This document discusses the key concepts of management and the management process. It defines management as the process of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling organizational resources to achieve goals. Managers are responsible for directing employee efforts to help the organization achieve its goals. The management process involves planning goals and actions, organizing work and allocating resources, leading employees, and controlling activities to ensure they conform to plans. The document also outlines different levels of managers, types of managers, and important management skills.
2. ORGANIZATIONS AND THE NEED FOR
MANAGEMENT
• Organization: two or more people work together in a structured
way to achieve a specific goal
• Goal : the purpose that an organization strive to achieve.
i.e. : cricket team has a goal to win the world cup.
• Vision: the long term perspective.
i.e.: what the organization want to achieve in10-20 years.
• Mission: it is for a short period of time i.e. 5 years.
3. MANAGEMENT AND MANAGERS
• Management: The process of planning, organizing, leading and
controlling the work of organization members and of using all
available organizational resources to achieve stated organizational
goal.
− In other words it is an art of getting work done by others.
• Managers: People responsible for directing the efforts aimed at
helping organization to achieve their goals.
4. EFFICIENCY AND EFFECTIVENESS
• Efficiency: The ability to minimize use of resources in achieving
organizational goal.
-“Do the things right” .
• Effectiveness : The ability to determine appropriate objectives.
-“Doing the right things”
6. PLANNING
• The process of establishing goals and suitable course of action for
achieving those goals.
• Plans are the guides which
1) The organizations obtains and commits the resources to reach its
objective.
2) Members of organization are given the responsibility and
procedures for particular goal.
7. ORGANIZING
• The process of engaging two or more people in working together in
a structured way to achieve a specific goal or set of goals.
• In other words it is the process of arranging and allocating work,
authority and resources among an organization’s members so they
can achieve the organization’s goal.
8. LEADING
• Leading is the process of directing and influencing the task related
activities of group members or an entire organization.
• Leading involves directing, influencing and motivating employee to
perform essential task.
11. • First line managers: managers who are responsible for the work of
operating employees only and do not supervise other managers.
i.e. supervisor
• Middle managers: managers of midrange of organizational
hierarchy, they are responsible for other managers. Middle managers
directs the activity of first line managers.
• Top managers: managers responsible for overall management of
the organization. They composed of small group of people.
12. TYPE OF MANAGERS
• Functional managers: A manager responsible for just one
organizational activity, such as marketing, finance .
• General managers: The individual responsible for all functional
activities, such as production, for an organization.
13. MANAGEMENT SKILLS
• Technical skills: The ability to use the procedure, techniques, and
knowledge of a specified field.
• Human skills: The ability to work with, understand and motivate
other people as an individual or in groups.
• Conceptual skills: The ability to coordinate and integrate all of
organization’s interests and activities
