1. The document provides a practice test for a Crop Science exam, containing 78 multiple choice questions covering various topics in crop science such as plant taxonomy, plant propagation techniques, soil tillage, plant breeding, and post-harvest handling. 2. The questions cover topics like plant families, laws related to seed industry regulation, characteristics of direct seeded crops, factors inducing flowering, statements about photosynthesis, plant phenotypes, genetic engineering techniques, and methods of soil preparation, tillage, planting, and plant propagation. 3. The exam also includes questions about post-harvest handling operations, systems approaches in agriculture, factors in crop rotation, cardinal temperatures, attitudes towards the environment, irrigation requirements of different soils, examples of root

1. Crop Science
REVIEWER Agriculturists Licensure Examination2012 94
PRACTICE TEST IN CROP SCIENCE
DIRECTION:Encircle the letterof the bestanswerfromthe choicesgiven.
1. Scientifically, the Grass family is the same as I. Graminae II. Poaceae III. Monocotyledonae.
A. I and II are True C.III is True
B. I and II are False D.II is False.
2. Theenactment of this law replaces the Philippine Seed Board with the National Seed Industry
Council beginning March 27, 1992.
A. R.A.7308 C. R.A. 7001
B. R.A. 2000 D.R.A. 8435
3. Crops which has the following characteristics can be planted through direct seeding.
A. Seeds are difficult to germinate.
B. Seeds are expensive.
C. Seedlings cannot tolerate root disturbance.
D. Seedlings develop multiple tap roots.
4. Smudging of mango trees induces flowering due to the production of this hormone
A. Cytokinin
B. Gibberellin
C. Ethylene
D. Napthalene
5. Analyze the following statements:
I. The source of the oxygen gas released in photosynthesis is water.
II. The source of the electrons used to reduce NADP+ in the light reactions is chlorophyll.
A. Both statements are correct.
B. Statement I is correct but statement II is wrong.
C. Statement II is correct but statement I is wrong.
D. Both statements are wrong.
6. The physical appearance of a plant with respect to a particular character.
A. Phenotype C.Ideotype
B. Genotype D.Prototype
7. The technique of movinggenesfromone organismtoanotherorputting them back in different
combinations to produce an improved organism is known as:
A. Genetic engineering C.Recombinant DNA
B. Biotechnology D.Cloning

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8. Plant propagation can be accomplished through several techniques. It is the implantation
of a meristem from another plant to a plantlet or sterile plant in vitro.
A. grafting C.budding
B. micrografting D.microlayering
9. It isthe processof preparingthe soil forplanting,therebyprovidinggoodphysical,chemical and
biological conditions that would permit optimum plant growth.
A. Land preparation C.Secondary tillage
B. Primary tillage D.Conventional Tillage
10. Seedsewingcanbe done indifferentways. Plantingthe seedsbydistributing them individually
in the row is called:
A. Hill planting C.Ridge planting
B. Drill planting D.List planting
11. The judiciousremoval of plant parts to control the growth of a plant physically.
A. trimming C.training
B. prunning D.toppping
12. Post-harvest processing activities that do not change the structure of the commodity
A. Primary processing C.Tertiary processing
B. Secondary processing D.All of the above
13. Lansiumdomesticum is a fruit produced in this municipality.
A. Benguet, Mt. Province C.San MarcelinoZambales
B. Paete, Laguna D.San Mateo, Isabela
14. Which of the following are not elements of weather?
A. temperature and wind C.typhoons and tornadoes
B. atmospheric pressure and humidity D.precipitation and cloudiness
15. The World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED), which was formed by the
United Nations in 1983, is better known as the BrundtlandCommision. In April 1987, it issued
this report which focuses on how development could be sustained.
A. Sustainable Development C.Our Common Future
B. Development and the Environment D.Conserving the Earth
16. In environment where water is scarce and expensive, and the soil which is sandy is porous,
irrigation is best done by this method.
A. Furrow irrigation C.Overhead irrigation
B. Drip irrigation D.All of the above

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17. Leguminous cropscanfix N fromthe atmosphere. Whichisnotunderthe familyLeguminosaeor
Fabaceae?
A. Phaseoluslunatus C.Lagenariasiceraria
B. Vignaunguiculata D.Phaseolus vulgaris
18. Properlydriedseedscanbe storedfor a longerduration with high germination if this container
is
A. Paper bag C.Jute sack
B. Sealed tin can D.Plastic sack
19. A method of asexual propagation in which missing organs are allowed to regenerate or
detached from the vegetative parts of the plant is:
A. Marcotting C.Budding
B. Cuttage D.Grafting
20. This is the capacityof a cell cultured in vitro to regenerate into a plant.
A. Potency C.micropropagation
B. Totipotency D.Culturability
21. Carotenoids are present in the leaves to perform this role.
A. Convertsunlight to ATPC.prevent photo-oxidation of chlorophyll
B. Reduce NADP D.transport oxygen out of the leaves.
22. The observable variation present in a character in a population is called ______.
A. phenotypic variation C.dominance variation
B. genotypic variation D.environmental variation.
23. This refers to the increased genetic variability brought about by tissue culture.
A. mutation C.somaclonal variation
B. genetic variation D.none of the above
24. This is a group of cells, tissues or plants derived from a single mother cell, tissue or plant
through asexual means and is expected to be genetically identical
A. Clone C.bud
B. Meristem D.scion
25. The mechanical manipulation of the soil from a known condition to a different desired
condition.
A. Primary tillage C.Tillage
B. Soil tilth D.Secondary Tillage

