Basin Input output Software explained T.L.E

1. ICT-CHS
Hardware:
BIOS & Input /
Output Devices
By: Kelvin Kent E. Giron

2. How does Human and
Computers Communicate?

3. How the Computer Process data
CPU
INPUT
CONTROL UNIT
ARITHMETIC LOGIC
UNIT
REGISTERS
INTERNAL MEMORY
EXTERNAL MEMORY
OUTPUT
Human
feed’s
DATA
CPU Processes
DATA into BINARY
NUMBERS that the
Computer
UNDERSTANDS
CPU Sends
Processed DATA
into Symbols or
characters that the
HUMAN UNDERSTANDS

4. What is BIOS???

5. BIOS
 Acronym for basic input/output system
- the built-in (FIRMWARE)/ software(what is a software- its series of
command or program used to make a certain computer function work)
- It is a software that automatically starts up when you turn
on your PC. That accommodates certain functionality.
- You can think of the BIOS as an Orchestra conductor – (it
makes sure that the whole system is synchronized and
running smoothly).
- It is a one central place that stores varied configuration
and allows these components to communicate with each
other.

6. BIOS SCREEN

7. BIOS
 So BIOS takes care of INPUT/OUTPUT processes of
your PC.
 So what do you mean by INPUT?
- INPUT – is also called data entry – or in more simpler
terms placing/storing data INTO your PC/DEVICE.
 What is OUTPUT?
- OUTPUT is simply displaying/producing a visual,
audio or physical output of the data entry you stored
in the PC.

8. BIOS - Processes
 Examples of BIOS PROCESSES are:
 INPUT – processes
- Keyboard language translation
- Image source input for (video, audio and Photo) data translation
- Command translation
- Hard drive data entry translation
 OUTPUT – processes
- Monitor Language translation
- Output device translation
- Example
- - printer processes
- Display processes
- Audio processes
- Etc.

9. BIOS – Storage configuration
 How does BIOS Configuration stored in your PC?
 2 types of storage for BIOS
 ROM
 CMOS
- ROM – Read Only Memory
- ( is a non- volatile memory)[TEMPORARY MEMORY] which means this memory is erased
after you turn your PC off. [ these memory is erased because these are just temporary
data, such data your computer stores when making processes during BIOS start up.
- CMOS – Complementary metal-oxide semi-conductor
- ( is a volatile memory) [PERMANENT MEMORY] which means this memory is remains
stored even after you turn your PC off and can be used next time you start up your PC. [
these memory is intact because these memory contains the necessary commands and
processes to start up the BIOS software.
- Usually this memory comes with a back up battery which ensures the data is still intact.
This battery is usually a round battery attached with the CMOS in the mother board.
- example of data in CMOS are (BIOS configuration/ Date and time synchronization etc.)

10. BIOS storage

11. CMOS storage

12. BIOS – Set-Up configuration
 How do you configure your BIOS settings in your
PC?
 During BOOT – UP process BOOT - UP is the other
term for START –UP
 You will see a screen that tell’s you to press a certain key to start a process,
that refers to the configuration setting of your BIOS.
 Usually this configuration or setting can be opened through a
series of key
 Example
- Del, f2, Crtl+S, Crtl+Alt+S, (depending on the brand or model of the
PC you are uding.)
- Once you open this configuration you can configure necessary
changes you want with your BIOS Processes.

13. Entering BIOS

14. INPUT/OUTPUT devices and their function
in the BIOS processes
 The following devices are input and output
devices that we use in the computer
communication system.
 We use these devices to communicate with our PC
and perform certain tasks that we want to do using
a PC to make our life’s work easier.

15. Input Devices
 An input device is any hardware
component that allows you to enter data
and instructions onto a computer.

16. Keyboards
Keyboard
a keyboard is a data input device
for computers; that allows you to
enter alpha-numeric keys and
symbols into your PC
The arrangement of keys is
modeled after the typewriter
keyboard.

17. STANDARD KEYBOARDS
and it’s types.

18. QWERTY Keyboard
 It is called QWERTY simply because the
arrangement of the first row keys are
arranged in QWERTY. It is mostly used by
french

19. AZERTY Keyboard
 AZERTY is a specific layout for the
characters of the Latin alphabet on
typewriter keys and computer
keyboards. The layout takes its name
from the first six letters to appear on the
first row of alphabetical keys. Like the
German QWERTZ layout, it is modeled
on the English QWERTY layout

20. DVORJAK Keyboard
 Developed in 1936 and patented May 12, 1936, the
Dvorak keyboard has all vowels and punctuation marks
on the left side of the keyboard and consonants on the
right side. Because of the placement of the keys on
the home row and the adaption of the letters to the
English language, many users who use the Dvorak
keyboard will type faster than users using the QWERTY
keyboard.

21. ERGONOMIC Keyboard
 Ergonomic keyboards are designed in such
a way that typing can be done putting the
least amount of stress on the fingers and
wrist. This is a radical type of keyboard
designed to prevent Carpal Tunnel
Syndrome, which causes numbness and
tingling sensation in the hands and fingers
after typing for a long duration.

