SlideShare uma empresa Scribd logo
1 de 25
Stress and Well-Being
       at Work
What is Stress?
Stress – the unconscious preparation to
  fight or flee that a person experiences
  when faced with any demand
Stressor – the person or event that triggers
  the stress response
Distress – the adverse psychological,
  physical, behavioral, and organizational
  consequences that may arise as a result
  of stressful events
Strain – distress
What is Homeostasis?

Homeostasis – a steady state of bodily
 functioning and equilibrium
4 Stress Approaches:
Homeostatic/Medical Approach
             Homeostasis
                   +
        External environmental
               demand
                   =




Fight
                                 Flight
4 Stress Approaches:
Cognitive Appraisal Approach

• Individuals differ in their appraisal of
  events and people
• What is stressful for one person is not
  for another
• Perception and cognitive appraisal
  determines what is stressful
4 Stress Approaches:
Cognitive Appraisal Approach

 Problem-focused coping
 emphasizes managing
 the stressor



                 Emotion-focused coping
                 emphasizes managing
                  your response
4 Stress Approaches:
Person–Environment Fit Approach
        • No undue stress
          Good person-environment fit: a person’s
          skills and abilities match a clearly
          defined, consistent set of role
          expectations

        • Stress, strain, and depression
          occur when role expectations are
          confusing and/or conflicting, or when the
          person’s skills and abilities do not meet
          the demands of the social role
4 Stress Approaches:
           Psychoanalytic Approach
  Ego Ideal – the
                                          Self-Image – how a
 embodiment of a
                                          person sees oneself,
person’s perfect self
                                            both positively &
    (imaginable)
                                               negatively



                           = the difference
                        between ego ideal and
                              self-image
Sources of Stress at Work
                    Work Demands
Task Demands               Role Demands
 Change & uncertainty       Role conflict:
 Lack of control             • Interrole
 Career progress             • Intrarole
 New technologies            • Person–role
 Work overload/underload    Role ambiguity
Interpersonal Demands      Physical Demands
  Abrasive personalities    Extreme environments
  Sexual harassment         Strenuous activities
  Leadership styles         Hazardous substances
Stress Sources at Work

                    Nonwork Demands
Family Demands             Personal Demands
 Marital expectations       Religious activities
 Child-rearing/day care     Self-improvement
  arrangements                tasks
 Parental care              Traumatic events
Stress Benefits and Costs
      Benefits of Healthy, Normal Stress (Eustress)
       Performance                    Health
Increased arousal             Cardiovascular
Bursts of physical strength   efficiency
                              Enhanced focus in an
                                emergency
                    Costs of Distress
        Individual               Organizational
Psychological disorders       Participation problems
Medical illnesses             Performance
Behavioral problems           decrements
                              Compensation awards
Positive Stress

• Stress response itself is neutral
• Some stressful activities (aerobic
  exercise, etc.) can enhance a person’s
  ability to manage stressful demands or
  situations
• Stress can provide a needed energy
  boost
Negative Stress

Negative stress results from
  – a prolonged activation of the stress
    response
  – mismanagement of the energy induced
    by the response
  – unique personal vulnerabilities
Individual Distress

                              Beh
                                  avi o
                    s          (sub ral pro
           al illnes es,
   Medic se, strok           viole stance a blems
            a
(hea rt dise ackaches)            nce,       b
                                        acci use,
        ches, b                             dent
 heada                                           s)

          Work-related psychological disorders
                (depression, burnout,
              psychosomatic disorders)
Organizational Distress
Participative Problems – a cost
  associated with absenteeism, tardiness,
  strikes and work stoppages, and turnover
Performance Decrement – a cost resulting
  from poor quality or low quantity of
  production, grievances, and unscheduled
  machine downtime and repair
Individual differences
  Dealing with Stress

           Achilles’ heel
         phenomenon –
      a person breaks down
       at his or her weakest
                point

                  e
            iseas
    Heart D s
    Headache
   Backach
   Dep       es
       ress
           ion
Are There
Gender-Related Stressors?

