Kemira performic acid (PFA) chemistry is a halogen-free biocide program that is highly effective against primary-biofilm forming bacteria. PFA is a reaction product of formic acid and hydrogen peroxide, and its biocidal activity is based on active oxygen. PFA is thus halogen-free, corrosion safe and also fully biodegradable. This highly efficient biocide improves paper machine cleanliness while, at the same time, it does not generate any persistent AOX compounds in waste water that could be harmful for the environment. PFA also leaves no biocidal residuals in the paper product, making it safe for end users and the environment. Lucart PM 7 in Borgo a Mozzano, Toscana, Italy gained several advantages by using PFA, including improved machine efficiency and increased felt life-time.

1. Added value for tissue makers created by
efficient chlorine-free microbe control program
Jaakko Ekman, Roberto Zulian, James Atkinson, Jordi Sanchez, Marko Kolari,
Amerigo Salvetti (LucartGroup) and Juha Rintala

2. Content
• Introduction to Performic Acid (PFA) technology
• Case story from Lucart PM 7 in Italy
• Experiences from other mill cases
• Conclusions
Jaakko Ekman & James Atkinson 2

3. Performic acid (PFA) chemistry
• Produced on-site from formic acid
and hydrogen peroxide
HCOOH + H2O2 → HCOOOH + H2O
• PFA product is never pure Performic
acid, it is always an equilibrium
solution containing Performic Acid,
Formic acid and Hydrogen Peroxide
• PFA has a short life-time, thus it can
not be stored or transported
Jaakko Ekman & James Atkinson 3

4. PFA is a green disinfection agent with
very high performance
Jaakko Ekman & James Atkinson 4
10
100
1000
10000
100000
1000000
10000000
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Amountofviablebacteria,cfu/ml
Biocide dose, ppm active substance
Efficiency of Performic acid vs. Peracetic acid in Paper
Mill Water
Peracetic acid
Performic acid

5. PFA advantages
• Fast acting and very efficient
• Kills microbes within a very short contact time, leaving formic acid and
water as intermittent residuals
 Fully biodegradable to H2O and CO2
• Free of chlorine and bromine
• Less corrosive ions in the white water system
• No AOX released to environment
• Safer for process surfaces, workers and environment
• No toxic traces or dangerous disinfection by-products
• No corrosion
Jaakko Ekman & James Atkinson 5

6. Case story: Lucart PM 7
• Located in Borgo a Mozzano, Toscana, Italy
• PM7 is a high speed (on average 1900 m/min) crescent former machine
producing premium bathroom tissue and wet strength grades
• Production: about 70 000 t/year, grammage 15 – 24 g/m2
• Raw material: 100 % virgin fiber
• Water usage: 5 to 8 m3/t
• PFA replaced organic biocide program at the beginning of July 2012
• Current program design
 Continuously to fresh water;
 Clarified water;
 Wire pit
• In addition, organic biocide is used for sludge treatment
Jaakko Ekman & James Atkinson 6

7. PFA equipment
Hydrogen Peroxide
FENNOSPEC 7810
FENNOSAN PFA
PREPARATION UNIT
INSTALLATION AT LUCART PM7
• Tailor made for accurate and safe dosing
• Automated and easy to use
Jaakko Ekman & James Atkinson

8. Lucart PM7 results (1)
Microbial level clearly lower than during previous treatment!
Jaakko Ekman & James Atkinson 8
100
1000
10000
100000
1000000
Soft
wood
pulp
Hard
wood
pulp
White
water
DAF Clarified
water
Pulper
water
Fresh
water
ATP(RLU)
Previous
treatment
Kemira I (13.7. -
17.8.2012)
Kemira II (20.8. -
4.9.2012)
Kemira III (6.9. -
27.9.2012)
Kemira IV (2.10. -
11.10.2012)

9. • Machine efficiency significantly improved, including a
new production record
• Felt life-time has increased 50 % (from 70 - 90 days to
180 days)
• PFA reacts less with other additives than previous biocide
program
• Program works effectively by treating waters only
• Competitive cost versus competition
Jaakko Ekman & James Atkinson 9
Lucart PM7 results (2)

10. Experiences from other mill cases
Mill A:
• 60 – 70 % less breaks during PFA treatment than before
during Monochloramine (AmBr) treatment
• Visibly much cleaner machine
• Longer felt life: earlier 120 d, now more than 200 d
• Better retention, confirmed by lower consistency of white
water
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11. Experiences from other mill cases
Mill B:
• Earlier with organic biocides, the mill had problems with
toxic traces in end product. After PFA treatment started, no
toxic end-product has been found
• Better working environment: Less bacteria in spray
waters, no biocide smells, no anaerobic bacteria because of
the higher redox level
• No corrosion problems during two years of PFA treatment
• Productivity has increased (also other factors involved)
• Better felt performance
Jaakko Ekman & James Atkinson 11

12. Conclusions
PFA is a green sterilizing agent for tissue machines with
several benefits:
• Efficient microbe control → clean machine, excellent
runnability
• Safe program for both environment and operators
• Completely biodegradable → no toxic traces in end product
or waste water – No AOX generation
• Longer felt life → additional savings
• Not corrosive → less maintenance costs
Jaakko Ekman & James Atkinson 12

13. Disclaimer:
Performic Acid (PFA) is currently not registered as a pesticide
in the USA or Canada and thus it is not available for sale in
either country. This presentation is for informational purposes
only and is not an offer for sale.
Jaakko Ekman & James Atkinson 13