22. WIRELESS Keyboard
 As the name suggests, these keyboards do not
need to be connected to the computer via a
wire. This makes it very convenient for the user
to use the keyboard comfortably. Wireless
keyboards use three basic types of
connections, Bluetooth, Infrared (IR), and Radio
Frequency to connect to the computer.

23. Gaming Keyboards
 As the name suggests, gaming keyboards are
designed specifically for gamers. They include features
meant to enhance gaming experience, as well as
provide convenient usage for gamers. They include
features like volume control, key lighting,
programmable keys, interchangeable keys, touch
screens to customize the keyboard, in-built joysticks,
fancy lighting, etc.

24. VIRTUAL KEYBOARDS
 Virtual keyboards are software devices that let you
input data just like a hardware keyboard. They
open up as an application and can be controlled
by a mouse or via a touch screen. They are mainly
used in devices which do not necessarily require a
keyboard, like a tablet or a smart-phone.

25. Computer Mouse
and it’s types.

26. Mechanical Mouse
 Also called as the ball mouse, a mechanical mouse
has rubber or metal ball on it’s underside. When the
ball rolls, mechanical sensors inside the mouse detect
the direction and move the pointer on the screen of
the PC. This type of mouse requires a flat surface or a
mouse pad to work efficiently. One of the drawbacks
of the device is that it is more prone to attracting dust.

27. Optical Mouse
 An optical mouse has light emitter and light
detector but it uses LED as the light emitter. It
generally has lower DPI than laser mouse and
users might find difficulty in using the device on
black or shiny surfaces.

28. Wireless Mouse
 A mouse with no cord that transmits infrared or radio signals
(RF) to a base station receiver. Wireless mice eliminate the
cord tangling associated with the corded variety. The
infrared type requires line of sight to the receiver, whereas
the RF variety uses radio waves that transmit in a wider
pattern.(Bluetooth, Infra – red)

29. Web Cameras
 a video camera that
inputs to a computer
connected to the
Internet, so that its
images can be viewed
by Internet users.

30. Scanners
 In computing, an image
scanner—often abbreviated to
just scanner—is a device that
optically scans images, printed
text, handwriting, or an object,
and converts it to a digital
image. Common examples
found in offices are variations of
the desktop (or flatbed)
scanner where the document is
placed on a glass window for
scanning. Hand-held scanners,
where the device is moved by
hand, have evolved from text
scanning "wands" to 3D
scannersused for industrial
design, reverse engineering, test
and measurement, orthotics,
gaming and other applications.

31. BARCODE Scanner
Is a scanning device that reads codes specifically
barcodes, these type of input devices are primarily
used in malls and stores to read data such as price
and display it on the computer

32. Microphones
 Computer microphones are
hardware devices used in
transmitting sound. They
enable the computer to
access sound signal from an
external source such as speech
or music.

33. Output Devices
 An output device is any hardware
component that conveys information to
one or more people.

34. Monitors
 A monitor or a display is an
electronic visual display for
computers. The monitor
comprises the display device,
circuitry and an enclosure. The
display device in modern
monitors is typically a thin film
transistor liquid crystal display
(TFT-LCD) thin panel, while
older monitors used a cathode
ray tube (CRT) about as deep
as the screen size.

35. Printers
 Prints a hard copy of photo’s,
documents and other digital
file in a computer usually used
in connection with document
processing software and photo
processing software

36. Two types of printers
 Impact Printers
 It considered impact printers
when part of the printer presses
the paper to form the character.
Impact printers can produce
carbon copies and are noisy,
although covers are available to
muffle the noise. In contrast, non
impact printer can't produce
carbon copies. This is usually not
a problem because it's easy to
produce multiple originals, but
sometimes carbons are required
for legal purposes.

37. Printers
 Non-impact Printers
Non-impact printers are the
most widely used printers for
PCs today. Non-impact printers
can produce both text and
graphics. Because nothing
strikes the paper, non-impact
printers are quiet. Some of the
most popular non-impact
printers are laser printers and
inkjet printers..

38. Speakers
 Speakers are one of the most
common output devices used
with computer systems. Some
speakers are designed to work
specifically with computers,
while others can be hooked up
to any type of sound system.
Regardless of their design, the
purpose of speakers is to
produce audio output that can
be heard by the listener.

39. Slide Projectors
 An LCD projector is a type
of video projector for
displaying video, images or
computer data on a screen or
other flat surface. It is a modern
equivalent of the slide
projector or overhead
projector. To display images

40. CHECK UP
What is the name of the following
INPUT DEVICE shown in the
picture slide???

41. Keyboards

42. Wireless Mouse

43. Web Cameras

44. Photo & Document Scanners

45. BARCODE Scanner

46. CHECK UP
What is the name of the following
OUTPUT DEVICE shown in the
picture slide???

47. Computer
Monitors

48. Printers

49. Speakers

50. Slide Projectors

51. END OF PRESENTATION
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