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26. A methodof plantingthe seedatthe bottomof the furrow and is usually recommended during
the dry season.
A. Surface or flat-bed planting C.List planting
B. Furrowplanting D.Hill planting
27. The general term for techniques that control the growth of plants in terms of shape, size, and
spatial direction.
A. Training C.Pruning
B. Pinching D.Trimming
28. The end of the developmentstage of afruitor fruitvegetable whenithas developed the ability
to ripen normally after harvest
A. Commercial maturity C.Horticultural maturity
B. Physiological maturity D.Botanical maturity
29. A system of cropping in which as many crops as possible are grown on the same
land within a year.
A. Monocropping C.Integrated farming
B. Multiple cropping D. Sustainable farming
30. Assuming dry air and a sea-level air temperature of 30o
C, the temperature on top of a 1000-
meter-high mountain is
A. 10o
C C.30o
C
B. 20o
C D.40o
C
31. Equity between the interests and rights of present and future generations is known as
A. Intragenerational equity C. Both a and b
B. Intergenerational equity D.None of the above
32. Because irrigationwaterisappliedinsmall amountsontothe soil withoutdisturbingthe surface,
soil erosion and surface crustation are usually eliminated when using
A. flood irrigation C.drip irrigation
B. furrow irrigation D.sprinkler irrigation
33. Which does not belong to the group?
A. Centrosema C.Stylosanthes
B. Siratro D.Paragrass
34. Which are not included as rogues in seed production?
A. weeds
B. plants that are genetically pure and conform with the standard of the variety
intended for reproduction
C. plants of other cultivars of the same species

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D. diseased plants of the same cultivar
35. Plants can be propagated using different techniques. Combining a root stock and a scion until
they unite permanently is______.
A. Cleft grafting C.Graftage
B. Layerage D.Cuttage
36. The leafyshootsoriginatingfromaxillarybudsborne atthe base of the pineapple fruitare called
A. Suckers C.Slips
B. Runners D.Crowns
37. The lightreactionsof photosynthesisinvolve PhotosystemIandPhotosystemII,eachof whichis
characterizedbya specificreactive molecule. The reactive molecule of PhotosystemIis
A. P730 C.P680
B. P700 D.P660
38. The differential performance of genotypes in different environments is termed as
A. Adaptation C.Plantreaction
B. GE interaction D.Acclimatization
39. This method of genetic conservation conserves plants outside the natural habitat
A. Ex situ conservation C.Cryopreservation
B. In situ conservation D.none of the above
40. Thisis a standardprocedure of testingwhetheraplantor planttissue carriesknown diseases or
not.
A. Quarantine C.Disease tracing
B. Diagnostic D.Disease indexing
41. The tillage operationthatdoesthe initialcuttingorbreakingof the soil at its state where either
a crop has been grown and harvested or simply a barren soil.
A. Secondary tillage C.Zero tillage
B. Primary tillage D.Maximum tillage
42. Method of raising rice seedling where pre-germinated seeds are sown on cement or puddled
soil coveredwithbananaleavesorpolyethylene plasticsheet.The raisedseedlingsare ready for
transplanting in 10-14 days.
A. Wet bed method C.Dry bed method
B. Dapog method D.Seedbed method

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43. The process by which seeds with inhibitory substances are subjected to low-temperature
treatment prior to germination to trigger the process of flowering later is called ______.
A. Hardening C.Acclimatization
B. Vernalization D.Scarification
44. Series of steps which include all those practices done after harvest either to prepare the
commodity for the market or long-term storage
A. Packaging operation C.Packinghouse operation
B. Secondaryprocessingoperation D.Handling operation
45. Application of systems approach concept in is based on a:
A. Holistic approach C. Scientific approach
B. Specific approach D. Commodity approach
46. In crop rotation, the most critical factor to consider is:
A. Proper combinations of crops C.Properintercropping of crops
B. Right sequencing of growing the crop D.Proper mixing of crops
47. The temperature at which a biological process will take place at the fastest rate is:
A. Cardinal temperature C.Minimum temperature
B. Maximum temperature D.Optimum temperature
48. The attitude that regards the value of nature merely as a pool of exploitable resources to be
used for the satisfaction of human wants is the
A. Profit attitude C.Anthropocentric attitude
B. Biocentric-holistic attitude D.None of the above
49. Which requires a longer irrigation interval?
A. sandy soil C.well-structured soil
B. loamy soilD.poorly structured clay soil
50. Which is not a root crop?
A. sweet potato C.potato
B. yam D.cassava
51. The scientist who formulated the “rules of thumb” in seed storage was
A. Harrington C.Collin
B. Taylor D.Van Daar

