by specifying the disk number, track number, and the sector number. The disks rotate
at a very high speed (several thousands of revolutions per minute), enabling very fast read and write
operations. The magnetically sensitive head reads/writes information when the disks rotate. The disks are
sealed to prevent any dust or moisture entering the drive.
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There are several standards connected with the Hard Disk Drives. These include the following:
c IDEIEIDE
D SCSI
Serial ATA
1 Notebook IDE/PATA
IDE!EIDE Hard Disk Drives:
IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics), also known as ATA is used with IBM compatible hard drives. IDE and its
successor, Enhanced IDE (EIDE), are the commonly used with most Pentium computers.. Enhanced IDE (EIDE)
is the enhanced version of IDE technology, and supports faster access to the hard disks.
Small Computer Systems Interface (SCSI): SCSI is commonly used with server grade machines. IDE supports
only two drives (one master drive and one slave drive) per channel, whereas SCSI can support 8 or more hard
drives. There are different versions of SCSI available today. Different versions of SCSI include the following:
1. SCSI-1 2. SCSI-2 3. SCSL-3
4. Ultra-2 5. Ultra-3 6. Ultra-320
7. Ultra-640 8. iSCSl 9. Serial SCSI
Ptn 39

12. The various standards primarily differ in the following:
c Maximum throughput (MB/sec) Figure: A40-pin IDE cable connector
o Maximum cable length, and
o Maximum number ofdevices that could be connected.
For example, SCSI-I has a throughput of 5MB/sec, where as SCSI-3 can go up to 40MB/sec.
Serial ATA (SATA):
2.DVD and DVD RW
Serial ATA (SATA) is a next generation technology
based on ATA, and for transfer ofdata to and from
a hard disk. Earlier, ATA was used to mean parallel
transfer of bits between the motherboard and the
hard drive. However, with the advent ofSATA,
traditional ATA was named as PATA (Parallel
ATA). IDE/EIDE is usually associated with PATA.
DVD stands for Digital Video Disk (Also known as Digital Versatile Disk). Essentially, DVD looks very
similar to CD-R, but contains larger storage space and can hold video, audio, and/or computer data. A
single-layer, single-sided DVD has a capacity of4.7GB where as a CD-ROM has a capacity ofaround
650MB. A double-layer, double-sided DVD-ROM disk can have capacity over 17GB. The DVD
specification supports access rates of600KBps to 1.3MBps.
DVD-R is a once-recordable form ofDVD. DVD-RW or DVD-RIRW can be written multiple times.
Many DVD drives can read data from a CD-R. But, some DVD drives may not be able to read CD-Rs.
You need to ensure compatibility with CD-R when procuring a DVD drive. Normally, CD-R drives are
not compatible with DVD, and you will not be able to read a DVD using a CDR.
The original speed rating for DVDs is different from that ofa CD-R. For a DVD, lx is 1352.54KB/sec.
Following the convention, 2x for a DVD drive is 2,705KB/sec, 4x is 5,410KB/sec, 8x is 10,820KB/sec,
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and 16x would be 21,640KB/sec.
A DVD drive is shown in the figure above. It looks very similar to that of a CD drive.
Fig. digital versatile disk (DVD)
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13. 3.FLOPY: A floppy disk is a magnetic storage medium for computer systems. The floppy disk is
composed of a thin, flexible magnetic disk sealed in a square plastic carrier. In order to read and write data
from a floppy disk, a computer system must have a floppy disk drive (FDD). A floppy disk is also referred
to simply as a floppy. Since the early days of personal computing, floppy disks were widely used to
distribute software, transfer files, and create back-up copies ofdata. When hard drives were still very
expensive, fl"oppy disks were also used to store the operating system of a computer.
A floppy disk, also called a diskette or just disk, is a type of disk storage composed of a
disk of thin and flexible magnetic storage medium, sealed in a rectangular plastic carrier lined with fabric that
removes dust particles.Floppy disks are
SPINDlE ASSEMBLY/
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4.PEN-DRIVE: A pen drive is a portable Universal Serial Bus (USB) flash memory device for storing
and transferring audio, video, and data files from a computer. As long as the desktop or laptop has a USB port,
and the pen drive is compatible with the operating system, it should be easy to move the data from the hard
drive to the device- and to another computer- in a matter of minutes. The drive gets its name from the fact
that many have a retractable port connector like a ballpoint pen, and they are small enough to fit into a pocket.
Other names include flash drive, jump drive, and thumb drive.
Structure of USB Drive . - - -~~
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14. CONNCTERS AND CABLES I
1# Serial Ports: The serial port is an Asynchronous port which transmits data one bit of dati at a time.
Serial port hardware usually consists ofa UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver!fransmitter).
Most commonly used serial ports are given below:
1. 089: DB9 adheres to the RS-232c interface standard. It has 9 pins as shown in the figure. The
connector is "D" shaped, and easy to recognize. The function ofeach pin is described below.
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Pin Description
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Pin2 Received DATA Rx data
Pin 3 Transmitted Data TxData
Pin 4
Data Terminal Ready
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Pin 5 Signal Ground Gnd
Pin6 Data Set Ready DSR
Pin 7 Request To Send RTS
Pin 8 Clear To Send CTS
Pin 9 Ring Indicator Rl
2. 0825:
1
DB25 adheres to the RS-232C interface standard. It has 25 pins as shown in the figure. The
connector is "D" shaped, and easy to recognize. DB-25 is normally used in older computers, and
not much used in modern day computers.
13
DB-25 Male Connector
3. RJ-11:
RJ-11 is a 4-wire connector, commonly used with a modem. It should not be confused with bigger RJ-45 cable
and connector. RJ-45 is commonly used for Ethernet network interface card (NIC).

15. [
D
~
~1
-----A2
A3-
A4
Schematic of RJ-11 Connector
Pin # Function
Al Ground
A2 Rx (Data
Input)
A3 Tx (Data
Output)
A4 Vc (Power)
4. RJ-45:
An RJ-11 Cable with Connector
An RJ-45 connector has 4 pairs of wires as shown in the schematic diagram below. Note that an RJ-11 is a 4-wire
connector, where as RJ-45 is an 8-wire connector.
r--1
I I
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
' ' '
' ' '' ' ' Bro
' ' I
' 'I
'
Brown
wn
/w'hite
' ' Green
' 'I
8lue/w'hite
'
' Blue
'
Green/V./h1te
: Orange
Orange/w"h1te
RJ-45 connector schematic
RJ-45 connector crimped to a cable.
RJ-45 connector is commonly used for Ethernet Networking ports. Devices that normally use RJ-45 ports include
NICs, Hubs, Switches, and Routers.
There are basically two types ofcables. One is Straight-through cable, and the other is Cross-over cable.
Straight-through cables are used for connecting a network device to a work station. Cross-over cables are used
for connecting a hub to a switch or a hub to another hub.
2# Parallel Ports:
1. DB-25
DB-25 connector is most commonly used in conjunction with a parallel printer. It has an 8 bit data bus as shown
in the figure below.

