shaik umme salma, AEM,MFK-1710 college of fisheries,manglore,

1. CONCEPT OF DIASTER MANAGEMENT,
NATIONAL DIASTER MANAGEMENT FRAME
WORK
usalmashaik@gmail.com

2. “A disaster can be defined as any occurrence that cause
Damage,
Ecological disruption,
Loss of human life,
Deterioration of health and
Health services on a scale,
sufficient to warrant and extraordinary response from outside the
affected community or area”.

3. DEFINITIONS
• Risk is defined as the frequency of an event happening and its
impact.
• A Hazard is a physical or human-made event that can
potentially trigger a disaster.
• Vulnerability is ‘Susceptibility to harm’ of those at risk.
• Capacities are the qualities & resources of community ( or
individual) to … anticipate, cope with, resist & recover from
the impact of hazards.

4. WHY DISASTER MANAGEMENT??
• To minimize deaths and losses.
• Minimum level of preparedness & planning can do it.
• Without identification of risk & vulnerability, only
knowledge of hazards is of no use.
• Normal procedures are insufficient to handle grave
situations

5. CAUSAL FACTORS OF DISASTER
DISASTER
POPULATION
GROWTH
POVERTY
RAPID
URBANIZATION
ENVIRONMENT
DEGRADATION

6. • Poverty: lack of resource bases,support system,insurance
opportunities
• environmental degradation: destruction of mangrove swamps
in coastal areas. construction of huge dams destructing vast
area of forest.
• Rapid urbanisation :everybody wants to settle in urban area.
high rates can’t accommodate every class of people. it results
in growth of slums, unplanned construction without
regulations.
• population growth: effect on the people living in crowded
areas.

7. What it involves ??
• Dealing with and avoiding both natural and man made
disasters.
• Preparedness before disaster.
• Rebuilding and supporting society after natural disasters

8. The reasons for this are varied including:
• An increasing population pressures in urban areas.
• An increase in the extent of encroachment into lands.
e.g., river beds or drainage courses, low lying areas etc.
• Poor or ignored zoning laws and policies.
• Lack of proper risk management.

10. FACTORS AFFECTING DISASTER
Host factors:
• Age
• Immunization status
• Degree of mobility
• Emotional stability

11. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
Physical Factors:
• Chemical Factors
• Biological Factors
• Social Factors
• Psychological Factors

12. CHARACTERISTIC OF DISASTER
•Predictability
• Controllability
• Speed of onset
• Length of forewarning
•Duration of impact
• Scope and intensity of impact

14. PRINCIPLES OF DISASTER
MANAGEMENT
• Disaster management is the responsibility of all spheres of government.
• Disaster management should use resources that exist for a day-to-day
purpose.
• Organizations should function as an extension of their core business.
• Individuals are responsible for their own safety.
• Disaster management planning should focus on large-scale events.

15. • DM planning should recognize the difference between
incidents and disasters.
• DM planning must take account of the type of physical
environment and the structure of the population.
• DM arrangements must recognise the involvement and
potential role of non- government agencies

16. PHASES OF DISASTER
MANAGEMENT

17. E.g.: Indian Meteorological department (IMD) plays a key role in
forewarning the disaster of cyclone-storms by detection tracing.
 It has 5 centres in Kolkata, Bhubaneswar, Vishakapatanam, Chennai &
Mumbai.
 In addition there are 31 special observation posts setup a long the east
coast of India.
The International Agencies which provides humanitarian assistance to the
 disaster strike areas are United Nation agencies.
 Office for the co-ordination of Humanitarian Affair (OCHA)
 World Health Organization (WHO)
 UNICEF
 World Food Programme (WFP)
 Food & Agricultural Organisation (FAD)
E.g.: Non Governmental Organizations
 Co-Operative American Relief Every where (CARE)
 International committee of Red cross.

18. GOI – NGO DISASTER PREPARATION
AND RESPONSE COMITTEE
Members
• World Vision of India
• SOS Children's Village India
• Ramakrishna Mission
• Plan international
• OXFAM India Trust
• Lutheran World Service India
• Red Cross
• Catholic Relief Services
• CASA
• CARITAS India
• Voluntary Health association Of India
• Action Aid
• Action for Food Production-AFPRO
• Indo German Social Services Society

19. NODAL AGENCIES FOR DISASTER
MANAGEMENT
• Floods : Ministry of Water Resources, CWC
• Cyclones : Indian Meteorological Department
• Earthquakes : Indian Meteorological Department
• Epidemics : Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
• Avian Flu: Ministry of Health, Ministry of Environment
• Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry

20. • Chemical Disasters : Ministry of Environment and Forests,
• Industrial Disasters : Ministry of Labour.
• Rail Accidents : Ministry of Railways.
• Air Accidents : Ministry of Civil Aviation.
• Fire : Ministry of Home Affairs.
• Nuclear Incidents : Department of Atomic Energy.
• Mine Disasters : Department of Mines

21. NEW DIRECTIONS FOR DISASTER
MANAGEMENT IN
INDIA
• A National Disaster Mitigation Fund will be administerd by NDMA.
• States and districts will administer mitigation funds.
• A National Disaster Response Fund will be administerd by NDMA through
the National Executive Committee. States and Districts will administer
state Disaster Response Fund and Disaster Response Fund respectively.
• 8 Battalions of National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) are being trained
and deployed with CSSR and MFR equipments and tools in eight strategic
locations.
• A National Disaster Management Policy and National Disaster Response
Plan will also be drawn up.

22. LESSONS LEARNT
• BE PREPARED : Preparedness and Mitigation is bound to yield more
effective returns than distributing relief after a disaster.
• Create a Culture of Preparedness and Prevention.
• Evolve a code of conduct for all stake-holders.

23. FUTURE DIRECTIONS
• Encourage and consolidate knowledge networks
• Mobilise and train disaster volunteers for more effective preparedness,
mitigation and response (NSS, NCC, Scouts and Guides, NYK, Civil
Defence, Homeguards).
• Increased capacity building leads to faster vulnerability reduction.
• Learn from best practices in disaster
• preparedness, mitigation and disaster response

24. • Mobilising stakeholder participation of Self Help Groups, Women’s
Groups, Youth Groups, Panchayati Raj Institutions

25. DISASTER REDUCTION DAY
• NIDM observed "Disaster Reduction Day" on the 12TH OCTOBER.
• Rallies and special lectures were organized in the universities and colleges
to mark the initiatives ofawareness for disaster reduction amongst youth &
children.
• Children's Colour Activity Book for Disaster Preparedness

26. • For information on disasters dial TOLL FREE
No. 1070
• Log on to http://www.ndmindia.nic.in

27. DISASTER NURSING
It can be defined as the adaptation of professional
nursing skills in recognizing and meeting the nursing,
physical and emotional needs resulting from a
disaster.

28. THANK YOU