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52. This is an example of a plant propagated by root cutting.
A. Onion C.Guava
B. Okra D.Eggplant
53. Whichof the followingisanut?
A. coconut C.Pili nut
B. peanut D.Cashew nut
54. Many plantswithtropical originfix carbonusingthispathway/cycle:
A. C4 pathway C.CAMpathway
B. C3 pathway D.Calvincycle
55. This is the ratio of genotypic variance to the total variance.
A. Genetic advance C.Repeatability
B. Heritability D.Combining ability
56. Two of the most widelyusedantibioticsinplantgeneticengineeringare
A. Ampicillinandkanamycin C.Penicillinandkanamycin
B. Ampicillinandpenicillin D.Streptomycinandpenicillin
57. The sterile plant with functional roots and shoots developed in vitro is known as
A. Seedling C.Plantlet
B. Embryo D.Radical
58. Land preparation thatisperformedatrelativelylow moisturecontent,well belowthe saturation
moisture level.
A. Wetlandor lowlandpreparation C.Dryland or upland preparation
B. Secondary tillage preparation D.Conventional land preparation
59. A processof transferringthe seedlingsfromone containersuchasseedbox toanothercontainer
before they are brought to the field.
A. Pricking C.Blocking
B. Hardening D.Seeding
60. It refers to the visual impact of the total mass of an object such as plant or group of plants.
A. Color C. Form
B. Line D. Texture
61. Rapid closing of the neck of bulb crops under favorable condition
A. tightening C.curing
B. drying D.healing

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62. The intercroppingof cabbages and tomatoes is commonly adopted in vegetable growing areas
because of:
A. Allelopathy
B. Reduced incidence of diamond-back moth
C. Reduced incidence of diseases
D. Reduced cost of fertilizer
63. Whichspecificconditionwill a givennon-photoperiodic variety of rice will flower and mature?
A. Earlier in the Philippines than in China
B. Earlier in China than in the Philippines
C. At the same time in the Philippines and in China
D. Continuously flower in both countries
64. Thisrefersto the finite limitstothe capacityof ecosystemsandtothe impactsthat they and the
earth as a whole can withstand without dangerous deterioration.
A. Carrying capacity C. Environmental capacity
B. Biotic capacity D. Resiliency
65. The best method of irrigation to use in soils that are easily eroded is:
A. Flood irrigation C.Drip irrigation
B. Furrow irrigation D.Sprinkler irrigation
66. Basedon itsusesthiscrop can be classifiedbothasan agronomicandhorticultural crop:
A. Rice C.Sorghum
B. Mungbean D.Peanut
67. Thisbeststoredat this temperature:Orthodox seedswith4% to14% moisture content.
A. Below0°C C.20°C
B. 15°C D.25°C
68. Plantscan be propagatedindifferentways. Inarchingasone of the methods isalsoknownas:
A. Approachgrafting C.Marcotting
B. Layering D.Saddle grafting
69. Analyze the followingstatements:
I. The stemof a tree elongatesbymeansof the apical bud.
II. The stemof a grass elongatesbymeansof the intercalarymeristem.
A. StatementIand StatementIIare bothcorrect.
B. StatementIiscorrect but StatementIIiswrong.
C. StatementIiswrong butStatementIIiscorrect.
D. StatementIand StatementIIare both wrong.

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70. The requiredcompoundsforCO2 fixation,namely,NADPHandATP,are producedvia
A. Cyclicphotophosphorylation C.Dark reactions
B. Non-cyclicphotophosphorylation D.Lightreactions
71. Characters that are governedbyseveral geneswithsmall effectsare knownas
A. Qualitative characters C.Dominantcharacters
B. Quantitative characters D.Recessive characters
72. Thiswas the firstgeneticallymodifiedfoodcropproducedindevelopedcountriestodelay
ripening.
A. Tomato C. Watermelon
B. Eggplant D. Soybean
73. A methodof landpreparation where the soil istilled atsaturationpoint:
A. Wetlandor lowlandpreparation C.Dry landor uplandpreparation
B. Primarytillage preparation D.Conventional landpreparation
74. To ensure highemergence,seedsmustbe viable enough.Whichmethodiscommonlyusedin
testingseedviability?
A. Rag doll method C.Petri-dishmethod
B. Seedbox method D. 78 hours
75. Floweringplantscanbe jewelsof the landscape if theyare plantedin
A. Group C. Both a and b
B. Random D. None of the above
76. A processof dryingthe surface moisture afterwashingorwaxing fruitsorwhencommoditiesare
harvested wet.
A. Wiping C.Blowing
B. Airing D.Water elimination
77. Hedgerow is critical in soil conservation.In hilly land farming, the most commonly used
hedgerow crop is:
A. Mahogany C.ipil-ipil
B. Eucalyptus D.Rensonii
78. Wind direction varies according to season. An easterly wind blows in this direction.
A. From east to west C.From the equator to the east
B. From west to east D.From the equator to the west