16. Pin # Function Pin# Function
Pin 1 Strobe Pin 10 Acknowledge
Pin 2 Data Bit 0 Pin 11 Busy
Pin 3 Data Bit 1 Pin 12 Paper End
Pin4 Data Bit 2 Pin 13 Select
Pin 5 Data Bit 3 Pin 14 Auto Feed
Pin 6 Data Bit 4 Pin 15 Error
Pin 7 Data Bit 5 Pin 16 Initialize Printer
Pin 8 Data Bit 6 Pin 17 Select Input
Pin 9 Data Bit 7 Pin 18-Pin25 Ground (return for
pins 0-7)
Other Type of Parallel Ports:
Enhanced Parallel Port (EPP): The Enhanced Parallel Port (EPP) operates close to ISA bus speed and can
achieve transfer rates up to 1 to 2MB/sec ofdata.
Enhanced Capabilities Port (ECP): The Enhanced Capabilities Port (ECP), is an additional enhanced Parallel
port.
Parallel port.
Connectors and Cables -ii
1. USB
USB stands for Universal Serial Bus. The most important features of USB bus include the
following:
Plug'n'Piay: USB is a truly plug-n-play port. The port is automatically detected by the system,
and its ready to use.
"' Hot plug and unplug: It is possible to insert an USB device and and unplug without affecting
the functioning ofa computer. You dont need to power-off the computer to remove or insert a
USB device.
127 physical devices: A USB can support up to 127 devices. This is much more than what is
normally required.
Low cost cables and connectors
USB A
Front Vie""
~ Ie , I
~ 3 2 1
USB 8 Front View
4HIDl111 ~] I 1 ~ 2
4 3

17. Pin# Function
Pin I +5VDC
Pin 2 Data-
Pin 3 Data+
Pin 4 Ground
2. FireWire/IEEE1394
FireWire!fEEE1394 port provides data rates up to 400 Mb/sec. The standard is most suitable for transferring high
volumes of information including video, and voice data.
Given below are some of the important features ofiEEE 1394 standard:
D Based on open licensing system.
" Digital transmission with data rates of 100, 200, or 400 mega bits per second (Mb/sec).
[ Plug and play: Automatically detected by the operating system during start-up or during usage.
Hot pluggable: Cables can be connected and disconnected without turning off power to the computer.
Flexible: You can connect FireWire cables in a daisy-chain or in branching cable configurations.
Peer-to-peer functionality
:::::: Compatibility, lower speed USB devices can be connected with higher speed devices.
D Supports both asynchronous (Based on request-and-acknowledge form of computer communication,
used typically with dial-up modems). and isochronous data transfer.( Continuous, guaranteed data
transmission at a pre-determined speed. Useful for video and audio).
4 PIN IEEE1394 (without Power)
4 3 2 1
[[§E
A IEEE 1394 Connector schematic
Pin Function
Pin #1 Twisted-pair B, differential signals,
TPB-
Pin #2 Twisted-pair B, differential signals,
TPB+
Pin #3 Twisted-pair A, differential signals,
TPA-
Pin #4 Twisted-pair A, differential signals,
TPA+
6 PIN IEEE1394 (with Power):
IEEE1394 6-pin connector schematic.
IFunction
Power, 18-28v no load.
Ground

18. 3 Twisted-pair B, differential signals, TPB-
4 Twisted-pair B, differential signals, TPB+
5 Twisted-pair A, differential signals, TPA-
6 Twisted-pair A, differential signals, TPA+
PC Power Supplies : PC power supplies deliver required DC power to the computer
electronic sub-systems including Motherboard, Hard drive, CDROM drive, Keyboard, Mouse,
and others. Usually, regular CRT monitors derive power separately from the mains. PC power
supplies work by converting the AC mains power supply to required DC power supplies.
There are mainly two types of power supplies used in computers:
u ATX Power Supply
ATX12V Power Supply
ATX12V power supplies are intended to be downward compatible with ATX power supplies.
The voltages produced by ATX/ATX12V power supplies are:
I. +3.3 Volts DC
2. +5 Volts DC
3. -5 Volts DC
4. +5 Volts DC Standby
5. +12 Volts DC
ATX and ATX12V power supply connectors pin configuration is shown below
Motherboard Power Motherboard Power
(+3 3V) Orange 1 13. Orange (T3 3V)
(+3 3V) Orange 2 1J Blue (·12V) Onngo>- I 11 -or~ng~
(GND) Black 15 Black (GND) Or;on9~- 2 2 -BLUE
(+5V) Red 4 16 Green (PS-0 BLAC '- 3 13 - BL/I.Cf
(GNO) Black 5 17 Black (GND)
(+SV) Red fi 1R Black (GND) REO- 4 1-l -GREEN
(GNO) Black 7 19 Black (GNO) 8L.0.Cf'- 5 15 u-BU•.CI<
(PG) Gray 8 20 Not Used REO- 6 1G -BL.~.C
(+5VSB) Violet 9 21 Red(...5V) BLOCf- 7 17 - 8Li'.CK
(+12V) Yellow 10 22 Red(+5V)
(+12V) Yellow , 23 Red(...5V) GRAY- 8 18 ->./HITE
{+3 3V) Orange 12 24 Black (GND) PURPLE- 9 19 -REO
YELLOw- 10 20 -RED
ATX12V Connector (it has 24 pins) ATX Connector (it has 20 pins)
In addition to the Motherboard power connector, a power supply may have a CPU power connector, and an
Auxiliary power connector.
l

19. CPU Power
(GND) Black Yellow ( 12V)
(GND) Black Yellow ( 12V)~.;_..;.;..c;...~
6-pin Aux Connector
U
GNO(blacf)
GND(blacf)
[ GNDiblacf)
+ 3. 31 DC (Red)
+ 3. 31 D C(Red)
+ SVDC(fellow)
Following are the most commonly used power supply connectors:
0 4 Pin Berg Connector: Used to connect the PSU to small form factor devices, such as 3.5" floppy
drives. Available in: ATX & ATX12V
0 4 Pin Molex Connector 4 Pin Molex Connector: This is used to power various components, including
hard drives and optical drives. Available in: ATX and ATX12V
0 20 Pin Molex ATX Power Connector: This is used to power the motherboard in ATX
systems.available in: ATX (ATX12V have 24 pins)
0 4 Pin Molex P4 12V Power Connector: Used specifically for Pentium 4 Processor Motherboards.
available in: ATX (integrated into the power connector in ATX12V)
0 6 Pin AUX Connector 6 Pin AUX Connector: Provides +5V DC, and two connections of+3.3V.available
in: ATX/ATX12V To power up an ATX or ATX12V PSU for testing, short pin 14 (PS_ON) with any ofthe
ground pins.
INPUT/OUTPUT DIVICES
1# INPUTDIVICES: the devices through we input the data in computer.
Their are several typed of input devices -
!.KEYBOARD: it is the input device to operate the computer and inset data's like numbers and text.
2.MOUSE; it is help to easily operate computer with key board.

20. r 3.SCANNER : Computer peripheral or a stand-alone device that converts a document, film,
graphic, or photograph to a digital image, manipulable through an appropriate software. When used with
an optical character recognition (OCR) software, a scanner can convert printed, typewritten (and, with
some devices, handwritten) text into a digital file that can be read by a word processor
4.WEBCAM: A webcam - short for 'web camera'- is a digital camera that's connected to a
computer. It can send live pictures from wherever it's sited to another location by means ofthe
internet. Many desktop computer screens and laptops come with a built-in camera and microphone, but
ifyours doesn't, you can add a separate webcam at any time.
5. MICROPHONE:- Computer Definition. A device containing a transducer for converting
sound waves into electrical signals that can then be amplified, transmitted, and output through a
speaker.
2#0UTPUT DEVICES: the device by which we can take the data from computers
l.MONITR : a monitor is a computer display and related parts packaged in a physical unit that is
separate from other parts ofthe computer. Notebook computers don't havemonitors because all the
display and related parts are integrated into the same physical unit with the rest ofthe computer

21. 2.PRINTER: a printer is a device that accepts text and graphic output from a computer and transfers
the information to paper, usually to standard size sheets of paper. Printers are sometimes sold with
computers, but more frequently are purchased separately. Printers vary in size, speed, sophistication, and
cost
3.SPEACKER: Speakers are one ofthe most common output devices used with computer systems....
The speakers receive audio input from a device such as a computer or an audio receiver.... Analog
speakers simply amplify the analog electromagnetic waves into sound waves.
C Can Stock Photo- csp13309821
l

22. Task 6: Hardware Troubleshooting: Students have to be given a PC which does not boot due to improper assembly or defective
peripherals. They should identity the problem and fix it to get the computer back to working condition. The work done should be
verified by the instructor and followed up with a Viva
Troubleshooting Hardware Problems
Monitor
Printer
CD Keyboard
Mouse
Networking
Video/Screen
Sound
Startup
Hard Drive
Troubleshooting Questions
When your computer is acting peculiarly, turn off the computer. Click on the Start button, select the Shut Down
option, and then choose Shut Down. Leave the PC off for 1 to 2 minutes. Turn the PC back on again.
An Unresponsive PC
• First check the cable. Unplug it from the computer and the outlet. Re-plug in both sides and try booting it again.
Check the wall outlet. Plug something else into the outlet and see if it works.
•
Turn the system off and wait 30 seconds and then try again.
Reach behind the machine and see if you feel air blowing out of the power supply. If you do, then you know the machine
• is getting some power.
Look at the keyboard for the indicator lights being lit up as the machine boots.
• Sometimes the monitor has something to do with the system acting up. Unplug the power cord from the monitor and the
• wall and re-plug it. Unplug the cable from the computer to the monitor and re-plug it into the monitor. Try rebooting.
• Listen to identify a beeping series if there is one to report it to the technical help.
• Turn in all comments to the Help Desk.

