Advance Composition

1. Universidad de Panamá
Centro Regional Universitario de Coclé
Dr. Bernardo Lombardo
Faculty of Humanities
English School
Title:
Composition Final Examination
By:
Maria Flores
Katherin Ramos
Katherine Valdés

3. What is an Essay?
An essay is a piece of writing that expresses
the opinion or idea of a person about a topic in
specific. It usually demonstrates author’s
position, personal view, or a research of a
certain topic.

4. Types of
Essays
★ Argumentative
★ Descriptive
★ Synoptic
★ Analytical
★ Exploratory
★ Review

5. Components to
write a good
essay

6. Components of
an Essay
Introduction
Body
paragraph
Conclusion

7. Introduction

8. An Introduction is the first paragraph of an essay and it
is the primordial step to start writing. It has as an
objective to call the attention of the reader and to
explain the main topic of the essay. Also, it gives the
reader a clear idea of what is the opinion of the author
in the topic.
Introduction

9. Parts of
an
Introduc
tion:
★ States why the topic is
important.
★ States that there is a difference
of opinion about the topic.
★ Introduces the topic.
★ Describes how the assignment will
be structured and clearly states the
writer's main premise.

10. ★ Hook or
attention
grabber
★ Background
★ Information
★ Connect
★ Thesis
statement
Elements of an Introduction

11. Hook
A hook is the first sentence of an
introduction. It is also called an
“attention grabber.
It has as an objective to call the
attention of the readers
and encourage them to continue
reading.
● It must be charming, attractive
and readable.
● It could be a good quote, a good
verse, or a good incident,
anecdote, or an event.
Background Information
● It takes most of the space in an
introduction. It usually comes
after the hook.
● Background information in a
short essay that could take
three to four sentences, and
more in a long essay.
● Its purpose is to introduce the
readers to the background of
the topic.
Elements of an Introduction

12. Elements of an Introduction
Thesis Statement
This element comes directly
after the connect, and is
called the heart, core, or
central point of the essay.
● This is the most
important part of an
essay and it can be
comprised in the five
paragraph.
● It can have two ir
three sentences with
evidence and
counterargument.
Connect
This is just a short
sentence which connects
the background
information with the
thesis statement.

13. Types of
Introduc
tion
1) The first type
of
Introduction
is direct. It is
when the
thesis
statement
comes first,
and gives
background
information
later.
2) The second is an
indirect instruction
in which the thesis
statement comes
later, the background
information being
presented first. The
indirect Introduction
is the one that always
proves effective in an
essay.

14. The major purpose of an introduction is to
make readers feel that they are going to
read about something. As it has four
integral points, they all play an important
role in making readers feel that he is
going through a well-organized piece.
Purpose of the
Introduction

15. Body Paragraph

16. A good Body
paragraph Present
Organization
Argumentation
Proper use of language
Good logic management

17. How is the body of the essay developed?
★ The aspects that were presented in the introduction
are developed.
★ Information is presented in a more specific way.
★ Evidences, examples, reflections, explanations and
illustrations that defend the main idea must be
presented.
★ You can also comment personally on the information .

18. Did you know?
The body of the essay is made up of paragraphs
and that each paragraph has a main idea and two
or more secondary sentences which illustrate,
justify, exemplify and give details, reasons and
facts and more arguments to support the topic
sentence.

19. Conclusion

20. Conclusion
A conclusion is the
component of an essay that
aims to summarize the ideas
embodied above throughout
the text in the body and
introduction.
A conclusion is to
briefly highlight the
most relevant points,
providing the
knowledge explored
throughout the text,
considering due care
not to repeat exactly
what you have written
previously.
★ It is very important to
avoid redundancy!

21. Keep in mind that…
★ You should not attach information that you have not mentioned before.
★ The main idea is not to leave loose ends for your audience, to clarify why your text
should matter to them and to leave a lasting impression on them. In other words, we
must be persuasive in the way we develop the content of our essay.

22. Commonly in rehearsals the exact same thing happens in
real life:
So ,why do you take a
look at your own life so
that you see that the
memories you keep with:
The best memories
come from good
endings!
More affection and
luxury of details.
They are those special
moments whose end could
not have been better.

23. Taking this to another plane he same thing happens when writing!
As a reader, the person
expect to always end with a
good impression and
learning or lesson that
involve him/her to search
for more content of the
same kind.
Since the writer always
needs to construct a
text that satisfies the
reader, the reader need
to feel identified and
arouses empathy and
interest in the writing..
If we put so much effort into exposing our ideas, why not also close with a flourish?

24. Building a perfect conclusion!
Three stages to build a
conclusion
3 steps to achieve a
perfect conclusion
★ Purpose 1. Write an opening sentence
★ Problem 2. Avoid repetitions
★ Possibility 3. Leaves a lasting impression

25. Stages of an
essay

26. Pre-writing
During-writing
Post-writing
Important moments
The Writing Process
It is the creation of the text itself, it is made up of
paragraphs that present various types of
introductions, conclusions and correct choice of
words.

28. Pre
writing
Pre-writing is a process
in which we go through
before we start writing.
It is the first stage in
which we have to take
into account some
factors such as the
topic, the audience and
the purpose of our Essay.

29. Pre
writing
Steps:
★ Think carefully about what you
are going to write.
★ Collect facts related to your
paragraph or essay topic.
★ Write down your own ideas.
★ Find the main idea of your
paragraph or essay.
★ Organize your facts and ideas
in a way that develops your
main idea.

30. Types of Pre-Writing
★ Focused Free-Writing
★ Mind Mapping
★ Brainstorming
★ Listing
★ Outlining
★ Question Development
★ Journaling

31. ★ It helps writers to develop clear reasoning.
★ It helps writers to find week points in arguments.
★ It increases efficiency by helping the writer map, plan, or
brainstorm about their writing before beginning a first
draft.
★ It helps a writer organize their thoughts.
★ It helps a writer process the order of those thoughts so
they can organize them effectively for their audience.
★ It can facilitate a better understanding of audience and
rhetorical situation.
Pre-Writing
Importance

32. During writing
Is the next step after
pre-writing and you
need to have a clear
idea of the topic that
you are going to
develop.
Let the ideas flow, you just
have to be careful with
punctuation, spelling, grammar,
and other things that would not
allow the ideas to be well
understood.

33. -Organization
-Voice
-Word choice
-Vocabulary
Keep this
points in
mind...
❏ Write sentences and
paragraph.
❏ Use your own words.
❏ Try to concentrate on
your main ideas.
❏ Read what you have
written.
❏ Show it to others and
accept suggestions.

34. Remember that a good writing uses just the
right words to say just the right things,
fluent sentences are easy to understand and
fun to read with expression , write with your
soul and heart and follow the correct steps
to have good results.

35. Post-writing

36. Third stage: Post-writing
The third stage is related to the
aforementioned stage. Once a
draft has been produced, all the
planning and objectives that the
writer set out at the beginning
are examined.

37. Post-writingThe text that has been
done so far is valued
and, if necessary,
some aspects are
modified according to
the previously
established criteria.
In the first instance,
the revision of the
drafts corresponds to
the writer; afterwards,
it is advisable to
submit the text to the
evaluation of someone
else.
In other words, it is
the review of what
was written. In this
step the unnecessary
words are eliminated,
some transformations
are made and the
words are ordered

38. Post-writing
phases
Proofreading
Modify all aspects as necessary.
Express yourself in the clearest and
most direct way possible.
Detect spelling and writing errors as
well as the coherence of the text.
Rewriting
Style