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79. Sustainable agriculture isanypractice,method,technique/technology, philosophy or system or
production that makes agriculture attain this condition:
A. Economically feasible, and ecologically sound
B. Socially just and humane
C. Culturally appropriate, and grounded holistic science
D. All of the above.
80. Drainage is the removal of excess water. To drain unstable soils, it is best to use this type of
drains.
A. Open drainage ditches C. Tile drains
B. Mole drains D. Subsurface drains
81. Fruits vary in color, size and shape. An example of small fruit is:
A. Pineapple C. Tamarind
B. Lanzones D.Duhat
82. The National Seed Industry Council (NSIC) (former Philippine Seed Board) implemented by a
board. Who is not a member of the NSIC?
A. Secretary of Agriculture
B. Director of the Bureau of Plant Industry
C. Crop Research Director, PCARRD
D. Director of Philmech
83. Plants can be propagated in many different ways. The easiest method of plant propagation is:
A. Marcotting C.Layering
B. Inarching D.Cuttage
84. The flower of a squash which gives rise to a fruit is:
A. Complete and perfect C.Complete and imperfect
B. Incomplete and perfect D.incomplete and imperfect
85. The destruction of the chlorophyll molecules due to strong light intensity is called
A. Photolysis C.Etiolation
B. Photo-oxidation D.Decoloration
86. It isa traditional systemof tillingthe land whichbeginswithaprimarytillageoperationfollowed
by several secondary tillage operations.
A. Zero tillage C.Maximum or conventional tillage
B. Minimuntillage D.Secondary tillage
87. What isthe germinationpercentage of corn, if 180 normal seedlings emerged out of 200 seeds
sown?
A. 80% C.90%

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B. 85% D.95%
88. Straight lines give a feeling of rigidity and formality while curved lines radiate a feeling of
A. Gracefulness C.Both A and B
B. Softness D.None of the above
89. The application of a foliar coating to fruits and vegetables
A. Waxing C.Artificial
B. Painting D.All of the above
90. Land equivalentratio(LER) isusedtomeasure the yieldadvantage of intercropping. A LER value
higher than 1.00 indicates:
A. Disadvantage of intercropping C.Break-even point of intercropping
B. Advantage of intercropping D.Intercropping is disastrous
91. Giventhe relative humidity values below, in which conditionthat plant will need more water?
A. 60% C.80%
B. 70% D.90%
92. Some examples of external costs that are avoided in sustainable agriculture are:
A. Soil erosion, pollution, lower food quality
B. Loss of biodiversity, species/varieties/breeds, and indigenous knowledge
C. Erosion of human health and social relationships
D. All of the above.
93. Drainage that removes excess water is important for this purpose:
A. Bettergerminationof seeds C. Timelyland preparationandharvesting
B. Healthy root system D. All of the above
94. A plant,like sineguelas,thatlosesitsleavesduringacertaintime of the year before itbearsfruit
is a _______.
A. seasonal plant C.deciduousplant
B. evergreen plant D.none of the above
95. Insect activity is inhibited when seed moisture content is within this range:
A. 45-60% C.above 20-45% but below 45%
B. 18-20% D.below 8-9%
96. This is the mucilage or waxy materials surrounding some seeds and which causes physical
dormancy.
A. Exodermis C.Sacro-testa
B. Seed coat D.Sap

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97. Kangkong,ampalaya,andcamote topsare easilychewedbecause of the absence of supporting
and strengthening tissue called _______.
A. Parenchyma C.Sclerenchyma
B. Collenchyma D.Chlorenchyma
98. The anaerobic phase of respiration is linked to the aerobic phase by means of:
A. Succinyl Co-A C.Glutaryl Co-A
B. Acetyl Co-A D.Gluconyl Co-A
99. It is a process by which the soil clods are broken or the soil is puddled by means of a spike-
toothedharrowor comb harrow.Usuallythe operationisdone byalternate directions with two
lengthwise and one crosswise.
A. Plowing C.Rotavating
B. Harrowing D.Furrowing
100. The recommendedseedingrate of peanutis 90 kilograms per hectare. To ensure a good crop
stand, how many kilogramsof seed is needed if the germination percentage is only 70
percent?
A. 100.0 C.125.0
B. 112.5 D.128.6
101. In landscaping,the fine texture of small leaves gives an illusion of distance while the coarse
texture of broadleaves gives an illusion of ____.
A. Softness C.Closeness
B. Neatness D.Gracefulness
102. Type of fruits that exhibits an increase in respiration rate when it starts to ripen
A. Non-climacteric fruit C.Tropical fruits
B. Climactericfruit D.Temperate fruits
103. The most critical determinant of the cropping pattern rice followed by rice is:
A. Water availability C.Market accessibility
B. Soil texture and topography D.Technology
104. To obtaina good result,afarmercan sprayhiscrop if the clouds in the sky are of these types.
A. Cumulonimbus clouds C.Cirrus clouds
B. Nimbus clouds D. Nimbostratus clouds
105. The deadly disease of unborn infants caused by high nitrate levels in drinking water is:
A. Methemoglobinemia C.Diarrhea
B. Cancer D. Nitrate toxicity