23. Diagnosis
Monitor Troubleshooting
Symptom Symptom
The monitor screen is black
Check to see if the computer turned on.
Is the computer turned on? There is a light on the CPU. If the computer is on, it will be lit.
Check to see if the monitor getting power.
• If no lights appear on the front of the monitor at all, it is not getting any power from the power source. Check to see if ALL
plugs are secure.
• Power cord from the computer to the power strip.
• Power strip to the wall socket.
Check to see if the Power Strip turned on.
There is a light on the strip. If the strip is on, the indictor light will be on.
Check to see if the monitor getting a signal from the computer.
• There is a light on the monitor. If the monitor is on, it will be lit. If it is turned on, check the contrast and brightness
buttons to see if they have been tampered with.
• A green light on the front of the monitor would indicate that it is getting a signal from the computer.
An orange light would indicate there is not signal from the computer. Make sure the computer is on and you see lights
on the front of it. Check the cable that runs from the monitor to the computer to see if it has worked loose.
Check to see if the brightness has been turned entirely down.
Make sure you check the brightness and contrast buttons or settings on the monitor.
Check to see if the computer in Power Save or Sleep mode.
Move the mouse or press any key on the keyboard to see if the computer will "wake-up."
Check to see if all peripherals plugged in.
Verify that all cables and cords leading in to and out of your computer to insure they are all in tight and not disconnected.
Secure the following to the computer:
(.2_

24. • Monitor
• Mouse
• Keyboard
Printer
Printer
•
Network cable to computer and wall (Blue)
Check to see if the monitor goes black just as Windows is loaded.
This could indicate a problem with the video card driver or settings in Windows. Since you can't see to get to the settings,
this is difficult to fix without a visit from technical support.
Symptom
The screen is not synchronized
Diagnosis
• Check to make sure the signal cable is firmly connected in the socket.
• Check that the output level matches the input level of your computer.
• Make sure the signal timing of the computer system is within the specification of the monitor.
Symptom
The screen is too bright or too dark
Diagnosis
• Check if the Brightness or contrast control is at the appropriate position, not at the maximum or minimum.
• Check if the specified voltage is applied
• Check if the signal timing of the computer system is within the specification of the monitor. Especially,
• check the horizontal frequency.
Symptom
The screen is shaking

25. Diagnosis
Diagnosis
• Move all objects that emit a magnetic field, such as a motor or transformer, away from the monitor.
• Check if the specified voltage is applied.
• Check if the signal timing of the computer system is within the specification of the monitor.
Printer Troubleshooting
Symptom
The Printer is not printing
Diagnosis
• Check to see if the printer getting power
• If there are no lights or no display on the front of the printer, the printer is not getting electricity or power.
Check to make sure the power cord is plugged in both to the wall or power strip and to the back of the printer. Wiggle the
power cord where it plugs into the back of the printer to make sure it is not loose. Some models of desk jets have a two
part power cord. In this case, check along the length of the power cord to make sure both parts are plugged in together.
If the printer is still not getting power, plug the power cord into a different outlet on the power strip. If this does not work,
try plugging the printer into a different wall outlet.
Check to see if you can print a Windows test page
The windows test page is a basic communication test between your computer and the printer. To print a Windows
test page:
• Left mouse-click on the Start button.
..• Go to Settings and then select Printers. Inside the printer window, you should see a small printer icon with the name of
printer you are trying to print to.
• Place your mouse arrow on the small printer icon and right mouse-click. A small gray window should appear and the last
choice in the box is Properties.
• Left mouse-click on Properties. A printer window with several tabs should appear.
• On the General tab, there is a Print Test Page button in the lower right corner. Left mouse-click on the button.
You may click on the "Yes" button on your screen, but the real question is: Did anything print from the printer?
• If the answer is no, please call or e-mail the Help Desk at xll12.
• If you can print a Windows test page, try to print from a different program. If the document does not print from that
program, the printing problem has to do with that program.
Check to see if there is paper in printer. Is their a paper jam?
(.y

26. • If the printer has paper in the paper tray, the paper may be jammed or not feeding properly. Take the paper out of the
paper tray and check to see that the top piece of paper is not crinkled or bent.
• If the printer is a DeskJet, lift open the front cover and look to see if a piece of paper is halfway fed through. If it is, remove
paper gently from the top and close.
• If the printer is a LaserJet, open the top of the printer and check for paper underneath the toner cartridge. If there is
paper there, gently remove it, and replace the toner cartridge.
Check to see if the computer getting a signal from the printer.
The computer and the printer must be communicating before the printer will print. When you send a document to print,
does a small printer appear on the Windows taskbar (down by the time)? If this printer appears on the taskbar, the
computer thinks the printer is receiving communication. At this point, the printer should blink lights (if a DeskJet) or says
"printing" or "receiving" on the display (if a laser printer). If the printer is not receiving the communication from the
computer, try restarting the computer. After you have logged in, see if you can print now.
Check to see if Printer offline or Paused.
• If the printer is off-line or paused, the print jobs will just stack up in the print queue but nothing prints.
• Left mouse-click on the Start button
Go to Settings
• Go to Settings
• Then choose Printers
• The Printer folder should open and display the printers installed on this PC.
• Place your mouse arrow on the printer you are checking and right mouse click. A dialog box should open.
• If the printer is paused or offline you will see a black check mark next to the words "Pause Printing" or "Printer
Offline."
• Left mouse-click on the black check mark and see if you can "uncheck" it.
• If the check mark will not go away, try restarting the PC (Start- Shutdown- Restart).
• Then repeat steps 1 through 7 again.
• If the printer is still not printing, please contact the Help Desk at x1112
Check to see if there multiple jobs in the Print queue.
If the printer is a local printer (i.e., there is a cable running directly from the printer to the computer you are printing from),
power off the PC, power off the printer, count to 10, and then turn both the printer and the computer back on again.
Sometimes this will allow the printer to start printing again.
Symptom
The printer is printing streaks on the page
(S

27. Diagnosis
Diagnosis
If the printer is a DeskJet, go to the HP DeskJet Utilities menu in the Program menu. Choose the "Clean the Print Cartridges"
option. If this does not work, try replacing the ink cartridge. If the new cartridge does not help the streaking, place the
cartridge back inside the original packaging and save it until the other cartridge has been used up. This just tests to see if
the ink cartridge is defective.
If the printer is a LaserJet, try changing the toner cartridge. If the new toner cartridge does not improve the streaking
problem, return old cartridge to the printer and place the new toner cartridge back in its original packaging for later use. If
neither option works, please visit the printer maintenance vendor list to schedule printer service.
The printer in spite of everything is not printing?
Turn the PC off. If the printer is a local printer, i.e., has a direct cable hookup to the PC, turn the printer off also so both the
PC and printer are turned off at the same time. After 30 seconds, turn the PC and the printer back on again. Try to print a
Windows test page. If the printer still does not print, please contact the Help Desk x1112.
CD Troubleshooting
Symptom
The computer won't read the CD
Check to see if the label side of the CD is faced up
Check to see if the CD be read from the CD Rom drive of another computer
• If the CD can be read from another computer's CD ROM drive, the CD ROM drive may be bad and need to be replaced.
The CD ROM drive may also have dirt or debris inside. Try cleaning the drive with a standard audio CD player cleaning kit.
• After cleaning the drive, try to read the CD again. "'
Check to see if the CD scratched or dirty
• CD, CDR, or CDRW drives read discs by shining a laser onto the CD and then measuring the amount of light that gets
reflected back. Most of the time a small scratch won't matter.
• If the CD is dirty, you can clean the CD using a CD Cleaning kit or you can also use a mild detergent, like dish soap, and
warm water, wash the CD and dry with a soft cloth. Once the CD is fully dry, insert the CD into the CD ROM drive and try to
read it.
If the CD is not dirty, you can try to clean the CD Rom drive using a professional CD cleaner kit
Check to see if the CD is a CD-R or CD-RW that was burned
A number of older CD drives cannot read some types of CD-R COs. Try using a different CD-R disk with a different dye under
the reflective layer. You will have noticed that some CD-R disks are blue, gold, green, or even silver colored. Some of the
colors have a lower light reflectivity value and an older CD Rom drive may have difficulty reading that brand of CD-R media.