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106. Compared to shallow-rooted plants, deep-rooted plants require:
A.More frequent irrigation and larger volume of water per irrigation
B.More frequent irrigation but smaller volume of water per irrigation
C.Less frequent irrigation but larger volume of water per irrigation
D.Less frequent irrigation and smaller volume of water per irrigation
107. Bitter gourd is known to help control diabetes. What is its scientific name?
A. Momordicacharantia C.Citrulluslunatus
B. Luffaacutangula D.Luffacylindrica
108. Seedsare classified according to their purity. In rice seeds, a white tag is attached to the bag
of this class of seed.
A. Breeder Seed C.Registered Seed
B. Foundation Seed D.Certified Seed
109. Thisis the treatmentthatremovesthe seedcoator alters it making it permeable to water, so
it will emerge faster.
A. Stratification C.Vernalization
B. Scarification D.Separation
110. The presence of these parts isan indicationthatcormsand rhizomes are stems although they
are generally found below the ground.
A. Nodes and leaf sheaths C. Nodes and internodes
B. Nodes and buds D.Nodes and roots
111. In glycolysis, glucose is converted to:
A. Phosphoglyceric acid C. succinic acid
B. Pyruvic acid D. Malic acid
112. The purpose of tillage that is peculiar to wetland preparation.
A. Turn soil into soft puddle and form a hard pan
B. Develop proper soil tilth
C. Improve soil aeration
D. Promote erosion
113. Corn isplantedata spacingof 75 cm betweenrowsand50 cm betweenhills with 2 plants per
hill. What is the plant population per hectare?
A. 50,333 C.52,333
B. 51,333 D.53,333

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114. The process of classifying produce into groups according to a set of recognized criteria of
quality and size, with each group bearing an accepted name and size grouping.
A. Sorting C.Grading
B. Sizing D.Selection
115. Whena croppingpatternis written,sequential croppingis denoted by what symbol between
two crops?
A. Hypen (-) C.Slash (/)
B. Plus (+) D.Multiply (x)
116. Mango requires a climate with distinct dry season of at least four consecutive months. The
best climate for mango that meets at least four months dry is:
A. Type 1 C.Type 3
B. Type 2 D.TYpe 4
117. Which of the following practices are sustainable?
A. Recycling of nutrients, and use of compost, green manures and other forms
of organic fertilizers
B. Non-pesticidal control of pests
C. Diversified and integrated farming system
D. All of the above.
118. Breaking hardpans in the soil and improving soil structure enhances
A. Drainage C.Internal drainage
B. Surface drainage D.Seepage
119. Medicines in tablet or liquid forms are usually derived from plants. An example of a
horticultural crop that has medicinal properties is
A. Vitexnegundo C.Pennisetumpurpureum
B. Brachiariamutica D.All of the Above
120. The new name of the agency authorized in approving the release of recommended crop
varieties in the Philippines is:
A.Philippine Seed Board (PSB)
B. National Seed Industry Council (NSIC)
C. Department of Agriculture (DA)
D. International Rice Research Institute (IRRI)
121. An aggregate fruit is derived from one flower with several ovaries. An example of an
aggregate fruit is:
A. Atis C.Orange
B. Jackfruit D.Lanzones

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122. These are seedsthat cannot be keptviable fora long periodof time fortheycannot withstand
drying and should not be permitted to dry out before planting.
A. Recalcitrant seeds C.Foundation seeds
B. Registered seeds D.Orthodox seeds
123. If photosynthesisislimitedtothe reactionsthattake place inside the chloroplast, the product
of photosynthesis is
A. Glucose C.Sucrose
B. Phosphoglyceraldehyde D.Phosphoglyceric acid
124. These are examples of crops that are generally high in moisture and therefore are highly
perishable commodities.
A. Durian, lanzones, mangosteen C.Squash, cucumber, watermelon
B. Eggplant, tomato, pepper D.All of the above
125. In the wet bed method of raising rice seedlings, how many square meters of seedbed is
needed to sow a bag of palay seed to plant one hectare?
A. 200 sq m C.400 sq m
B. 300 sq m D. 500 sq m
126. It isthe trainingsystemof treesthatresults in the strongest branches but allows the entry of
theleast light in the canopy.
A. Central leader C.Open center or vase
B. Modifiedleader D.None of the above
127. Technologyorprocessthat ensuresadequate protection and safe delivery of a produce from
the producers to the consumers
A. Trucking C.Packaging
B. Bundling D.Handling
128. The multiple cropping technology is quite difficult for farmers to adopt because of:
A. The need to grow new and unfamiliar crops
B. The need for timely implementation of required practices
C. The need for additional resources
D. All of the above
129. Aurora province isonthe easternpart of Luzon,betweenthe PacificOceanandthe Sierra
Madre mountains.Westof the SierraMadre isthe town of Gabaldon,NuevaEcija.Whenthe
northeastmonsoonprevails,thisconditionoccurs:
A.More rain falls inAurorathan inGabaldon
B.More rainfalls inGabaldonthan in Aurora
C. Auroraand Gabaldonreceive equal amountsof rain
D.El Niñooccursin bothmunicipalities.

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130. Because itis notprescriptive of adefinedsetof practices,methods,techniques/technologies
or policiesthatwouldrestrictthe optionsof farmers,sustainable agriculture is consideredas:
A. flexible C.proactive
B. experiential D.participatory
131. Drainage isimportant inagriculture.Whichisnota role of drainage?
A. Soil aeration
B. Entry of oxygenfromthe atmosphere tothe soil
C. Release of carbondioxide fromthe soil tothe atmosphere
D. Dissolve nutrientsinthe soil
132. These are fieldcropsthat belong toa special-purposeclassification:
A. Pulses C.Tubercrops
B. Covercrops D.None of the above
133. Whichof the followingisanoptional requirementforseedgermination?
A. Favorable temperature C.Light
B. 20% oxygenconcentration D.Properamountof water
134. Whena plantexperienceswaterstress,itconserveswaterbyclosingthe stomata. Thisis
returneffected bythis planthormone
A. Ethylene C.Abscissicacid
B. Cytokinin D.Auxin
135. Thistype of cuttingconsistsof the leaf blade,petiole andashortpiece of the stemwithan
axillarybud.
A. Stemcutting C.Leaf-budcutting
B. Leaf cutting D.Rootcutting
136. The phenomenonof asingle majorgene affectingmore thanone characteris knownas:
A. Pleiotropy C.Expressivity
B. Penetrance D.Isogenic
137. To preventsoil erosion,the directionof tillage onrollingorhillyfields is:
A. Acrossthe contour
B. Followthe general contourof the land
C. Againstthe contour
D. Down-updirection
138. A designprinciple thatfocusesthe attentionof the eye onsome dominantfeature of the
designandhelpsmake the gardenpersonal andinteresting.

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A. Emphasis C. Unity
B. Balance D.Contrast
139. Rapidcoolingof produce immediatelyafterharvest
A. On-site cooling C.Pre-cooling
B. Postcooling D.All of the above
140. Farmersintercroppeanutinbetweencornplantsbecause:
A. It servesasanimal feed C.Itservesas source of seeds
B. It reducescornborer infestation D.All of the above
141. The lack of rainduringEl Ñinoepisodesisanexample of:
A. Permanentdrought C. Contingentdrought
B. Seasonal drought D. Invisible drought
142. The constancy of productionundera givensetof environmental,economic,andmanagement
conditionsisknownas:
A. Stability C. Flexibility
B. Sustainability D. Resiliency
143. The removal of excesswaterfromthe soil is:
A. Drainage C.Internal drainage
B. Surface drainage D. Seepage
144. A woodyplantthatneedsa supportto be able to standuprightisa _____.
A. Vine C. Shrub
B. Liana D. Climber
145. The most favorable conditionforstoringorthodox seedsis:
A. Dry and cool condition C. Moist and cool condition
B. Dry and hot condition D. Moist and hotcondition
146. These are small suckersjustemergingfromanundergroundstem.
A. Maidensuckers C.Peepers
B. Water sprouts D.Swords
147. Analyze the followingstatement:“A juvenileplantwillinitiate the flowerwhenitreceivesthe
properdaylength.”
A. The statementisalwaystrue.
B. The statementissometimestrue andsometimesfalse.
C. The statementisalwaysfalse.
D. None of the above

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148. The modificationinthe expressionof adominantgene byanothernon-allelicdominantgene
isknownas:
A. Gene interaction C.Gene flow
B. Gene action D.None of the above
149. One purpose of tillage isto:
A. Developadesirable soilstructure
B. Form hard surface crust
C. Promote soil compaction
D. Reduce soil granulation
150. A specimenplanthasthe followingeffect inlandscaping
A. It ischarmingin a biggarden C.Botha andb
B. It isout of place insmall gardens D.None of these
151. Ripening of fruits can be induced by hormone. Which is an example of a ripening hormone?
A. Acetylene C.Calcium carbide
B. Ethylene D.Auxin
152. Which among the following cropping patterns will exhibit allelopathic effect?
A. Mungbean-mungbean C.Mungbean-corn
B. Mungbean-rice D.Mungbean-sweet potato
153. The method of irrigation that has the least contribution to salinization is:
A. Flooding C. Overhead irrigation
B. Furrow irrigation D.Drip irrigation
154. If benefitsfromthe farm,resources,andpowerare distributedevenlyso that the basic needs
of all members of society are met, agriculture is considered to be ______.
A. Humane C.Sustainable
B. Culturally appropriate and sensitive D.Socially just and equitable
155. Which of the crops listed below requires frequent irrigation?
A. Onion C. Tomato
B. water melon D.Mungbean
156. Plants with vegetative shoots that continue to grow until the plants senesce are:
A. Determinate plants C. Perennials
B. Indeterminate plants D. None of the above
157. The most effective desiccant for seed storage, for it requires the smallest amount is:

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REVIEWER Agriculturists Licensure Examination2012 112
A. Lime C.Silica gel
B. Charcoal D.Wood ash
158. When the wedge is made on the stock and the split on the scion, the grafting method is this
type.
A. Whip and tongue grafting C.Saddle grafting
B. Bark grafting D.Cleft grafting
159. When plants are grown at very narrow spacing, stem elongation is:
A. Restricted C.Not affected
B. Promoted D.Any of the above depending on variety
160. A gene has been inserted and makes the corn resistant to this insect pest.
A. Asiatic corn borer C.Ear worm
B. Corn downy mildew D.Tobacco budworm
161. Physical changes brought about by lowland preparation.
A. Flooding breaks soil clods into smaller aggregates and particles and penetration
resistance to plowing is reduced.
B. Soil structure and granulation are maintained
C. No flooding is involved
D. Downward movement of water is normal and water drains easily
162. In order to make a small garden seems big, this condition must be met.
A. Colored leaf plants should not be used
B. Large-leaf plants should be used
C. Small-leaf plants should not be used
D. Small-leaf plants should be used
163. The technology developed by the Mindanao Baptist Rural Life Center in Davao del Sur
recommended in hilly land or sloping land is:
A. Contour farming C. Multiple cropping technology
B. Sloping agricultural land technology D.Integrated farming technology
164. Wetland rice production contributes to global warming by the emission of:
A.Nitrous oxide from denitrification
B.Methane from anaerobic decomposition of organic matter
C.Carbon dioxide from soil microorganisms and plant roots
D.All of the above
165. Growing two or more varieties of rice in the farm enhances
A. Genetic diversity C.Ecosystem diversity

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REVIEWER Agriculturists Licensure Examination2012 113
B. Species diversity D.Biodiversity
166. Irrigationismostefficientif appliedbefore soil moisture becomeslimitingtoplants.Thus, as a
general guide, irrigation water should be applied when
A.20 percent of the available water in the root zone has been depleted
B. 40 percent of the available water in the root zone has been depleted
C.60 percent of the available water in the root zone has been depleted
D. 80 percent of the available water in the root zone has been depleted
167. The most suitable material for germination test of very small seeds is
A. Rolled filter paper C.Rag doll method
B. Petri dishlinedwithfilter paper D.Sand
168. This type of grafting allows bigger area of cambial contact between the rootstock and the
scionhence, it heals quickly and makes a very strong union.
A. Cleft grafting C.Whip and tongue grafting
B. Saddle grafting D.Bark grafting
169. These are short-day plants that bear few flowers even when the proper night length is not
supplied.
A. Qualitative short-day plants
B. Quantitative short-day plants
C. Quantitative long-night plants
D. Qualitative long-night plants
170. These are cellscontainingnuclei of one speciesbutcytoplasmfromboththe parental species.
A. Cybrids C.Transgen
B. Hybrids D.Symmetric hybrids
171. A tillage systeminwhichsoildisturbance isreduced but allows some crop residues to remain
on the soil surface after the operation.
A. Conventional tillage C.Minimum tillage
B. Conservation tillage D.Secondary tillage
172. A landscape design is said to have no rhythm when this condition occurs:
A.The eye jumps from one form to another
B.The eye jumps from one color to another
C.The eye looks steadily
D.Both a and b
173. Many farmers are using improved technologies. However, few farmers are following the
recommendation made by researchers and extension workers in their entirety because:
A. Farmers are stubborn or hard-headed

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B. Extension is ineffective
C. Credit is inadequate
D. Recommended technologies are not appropriate to their conditions
174. The G in the equation Y = f{G + E + (G x E)} refers to:
A. Growth C.Gibberellins
B. Genotype D. Geotropism
175. Resourcesthatare exhaustedwithuse because theyare notreplenishedorcycledthrough
natural processes are called:
A. Recycledresources C.Non-renewable resources
B. Renewableresources D.None of the above
176. A sugarcane fieldinTarlachas a loamysandsoil. To deliverwatereffectively,whatirrigation
methodshouldbe used?
A. Furrowirrigation C. Sprinklerirrigation
B. Drip irrigation D. Any of the above
177. Abaca inBicol is afflictedbyvirusdiseases.Tomassproduce disease-free plantingmaterials,
thistechniquesmustbe used.
A. Divisionof cormscomingfromexistingfarms
B. Tissue culture
C. Usingdesuckeringtools
D. Graftingabaca withresistantvarieties
178. Eggplantisa commoncomponentof Philippine dish. The topeggplantproducingregioninthe
country is:
A. IlocosRegion C.CAR
B. CagayanValley D.NorthernMindanao
179. Senescence canbe delayedby thistechnique:
A. Removingflowers
B. Sprayingthe plant withcytokinin
C. Sprayingthe plantwithnitrogenousfertilizer
D. All of the above
180. In geneticengineering,the DNA segmentorthe gene tobe transferredingeneticengineering
may be introducedintoplantcellsthrough this?
A. T1 plasmids C. DirectDNA uptake by cells,
B. Gemini virusvectors D.All of the above
181. Whichare advantagesof conservationtillage overconventional tillage?
A. Water conservationandreducederosion
B. Highyieldandhighprofit