28. Keyboard Troubleshooting
Symptom
Keyboard doesn't respond and gives off a constant beeping noise when booting up
b· 7

29. Check the plug to make sure it's connected securely.
Try unplugging it and re-plugging it again. If there is no response, check the indicator light on the keyboard. Is it on? Do the
lights respond when you press the caps lock or the num lock key? If not, maybe your keyboard is broken.
Check to see if there a key stuck
Gently pry off the cover and clean it with alcohol. Make sure it is not connected to your machine when you are cleaning it.
The space bar frequently comes off track. Gently pry it off, noting which way the bar lies in your particular keyboard so
you can replace it properly.
Mouse Troubleshooting
The mouse is not working
Symptom
The mouse is acting erratic
Diagnosis
Reboot the computer and see if that corrects the problem. If not check to see if there is insufficient memory.
Symptom
The mouse will only move one way, either vertically or horizontally
Diagnosis
Clean the mouse
•
Shut down your machine and unplug your mouse from the computer. Open the underside of the mouse and remove the
ball. If the ball is a rubber ball, do not clean it with alcohol. Clean it with a soft cloth. There should be no lubricant placed
l

30. Diagnosis
on a mouse ball. Clean the roller in the body of the mouse with a cotton swab that is slightly damp with alcohol. Replace
the ball when the rollers are dry and replace the bottom portion.
Networking Troubleshooting
Symptom
My PC is not working on the Network
Diagnosis
Programs that require network drives to run or operate properly: SIS, HR, FRS, PROD- ALPHA, Network Shares,
and some school applications. You would also need a network connection to print to the network laser or color
laser printers within CCRI.
Symptom
Message "No Domain Server Available" or there are no Network drives (like the Sdrive).
Diagnosis
.,~e.u~:=:-J
•,..
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-'
Video/Screen Troubleshooting
Symptom Symptom
The Monitor is Black

31. Symptom
The desktop Icons are too IMMENSE or too undersized
Diagnosis
Usually this is due to the Display Settings. The standard video setting for most College software is 800x600. To
check the video display settings:
• Left mouse-click on the Start button (lower left-hand corner of the screen).
• Go to Settings. Go to Control Panel.
• Once in the Control Panel, look for the Display icon.
• Double left mouse-click on the Display icon.
• In the Display Properties box, left mouse-click on the settings tab.
Screen resolution
Less More
~
1024 by 768 pixels
• Place your mouse arrow on the slider, hold down the left-mouse button, and move the arrow until the number changes
to the desired setting.
• 640x480 screen resolution has fewer pixels so the screen appears larger. 1024x768 screen resolution has more pixels
in the same screen area so the appears smaller.
Symptom Symptom
The Screen goes black if not used for a few minutes

32. Diagnosis
• The power saver or energy saver features may be turned on. To correct this problem, you can turn off the feature.
•
•
Left mouse-click on the Start button (lower left-hand corner of the screen).
Go to Settings. Go to Control Panel.
Once in the Control Panel, look for the Display icon.
Double left mouse-click on the Display icon.
Left mouse-click on the Screen Saver tab.
• Left mouse-click on the Power or Settings button (depends on your version of Windows) in the lower left corner.
On the Power schemes tab, you should see where it says "Turn off monitor:" with an amount of time next to it. Left
mouseclick on the drop-down arrow.
• Change the time to "Never."
• Left mouse-click on the Apply button in the lower right-hand corner.
• Left mouse-click on the OK button.
• Left mouse-click on the next OK button.
Sound Troubleshooting
Symptom
The computer has no sound
l

33. Diagnosis
on a mouse ball. Clean the roller in the body of the mouse with a cotton swab that is slightly damp with alcohol. Replace
the ball when the rollers are dry and replace the bottom portion.
Networking Troubleshooting
Symptom
My PC is not working on the Network
Diagnosis
Programs that require network drives to run or operate properly: SIS, HR, FRS, PROD- ALPHA, Network Shares,
and some school applications. You would also need a network connection to print to the network laser or color
laser printers within CCRI.
Symptom
Message "No Domain Server Available" or there are no Network drives (like the S drive}.
Diagnosis
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Video/Screen Troubleshooting
Symptom Symptom
The Monitor is Black

34. Symptom
No sound is heard from audio (music) CDs
Look for the Volume icon in the system tray in the lower right-hand corner of the Windows desktop.
•
Place the mouse arrow on this icon.
Double left-mouse click. The Volume Control dialog box should appear on the computer screen. Double
left-mouse click. The Volume Control dialog box should appear on the computer screen.
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• Place the mouse arrow on the "slider" button and slide the arrow up to increase or down to decrease the volume.
If "Mute all" check box is checked, there will be no sound. To enable the sound again, uncheck the box.
•
Ensure the speakers are properly connected to the audio card's output connector and turned on.
•
Symptom
There is no volume icon in the lower right corner
Diagnosis
• To place the volume icon in the system tray in the lower right of the desktop:
• Place the mouse arrow on the Start button in the lower left corner.
• Left mouse-click on Settings.
• Left mouse-click on the Control Panel
Place the mouse arrow on the Multimedia icon
• (In Windows XP, look for the Sounds and
Double-left mouse click.
• Left mouse-click on the Audio file tab.
Audio Devices icon .)
• Towards the bottom look for the check box that reads "Show volume control on taskbar." Make sure the
box is checked to activate the icon.
•

35. Diagnosis
Startup Troubleshooting
If your computer is making noise or attempting to start up, but there is no video or no display on the monitor.
Symptom
No power lights on the monitor/computer
Diagnosis
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Hard Drive Troubleshooting
Symptom
The cursor is stuck on the hourglass
Diagnosis
Open Task Manager
......~ -­
-- ---
Simultaneously press [Ctrl] [Ait] [Delete]. You will see a list of all tasks (programs) currently running. You may notice one
program has "Not Responding" instead of "Running" listed next to it. Select this task and click the End Task button.
Another dialog box will open stating that the program is not responding. Choose End Now to close the program.
Reboot your computer (Warm Boot)
Resetting a computer that is already turned on:
Press [Ctrl] [Ait] [Delete] once to open the Task Manager.
l

36. Press [Ctrl) [Ait] [Delete] again to restart the computer.
Shut down your computer {Cold Boot)
Start-up of a computer from a powered-down state.
If you restart your computer and the problem isn't resolved, make an attempt to completely shut down the computer by
pressing the power button. Let it set for 15-30 seconds then restart the computer.
Symptom
You have run out of disk space on your computer. Music files, movies, digital pictures, and other big data files
can fill up your hard drive.
Diagnosis
To check for disk space:
• Open My Computer. Right click on the C: drive and select Properties from the shortcut menu. A pie chart will
appear telling you the used and free space.
• Try running the Disk Cleanup Wizard. This utility can tell you whether you are running out of room and help you
clear away some space. Click the Start button and choose Programs I Accessories I System Tools I Disk Cleanup.
Choose the disk to clean up (C: ) and let the wizard do the work.
Troubleshooting Questions
When did your computer last work properly?
If your computer was working satisfactory yesterday or the last time you were logged on but are now having trouble,
try to identify everything that has changed recently.
Did the trouble begin shortly after you installed:
New program?
New piece of hardware or updated a device driver?
New piece of hardware or updated a device driver?
Do you receive a consistent error message?
If so, write down the exact error message that appears on the screen, either write it down word for word.
Can you reproduce the trouble with specific steps?
If you can identify a specific set of actions that consistently cause the trouble to occur, the Technical Support Does the
problem only occur after you have been using your computer for a while?
If your computer runs fine first thing in the morning but crashes after several hours it could be heat related problems.
Specialist and outline your steps to determine the problem. Write down the precise sequence of action