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C. Low cost andease of operations
D. Increasedorganicmatterand easierapplicationof fertilizer
182. To increase distance inasmall garden,the followingpointersmustbe takeninto
consideration:
A.Plantswithlargerleavesandbrightercolorsshouldbe plantedinthe
foreground
B. Plantswithsmallerleavesanddull colorsshouldbe plantedinthe background
C. BothA and B
D. None of these
183. The multiple croppingindex isgenerally higherwith:
A. Small farmsize C. Mediumfarmsize
B. Biggerfarm size D.Plantationfarm
184. The thinningof the ozone layercan resulttoharmful effectscausedby
A. UV-A C.UV-C
B. UV-B D. All of the above
185. A majorstrategyin sustainableagriculture istorestore agricultural diversityintime and space
through these strategies:
A.Crop rotations and intercropping, especially those that include legumes
B.Polycultures and cover crops
C.Crop/livestock mixtures
D.All of the above
186. A field is well-drained if it has no standing water at this duration:
A. 24 hours after a heavy rain
B. 36 hours after a heavy rain
C. 48 hours after a heavy rain
D.All of the above
187. Propagation that preserves the characters of the parent plant is:
A. Sexual propagation C.Grafting
B. Asexual propagation D.Layering
188. The following statement refers to what law? “The increase in yield per increase in growth
factor is proportional to the difference between the maximum yield and the actual yielD.”
A.Leibig’s law of the minimum
B. Blackman’s law of limiting factors
C.Liebscher’s optimum law
D.Mitscherlich’s law of diminishing returns

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189. Thisconsistsof activelydividingnon-organizedtissuesof undifferentiated and differentiated
cells often developing from injury (wounding) or in tissue cultures
A. Cellulose C.Protocorn
B. Callus D.Cell suspension
190. A designprinciple whichreferstothe pleasingrelationshipof objectsmakingeachcomponent
a part of a unified whole.
A. Balance C.Rythm
B. Harmony D.Emphasis
191. In the SALT technology,asimple device whichisusedindeterminingthe contoursof the farm
is known as:
A. Z-frame C.X-frame
B. A-frame D.C-frame
192. The role of light in photosynthesis is an example of:
A. Photoenergetic effect C.Photocybernetic effect
B. Photodestructive effect D.All of the above
193. It isa holisticsystemof agriculture started by Rudolf Steiner that aims to connect nature and
cosmic forces (“formative life energies”) to farming. His followers believed that heavenly
bodies (stars, etC.) influence the growth and development of plants.
A. Natural farmingC.Bio-dynamic farming
B. Sustainable agricultureD.Permaculture
194. For rapid rate of multiplication, the method of propagation generally practiced is:
A. micropropagationC. sexual propagation
B. asexual propagationD.none of the above
195. The best training system for mango is:
A. Open center or vase C.Central leader
B. Modified leader D.All of the above
196. Analyze the following statements:
I. Photoperiodism is regulated by blue light.
II. Phototropism is regulated by red (660 nm) light and far-red (730 nm) light.
A. Both statements are correct.
B. Statement I is correct but statement II is wrong.
C. Statement II is correct but statement I is wrong.
D. Both statements are wrong.

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197. LEISA isa farmingpractice or philosophy in which most of the inputs used originate from the
farm.Deliberate actionistakentoensure sustainability.However,itisopenfora combination
of organic and inorganic fertilizers. LEISA stands for:
A. Low-external-input and sustainable agriculture
B. Low-external-input and subsistence agriculture
C. Liberalized economy, industry and strategic agriculture
D. Liberalized economy, industry and sustainable agriculture poultry species having
pairs of chromosomes.
198. A plantthat istall and spindlywith few branches can be transformed to a short, compact and
with more branches. The pruning technique to be used is
A. Thinning out C.Shearing
B. Heading back D.Pinching
199. Rice, corn, mungbean, watermelon and most crops that are grown in the Philippines are
considered:
A. Sciophytes C.Heliophytes
B. Halophytes D. Xerophytes
200. Any ornamental plant used to provide a background against the shape and color of flowers
being displayed is______.
A. Edging C.Ground cover
B. Screen D.Sequence