37. Task 7: Software Troubleshooting: Students have to be given a malfunctioning
CPU due to System software problems. They should identify the problem and
fix it to get the computer back to working condition. The work done should be
verified by the instructor and followed up with a Viva.
How to Fix a Malware Infected Computer
Even after malware has been removed from a computer many of the problems caused
by it may still remain. That said, one of the first tljngs you should do in order to fix any
of these problems is to make sure that all infections have actually been removed. If
you know that you still have infections on your computer then, instead of trying to fix
problems while the malware is still present, you should first remove all infections. To
do this please see my article about How to Clean An Infected Computer. Then, after
you believe that all malware has been removed you should also check to make sure
the computer is now clean by following the advice I give in How to Know If Your
Computer Is Infected. Trying to fix problems on a computer that is still infected is
largely a waste of time.
Once you have confirmed that your computer is entirely free of malware you should
then back up all of your important files. This way if anything goes wrong while fixing
the computer, which is a very real possibility, your important documents will still be
intact. Please note that if your computer cannot boot you should follow the advice
on this page in order to back up all important files.
In order to fix your computer you only need to follow this article as far as is required
to fix the problems you are experiencing. However, advice on how to fix nearly any
type of problem is included in the article. Thus, the length of the article is actually
much longer than just about anyone would have to read. Just consult the sections that
are relevant to the problems you are experiencing. Note that for situations in which
your computer will not even boot into Windows you should skip to the section about
What To Do If Your Computer Cannot Start.
Changelog:
5/23/2014-Added link to Best Free Antivirus Software article.
9/14/2014-Replaced http links with https links wherever possible and updated link for
CCE.
l

38. Index
1. How To Recover Important Files Deleted During Infection
2. Always Follow These Steps After Cleaning Infection
3. Use Windows Repair Kit To Fix Most Problems
A) Fix Problems With Hidden Files Or Folders, Missing Shortcuts, Or Missing Start
Menu links
B) Fix Common Internet Problems
4. How To Fix Many Remaining Problems
A) How To Fix Remaining Internet Problems
B) Fix Problems With Specific Programs
C) Use Microsoft Fix It Solutions To Fix Common Windows Problems
D) Fix Problems In Registry
E) What To Do If Problems Remain
5. What To Do If Your Computer Cannot Start
A) Try Repairing Windows Without A Disk
B) Repair Windows Using Windows Disk Or Alternative
C) Repair Master Boot Record As That Could Be Root Of Problems
D) What To Do If Problems Still Remain
6. What To Do If These Steps Fail
7. What To Do After Everything Is Fixed
1. How To Recover Important Files Deleted During Infection
Note that you can skip this section unless important files of yours have been deleted. If
any of your files have been deleted by malware you may still have a chance of recovering
l
7

39. them. However, make sure that you use your computer as little as possible befor~
running the tool below. The reason I say this is that the more you use your computer
the lower your chances become of successfully recovering the files. For trying to recover
these files I recommend you download Recuva Free from this page.
Download the free version from the Piriform.com source, install it,
run it, and then answer the questions in its wizard. When it gives
you the option first try it without the Deep Scan, as that would take
much longer.
Once it is done scanning select any of the files you are trying to
recover and select the option to recover them. This will
automatically put any recovered files right back where they
originally were. However, if the files you were looking for are not in the list then you
should select the option to "Switch to advanced mode". Then go to options and open
the Actions tab. Check the box for "Deep Scan" and select OK. Then select the option
to Scan. Hopefully this will be able to recover the files you have lost. That said, it may
not be able to. In those cases I believe the files have been lost forever and cannot be
recovered.
2. Always Follow These Steps After Cleaning Infection
After cleaning an infection, and making sure it has been entirely removed, the first
thing you should always do is to reset all of your passwords. The reason for this is that
it's entirely possible that the malware was able to capture your passwords and send
them to
criminals. Thus it's very important that you reset all of your passwords immediately.
After doing this I would recommend that you make sure that
Windows is fully updated. Note that if you can't update Windows
~........ . ;, ..i'~-+1
the following sections should be able to help you fix that problem.
Also, I would advise that you remove all of your old system restore
points. It's likely that these are still infected, thus rendering them
f,;,o ..:Jo,:1'?.""~ (9.1f :l.,.~,~ ~~:~
worthless. The easiest way to do this is to turn off system restore and then turn it
back on. Instructions for how to do this can be found on this page.
You should also take the time to uninstall, and then reinstall, any security programs
which were on your computer while it was infected. Also, do make sure that you only
have one antivirus installed as having more can actually lead to conflicts, which can
cause further problems. For best results you should also run clean-up tools after
7. s

40. uninstalling each security program. This page has a list of specialized uninstallers for
many common security programs. Please read the instructions carefully.
Other then that I would also suggest that you download and then run Comodo
Cleaning Essentials (CCE). This program has the ability to check for, and attempt to fix,
many common problems caused by infections. After opening up CCE you should open
up KiiiSwitch from the tools menu of CCE. Then go to the tools menu in KiiiSwitch and
select the option for "Quick Repair". Allow it to repair any problems it finds and then
restart your computer to see if any problems you may have been experiencing are
now gone. If your computer now appears to have no problems then you can skip to
the section about What To Do After Everything Is Fixed. If all problems are not fixed,
or the repair failed, please continue to the next section.
3. Use Windows Repair Kit To Fix Most Problems
One of the fastest, and easiest, ways to fix most problems caused by malware is to run
a specialized tool called the Windows Repair Kit. It can be downloaded from this page.
This program is able to fix nearly any problem caused by malware. Thus, hopefully
whatever problems you are experiencing can be fixed by this program. After
downloading this program you should install it and then start the program.
Under the tab for Step 2 I would strongly advise that you take the time to check the
drive for file system errors. Once this is done you should restart your computer and
then start the program again. This time go to the tab for Step 3 and perform a system
file check. Note that Windows XP users, or Windows 2003 users, will need to insert
their Windows disk in order to do this. I would strongly advise that if possible you
should perform this check. After this is done again restart your computer and then
start the program. This time go to the tab for Step 4 and create both
a system restore point and a registry backup. These are very
important in case this program accidently causes additional harm to
your computer. This way if something bad does happen you can just
restore these and get rid of the new problems. After these backups
are complete go to the tab for "Start Repairs" and choose the option
to Start.
--1..o!-...-·-
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~~~~="__._,_
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l

41. You should now see a screen that shows a list of all the fixes which can be done.
Information about what each of these does can be found by left-clicking on a fix and
looking under the "Repair Info" tab. You can either select only the fixes you think
would fix the problems you're experiencing, follow the advice in the following parts of
this section, or just select all of them. If you are uncertain what types of problems you
have I would strongly suggest that you select all options and repair them all. That said,
below I
have listed which options you should choose in order to fix relatively common
problems caused by infections.
A) Fix Problems With Hidden Files Or Folders, Missing Shortcuts, Or Missing Start
Menu links
If you are experiencing these problems, which may also include problems with your
internet connection, then select the options to "Reset Registry Permissions", "Reset
File Permissions", "Unhide Non System Files", "Repair Missing Start Menu Icons
Removed By ~nfections", and "Repair Proxy Settings". Then run these fixes and restart
the computer when they are done. If problems with your internet connection still
persist after running these fixes then follow the advice in the part about how to Fix
Common Internet Problems. If problems other than that still remain then I suggest
you run all fixes to see if that can fix your problems.
B) Fix Common Internet Problems
If the only problem that you are experiencing is that your internet connection is not
working you should select the options to "Register System Files", "Repair WMI",
"Repair Internet Explorer", "Repair Hosts File", "Remove Policies Set By Infections",
"Repair Winsock & DNS Cache", "Repair Proxy Settings", and "Set Windows Services to
Default". Then run the fixes and restart the computer when they are done. Hopefully
this will fix all problems with your internet connection, although I have noticed that
sometimes you will have to run the Windows Network Diagnostics, even after running
these fixes, in order to get the internet working. Advice on how to troubleshoot any
remaining internet problems, including running Windows Network Diagnostics, can be
found in the section about How To Fix Remaining Internet Problems. If, after following
the advice in the other section, problems still remain then I suggest you run all fixes to
see if that can fix your problems.

42. C) What To Do If Problems Remain
I have found that under some circumstances Windows Repair Kit does repair many
problems, but other problems still remain. For these cases it may be
helpful to go to the section about How To Fix Many Remaining
Problems. Windows Repair Kit may have been able to repair enough
that you can now fix the rest yourself.
4. How To Fix Many Remaining Problems
A) How To Fix Remaining Internet Problems
For situations in which you are still experiencing a problem with your internet
connection it's best to first run the Windows Network Diagnostics to see if they can fix
your problems. To do this for Windows XP you will need to download and then run a
program. Of course you will have to transfer this from another computer. For
instructions on how to use this program please see this page. For Windows Vista and
Windows 7 the network diagnostics are built into the operating system. A tutorial for
how to access these for Windows Vista can be found on this page, and a tutorial for
Windows 7 can be found on this page.
Beyond this there are also many other common issues which could cause problems
with your internet connection. If you're using a wired connection one of the simplest
of these is checking to make sure the cables are connected properly. Also, if you are
using a router, regardless of whether you use a wired or a wireless connection, you
should check to make sure there are no problems with the router. For instructions
on how to reset your router, to make sure it isn't the problem, please see this page.
Also, you should check to make sure that your area is not currently experiencing a
network outage by contacting your Internet Service Provider.
If you are using a wireless connection then please read the issues described in this
article to see if any of them matches your problem. Please note that I have linked to
page one of eight. If these cannot fix the problems you are experiencing then it may
be helpful to jump to the section about how to Use Microsoft Fix It Solutions To Fix
Common Windows Problems. Some of the fixes on that site may be able to help you
restore your internet connection.
l

43. If, even after running any relevant fixes from that page, problems still remain then it's
possible that the remaining problems may be due to damaged or missing system
driver files or services. In order to make sure this is not the problem download a
program called the Farbar Service Scanner from this page. To use this program to
diagnose, and repair, problems with your internet connection, make sure the option
to scan for "Internet Services" is checked. Then select the option to Scan. When it
shows you the scan log look at the section for file check. Specifically, look for any files
with the message "FILE IS MISSING AND MUST BE RESTORED". If a file is missing you
will need to find a replacement.
To do that, run Farbar Service Scanner on a different computer, but with the same
Operating System. However, make sure this computer is working correctly. Then type
in the name of the missing file in the search box in the Farbar Service Scanner and
select the option to "Search Files". For example the missing file could be afd.sys. Then
navigate to one of the locations noted in the new log, which will automatically pop up
when the search is completed, and copy the file. You may want to transfer the
replacement file to the damaged computer via USB. Then navigate to the
C:Windowssystem32/Drivers folder, on the damaged computer, and paste the file in
there. Now restart the computer and hopefully the problems with your internet
connection should be solved. If not then again try running the fixes in the section
about how to Fix Common Internet Problems to see if that can solve your problems.
After going through these steps that program may now be able to fix the internet
connection.
B) Fix Problems With Specific Programs
If the problem you're experiencing is only with a specific program then the easiest way
to fix it is to just uninstall the program and then reinstall it. One of the best ways to
uninstall a program is to use a program called Revo Uninstaller Free.
You can download the free version from this page. This program will
make sure that all remnants of the program are removed. After
starting Revo Uninstaller you should double click on the program
you want to remove and, when prompted, select the "Moderate
Search" option.
Also, if the program you are uninstalling asks to restart the
computer select no and let Revo clean whatever it finds. After Revo
F
. V.'~lu.1P1~ h>IJttt" Fix il 5Qh,Jtil: n (
lX at n'"- .... ,,t.l'll.,)r..... t n lflllf'). ~:, ~·•u.,
. -·:t ~ ·~·
l

44. completes you should restart the computer before reinstalling the program. However,
'
do note that this program cannot uninstall 64 bit programs. These will not even show
up in its list. For these programs I would recommend just uninstalling them normally,
and then restarting the computer, before reinstalling them.
C) Use Microsoft Fix It Solutions To Fix Common Windows Problems
If the above steps weren't able to entirely fix your problems one thing you can do is go
to the webpage for the Microsoft Fix it Solution Center. This contains fixes for many
common Windows problems. Just navigate to the problem that is most similar to what
you are experiencing and run the recommended fix for it. Many different types of
problems are addressed on this site.
D) Fix Problems In Registry
If problems still remain then it may be helpful to install and run a registry cleaner.
Fixing registry problems may be able to fix some problems which could be leftover
from malware infections. However, it's also possible that something could go wrong
and the computer could end up with even more problems. To protect yourself from
this possibility you should always use reputable registry cleaners and, when provided
with the option to back up the registry, you should always back it up. That way, even if
something does go wrong, you can just restore the registry and be fine. I would
recommend that you use either the registry cleaner built into Eusing Free Registry
Cleaner or CCieaner. Note that if you decide to use CCieaner you should download the
Portable version from this page to avoid inadvertantly installing unwanted software.
However, at this stage of the repair process do not use it to remove anything other
than registry entries.
E) What To Do If Problems Remain
If, even after following all of the above advice, problems still remain then you do still
have some options remaining. Even though the next section is mainly about what to
do if your computer cannot boot into Windows, the advice provided may also be able
to repair many other types of problems. Please follow sections A and B to see if they
can fix whatever problems you are still experiencing.

45. 5. What To Do If Your Computer Cannot Start
A) Try Repairing Windows Without A Disk
If your computer cannot boot into normal Windows mode, and you're running
Windows Vista or Windows 7, there is an easy way to fix many problems with your
computer. Restart your computer and, as soon as it starts booting up, tap F8
repeatedly until an options menu comes up. Then select the option to "Repair Your
Computer" and press enter. Answer any questions the wizard asks you and let it fix
whatever problems it finds. If your computer is now able to boot back into normal
windows mode, then I would suggest that you go back to the beginning of this article
and fix any remaining problems.
If your computer is running Windows XP or earlier, or the above advice did not fix the
problem to the point where you can now boot into normal Windows mode, then you
should try to get your computer to run in Safe Mode. A tutorial for how to do this can
be found on this page. Once in safe mode try running all fixes as mentioned in this
section of this article. If your computer is now able to boot back into normal windows
mode, then I would suggest that you go back to the beginning of this article and fix
any remaining problems. However, if the problem was that your computer wouldn't
boot at all then I would suggest that you continue to the next part.
·B) Repair Windows Using Windows Disk Or Alternative
If Windows still won't start you may need to repair Windows from a disk. If you have a
Windows disk then the first thing I would do is to put it in the drive and boot from it.
Note that you may need to change the boot order in the BIOS to make sure the
computer will boot from the CD. Here is a useful article on How To Change the Boot
Order in BIOS. For our purposes you should change the order so that the "CD/DVD
Rom drive" is first. Then, after booting from the Windows disk, you can select the
option to repair Windows. When you reach the screen where it
gives you multiple repair options select the one for "Startup Repair".
This should be able to fix many problems with the computer. Of
course, this option is only available to those who have a Windows
disk.
..u:.~ ...._....._..... -·~~~·-·

46. ,
If you do not have a Windows Disk then you can download a program called Sardu
from this page. This program is designed to create boatable CD's for malware removal'
and computer repair. After downloading the zip file install the program. Be very
careful about the added offers now included with the installer. Sadly, this program
now tries to trick people into installing extra programs, which are largely unnecessary.
Then open the program and go to the tab for
Windows. Under this tab look at the section for "Win Recovery Disk". I would
recommend only using this program to download the recovery disk for XP, as the ones
for Vista and Windows 7 are not free. For downloading the ISO for Windows 7 please
go to this page. After downloading the ISO move it to the ISO folder, which is located
inside the Sardu folder. After doing this you can use Sardu to create your rescue disk
by going to the Windows tab, making sure the check mark is next to the correct
recovery disk, and clicking the button to either make a USB or to make an ISO. Once
complete this recovery disk will now work similar to if you had inserted an ordinary
Windows disk.
C) Repair Master Boot Record As That Could Be Root Of Problems
If repairing with the Windows disks was still not able to fix your computer then it's
possible that your Master Boot Record {MBR) has been corrupted. This can happen
after removing certain types of very vicious malware. In that case l would recommend
rebuilding the MBR. To do this please download the boatable CD version of MiniTool
Partition Wizard from this page. Then burn the ISO to a CD. After creating your
boatable CD you may need to change the bootup sequence in your BIOS settings to
ensure that if you insert a boatable CD the computer will boot from it instead of from
the normal operating system. Here is a useful article on How To
Change the Boot Order in BIOS. For our purposes you should
change the order so that the "CD/DVD Rom drive" is first. After
doing this follow the directions on this page, which are largely
explained by the pictures, in order to load the program on the
computer.
After the program is running you should right-click on "Disk 1" and select the option to
"Rebuild MBR". Note that this option will be grayed out if on your computer Disk 1 is
only a partition. For those cases you may need to select one of the other disks. That
said, Disk
l

47. 1 should almost always be the one containing the operating system. After selecting
the option to "Rebuild MBR" you should see that there is now one operation
pending, which can be seen on the lower left-hand corner of the window. After
confirming that the operation to rebuild the MBR is pending select the option for
yes, which should be near the upper left-hand corner of the window. This should
rebuild the MBR and hopefully make your computer boatable again.
D) What To Do If Problems Still Remain
If after following the advice in this section your computer is now able to boot you
should go back to the beginning of this article and fix any other problems which may
be left over from the infection. However, if your computer still won't start please go to
the section about What To Do If These Steps Fail.
6. What To Do If These Steps Fail
If even after following all of the above steps, the problems you are experiencing are
still not fixed, there are a few things I would like for you to do. Please first leave me a
comment letting me know what steps you took to try and fix the problems, and which
problems remain. After doing this, which is important because it will help me to
improve the article, you should go to a specialized forum where they may be able to
help you to fix your computer. A forum which I have found to be very helpful is
MalwareTips.
However, if even going to a specialized forum is not enough to get
your computer back to working order, it's likely that the damage is
~ ~ Malware
~ .. '';• ''llli1;r •·lvfm:
too severe for you to repair. In those cases you will need to reinstall your operating
system. Make sure that if you do this you perform a full format of your operating
system as part of the reinstall process. This will make sure that any malware, or
related problems, are fully removed before your fresh operating system is installed.
Failure to do this could lead to future problems with the new operating system. After
your computer is now problem free, regardless of how it reached this state, please
read the section about What To Do After Everything Is Fixed.
7. What To Do After Everything Is Fixed
Once you have successfully cleaned all infections from your computer, and repaired
any leftover damage, you should now take steps to ensure that it does not happen
again. For this reason I have written an article about How to Stay Safe While Online.
Please read through it and implement whichever methods you feel best fit your needs.

48. Also, now that all problems are solved you can use a program called CCieaner to
remove all of your temporary files. You should download the Portable version from
this page to avoid inadvertantly installing unwanted software.
Running CCieaner may even contain inactive pieces of malware,
which will be removed by this program.
After securing your computer, and removing all temporary files, you
can now restore any of the backed up files that may have been lost
during the repair process. Hopefully this step is not necessary, but
just in case it is you can safely restore them now. However, do make
sure that your computer is strongly protected, as described in my article, as it's
possible that malware may have infiltrated your backup files and will now try to
reinfect the system.
Please help by rating this article. Also, if you believe this article deserves anything less
than 5 stars, please leave a comment below explaining how you think it can be
improved or where you find fault. This article is written by me but fueled by the
community. Thus your opinions and advice are not only much appreciated, but
actually necessary in order for this article to grow and improve.
If you found this article useful then perhaps you'd like to check out some of my
others.

49. Task 9: Orientation& Connectivity Boot Camp: Students should get connected to their Local Area Network and access
the Internet. In the process they configure the TCP/IP setting. Finally Students should demonstrate, to the instructor, how '
to access the websites and email. lfthere is no Internet connectivity preparations need to be made by the instructors to
simulate the WWW on the LAN.
LAN Connection Setup
Use the following steps to setup your LAN connection in Windows 7, when your computer is the dev plugged in to your
wireless radio or POE.
Note: -You will need your static IP settings and DNS settings before you continue. If you don't have you settings, call into
support so we can provide them to you.
2. Once in Control Panel, if you are in Category view, click on the View by: drop down menu, and select l icons.
Adjust ,~or con~pUter s .s~n ngs
Network a 1d Internet
.---, Hardware and Sound
--........-..................p 90 • .,,
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3. ow that you are in large icons view, find and double die on Network and Sharing Center.
--
4. Now that you are in Network and Sharing Center, click on the "Change adapter settings" link on the len"

50. -::.:-- AIIC. ntre Panorllt
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Set up a ....lreh~!S$, broadband. doal-up,
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Connect or recconnect to a ...... ireless . wo
5. In the Change adapters settings screen, find and right click on your
Local Area Connection, and I on Properties.
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D14gnose th•s conn~chon
Local Area Connection 2
Oiuble
D•agnose
Bridge Connections
Cret~te. Shortcut
Rename
P.-opertles
6. In the Local Area Connection Properties window, highlight Internet Protocol
Version 4 (TCP/1Pv4) click on the Properties button.
local Area Connection 2 Propert•es
Cornect usmg
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This cornecuon uses the folowlng terns
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across drvenle intert:OfYleCI:ed networks
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7. In the Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/1Pv4) Properties window, you will need to select "Use the
following IP address" and "Use the following DNS server addresses:"

51. IntBnet Protocol Version 4- {TCP ~4) Properties
'f'oua~noetiPsettlnQSas~eutome~lfyourne .'0111.~
ths capablity. Otherwtse, YOl.l need to Mit ywr net-o'Ork aQorwwstn5tor
for tne aopropr!o!ltl! !P sertngs.
Obt¥1 en IP l!lddress eutoml!ltu:alfy
o ~ tt'lll!: foloY.'I"'g IP addre:ss:
IPoddres:s:
SUn!:t mask:
d.
o l.l5e ~ fulown;;l eNS server adct"e:sses:
Pr~"Vr~Cf-oS~:
Advanced...
enter in the corresponding settings per their section. If you don't have the settings, or need help with the
call into tech support so we can provide them to you.
8. Once the settings have been entered in, click ok on the Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/1Pv4) Proper
window, then click on close on the Local Area Connections properties window.
At this point the Local Area Connection should say connected. See if you can browse to a web site at the
time. If you are able to, your setup is complete. If you are not able to browse, call us here at tech support
we can verify your settings are correct.

52. This guide will demonstrate how to access and send emails through your personal webspace
through the Relay For Life ofLincoln and Minnehaha Counties website. The website can be
accessed through www.relayforlife.org/lincoln-minnehahasd. Ifthere are any questions about
this guide or other Relay-related information, please email us at acs.relayforlife@yahoo.com.
1. Access the Relay For Life Website- Go to www.relayforlife.org/lincoln-minnehahasd and login at the
topright comer ofthe page. After logging in, click on My Participant Center to access your webspace.
I ~ ~-
2. Manage your Address Book- Address books can be imported from many email systems (including
Outlook, Yahoo, and MSN) but you must frrst export your address book into Microsoft Excel. Save this as
a comma separated values file (.csv).
After accessing your Participant Center, click on the Address Book icon.
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53. 3. Import Contacts into your Address Book- Click on Import Contacts and choose a file format that
matches the file you exported earlier. Click on the Browse button to locate the file and click Upload Now
to upload your contacts into address book.
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4. Add Contacts Manually to your Address Book- Instead of importing your contacts, you can add them
manually by clicking on the Add Contacts button after accessing the Address Book icon.
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You can add up to 10 contacts at a time. When you fmish entering names and addresses, click Save and
Continue Adding ifyou'll be additional contacts, or click Save ifyou're fmished.
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- 5- updated 10/04/08

54. To send an email message, click on one ofthe suggested messages (depending on what kind of email you are
sending-team recruitment, donation, thank you, etc.). These are templates for you to send to your friends,
family, and co-workers.
When the message displays, your name and email address will be filled in automatically. To add email
addresses, you can either type them in manually in the Send to box, or you can select them from the Your
Address Book window offto the right side ofthe page and click on Add Recipients.
Make any necessary changes to the Subject Line or the Message (NOTE: A link to your personal page will
automatically appear at the bottom ofyour email message). Click Preview ifany changes need to be made, or
click Save ifyou want to save the message for future use. When you are done, click Send to send the emaiI.
- 6- updated 10/04/08

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56. Task 10: Web Browsers, Surfing the Web: Students customize their web browsers with the
LAN proxy settings, bookmarks, search toolbars and pop up blockers. Also, plug-ins like
Macromedia Flash and JRE for applets should be configured.
How to Customize the Firefox Browser (v. 14.0.1)
You can customize features in Firefox to maximize its use. These instructions are based
on using a Windows 7 (Enterprise Edition) computer running Firefox v. 14.0.1. The
instructions explain the following:
• How to Import Bookmarks from a Different Browser to Firefox
• How to View the Menu Bar
• How to Change the Home Page
• How to Maintain the Security of your Data
• How to Customize the Toolbar
• How to Install UD Customized Buttons on Your Toolbar
• How to Configure the Pop-Up Blocker Feature
• How to Update to New Versions (and patches) of Firefox
• How to Back Up Your Firefox Profile Folder (Windows Vista)
How to Import Bookmarks from a Different Browser to Firefox
After you have installed Firefox, when you start Firefox for the first time, you will see an
Import Settings and Data dialog box asking if you want to import information such as import
options and bookmarks from another browser.
Customize Firefox on a Mac Computer
Import OptD'ls. ~. H5b:lry. P--..ords and other data fran:
(O'" ·_Mlrou9ort lrltt!ml!t Ex~
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l.Ciick the radio button in front of the appropriate browser.
2.Ciick Next. You should see a dialog box that looks similar to the following:
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3.Ciick the radio button in front ofthe home page setting you would like to use.

57. 4.Ciick Next.
S.Ciick Finish.
6.A progression box will appear. When the import is finished, the box will close. How to
View the Menu Bar
1. Open Firefox.
2. Click the orange Firefox drop-down menu in the top-left of the window as
indicated by the red arrow in the following graphic:
3. Click Options.
4. Click Menu Bar. The window will no longer have the drop-down menu, but
instead will have the Menu Bar easily accessible across the top of the
window as shown in the following graphic:
How to Change the Home Page
1. Open Firefox.
2. From the Tools menu, click Options. You will see the Options dialog box that
looks similar to the following:
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OK
3. Click the General icon at the top of the window (if necessary). You can set
the home page to any location you like.
4. For example, to set the home page to UD's Webmaillog in page, in the
Home Page field (upper-most section of dialog box), type
http://mail.udel.edu/
5. ClickOK.
How to Maintain the Security of Your Data
1. Open Firefox.
2. From the Tools menu, click Options. You will see the Options dialog box that
looks similar to the following:
HOrnoe ~: Ihttp:J/mal.udll!ledu/
Usre~.n.~l U.JtookmWk.-1 .sestoretoDeotaut:l
'" Soall:e lies to I Downloads
r f#,vays ¥k me wh!'t'e to save fles
--0ange opUlOS rot" your add-on.s
Click the Privacy icon at the top of the dialog box. The dialog box should now
look similar to the following:
P'irelox wll: IUse custom settngs for hiSt.O<Y iJ
r ~lnegrtvilote tK~ mode
P ReoWnlblll nw bo-~19 dOd down6i::>Old h6tory
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59. 3. If there is a check mark in the checkbox in front of Remember search and
form history, click to delete it.
4. Click the Security icon at the top of the dialog box. The dialog box should
now look similar to the following:
9 warn~~ siiO'"f; r:ry to onSUII acld-ons
p Blodr. r-eponrd ~ ~
p 6kXk r-~t:ed wft) fofQerles
.Exoeooons.... I
6. If there is a check mark in the checkbox in front of Remember passwords for
sites, click to delete it.
7. Click OK.
How to Customize the Toolbar
1. Open Firefox.
2. From the View menu, click Toolbars.
3. Click Customize. You will see the Customize Toolbar dialog box that looks
similar to the following:
x j
You can add o•· remove tten1s by d1-.gging W o..- from the tool~rs•
•
... Q
COpy sync ACUvlty D"'ddca •. .=.J
Show' r.:I_,.=---::::J::-1 r useSmaiiJC:OnS Add~v T~I Re:storeOd'ltUk~l
To personalize the toolbar, you can drag-and-drop the toolbar
icons shown in the dialog box into the toolbar at the top of
the Firefox window. For example, if the toolbar looked like the
following one (with two toolbar icons), you could drag-
anddrop the Print icon to the toolbar to avoid using the Menu
bar when you want to print.
4. Drag-and-drop the Print icon to your toolbar in the location you would like
to place it (for example, to the right of the home icon). The toolbar would
now look similar to the following (with three toolbar icons):
[0.~

60. 5 Clic0on ·
How to Install UD Customized Buttons on Your Toolbar
How to Install the UD Help Center Button
1. You must have javascript enabled for this to work.
2. Make sure your personal toolbar is showing.
3. Click and drag the link below onto your personal toolbar.
IT-Help Center
How to Install the UD Proxy Button
1. You must have javascript enabled for this to work.
2. Make sure your personal toolbar is showing.
3. Click and drag the link below onto your personal toolbar.
4. When looking at a page you would like to have proxified, click the
Proxy button.
UD Proxify
How to Install the UD WebMail Direct Button
1. Click and drag the link below onto your personal toolbar.
WebMail Direct
Setting Your Home Page to the University of Delaware's Home Page
1. If you see a yellow bar above concerning restricting access to
active content, click the bar and choose Allow Blocked Content.
2. Click Yes in the dialog box to display the active content.
3. Click and drag the link below to make the University of
Delaware your home page.
Drag this Link onto Your Home Button to Make the University of
Delaware Your Home Page
How to Configure the Pop-up Blocker Feature
1. Open Firefox.
2. From the Tools menu, click Options. You will see the Options dialog box.
3. Click the Content icon at the top of the dialog box. The dialog box should
now look similar to the following:

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4. Confirm that there is a check mark in the checkbox in front of Block pop-up
windows. If there is no check mark, click in the box to enter one.
5. Click the Exceptions button to the right of the Block pop-up windows
option. The dialog box will now look similar to the following:
=lQJ-~
You can specfy whk:h websll:es are abved to open !XlP-UP windows... Type
the exact address. of the Site you want to ab"' and then dck AJc:A.,.
AQ.drMS ot website-:
You can add sites from which you would like to allow pop-up windows. For
example, you can add the University's Library site by following these steps:
6. In the Address of website field, type www.lib.udel.edu
The dialog box will now look similar to the following:
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You can spedy whch websites are aklwed to open pop-up vmdows. Type
the exact address ot the site you want to alow and then clck NoN.
Address of webst"e:
I1'"V.II:>.udeled~
- Status
7. Click Allow. The dialog box will now look similar to the following:

62. You can specty whd1 webstes ~ alovh!d to open pop-up WlndotWs. Type
the exact address at the' sb!: 'fOU want to a1ow and ttJen ddc."'*::N.
Address of website:
...W'1v.lb.udel.edu
Remove Ske I ~ve I'J Sites I
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You can follow the same steps to add more sites from which you would like to
allow pop-ups. Sites that you should also add are the following:
• chico.nss.udel.edu (the production server for many applications used by
students, faculty, and staff) delcat.udel.edu (for Delcat)
• woodenshoe.nss.udel.edu (for UDSIS) primus.nss.udel.edu (the
• production server for many applications used by students, faculty, and
• staff)
8. Click Close when you finish.
9. ClickOK.
How to Update to New Versions (and patches) of Firefox
You can automate Firefox to check for updates and patches. Follow these steps:
1. Open Firefox.
2. From the Tools menu, click Options. You will see the Options dialog box.
3. Click the Advanced icon at the top of the dialog box. The dialog box will now
look similar to the following:
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r N.'Rrof5 U5l! tt>e ~keys to naovgate wttw1 pages
r search ror oe~ when I st¥t typng
r w..-nmewhoen~estrytoredrlectorl'1!ioM:I~~
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4. Click the Update tab.
5. Confirm that the checkbox in front of Automatically install updates
(recommended:improved security) has a check mark. If it does not, click in
the checkbox to enter one.
6. Click OK.