         Sexual harassment
   Early age fatal health problems
 Long term disabling health problems
              Violence
Type A Behavior Patterns
Type A Behavior Patterns – a
  complex of personality and
  behavior characteristics
  – sense of time urgency
    “hurry sickness”
  – quest for numbers (of
    achievements)
  – status insecurity
  – aggression & hostility
    expressed in response to
    frustration & conflict
Personality Hardiness
Personality Hardiness – a personality
  resistant to distress and characterized by
   – challenge (versus threat)
   – commitment (versus alienation)
   – control (versus powerlessness)
Transformational Coping – a way of
  managing stressful events by changing
  them into subjectively less stressful
  events (versus regressive coping –
  passive avoidance of events by
  decreasing interaction with the
  environment)
Self-Reliance
Self-Reliance – a healthy, secure,
 interdependent pattern of behavior related to
 how people form and maintain supportive
 attachments with others (social relation ship)
Counterdependence – an unhealthy,
 insecure pattern of behavior that leads to
 separation in relationships with other people
Become rigid,denial of need of people
Overdependence – an unhealthy, insecure
 pattern of behavior that leads to preoccupied
 attempts to achieve security through
 relationships., cling to other people.
Preventative Stress
          Management
Preventative Stress Management – an
  organizational philosophy that holds that
  people & organizations should take joint
  responsibility for promoting health and
  preventing distress and strain
Preventative Stress
         Management
Primary Prevention – designed to reduce,
  modify, or eliminate the demand or
  stressor causing stress
Secondary Prevention – designed to alter
  or modify the individual’s or the
  organization’s response to a demand or
  stressor
Tertiary Prevention – designed to heal
  individual or organizational symptoms of
  distress and strain (healing , therapy)
Organizational Stress
        Prevention
• Focuses on people’s work
  demands
• Focuses on ways to reduce distress
  at work
• Most organizational prevention is
  primary
  – job redesign
  – goal setting
  – role negotiation
  – social support systems
Individual Preventive
             Stress Management
Primary Prevention
 Learned optimism:        Alters the person’s internal self-talk and
                          reduces depression
 Time management:         Improves planning and prioritizes activities
 Leisure time activities: Balance work and non-work activities
Secondary Prevention
 Physical exercise:      Improves cardiovascular function and muscular
                         flexibility
 Relaxation training:    Lowers all indicators of the stress response
 Diet:                   Lowers the risk of cardiovascular disease and
                         improves overall physical health
Tertiary Prevention
 Opening up:             Releases internalized traumas and emotional
                         tensions
 Professional help:      Provides information, emotional support, and
                         therapeutic guidance
What Can Managers Do?
• Learn how to create healthy stress
  without distress
• Help employees adjust to new
  technologies
• Be sensitive to early signs of distress
• Be aware of gender, personality, and
  behavioral differences
• Use principles and methods of preventive
  stress management

Mais conteúdo relacionado

Mais procurados

Concepts of state and government
Concepts of state and governmentConcepts of state and government
Concepts of state and governmentPhilner Salindo
 
Bureaucracy handouts
Bureaucracy   handoutsBureaucracy   handouts
Bureaucracy handoutsruthbnimo
 
Foundations of public administration
Foundations of public administrationFoundations of public administration
Foundations of public administrationUniversidad de Manila
 
The philippine civil service system final report
The philippine civil service system   final reportThe philippine civil service system   final report
The philippine civil service system final reportarnel6113
 
Public Administration: Concepts and Practice
Public Administration: Concepts and PracticePublic Administration: Concepts and Practice
Public Administration: Concepts and PracticeGinandjar Kartasasmita
 
Personnel administration
Personnel administrationPersonnel administration
Personnel administrationDada Ilagan
 
Political science part viii
Political science part viiiPolitical science part viii
Political science part viiiAlona Salva
 
DPA 102 Philippine Administrative System
DPA 102 Philippine Administrative SystemDPA 102 Philippine Administrative System
DPA 102 Philippine Administrative SystemJo Balucanag - Bitonio
 
Power & politics final revised
Power & politics final revisedPower & politics final revised
Power & politics final revisedAIMS Education
 
C2 power, legitimacy, authority
C2 power, legitimacy, authorityC2 power, legitimacy, authority
C2 power, legitimacy, authorityfrank zane
 
Edwin locke goal setting theory
Edwin locke goal setting theoryEdwin locke goal setting theory
Edwin locke goal setting theorychristelle corpin
 
People empowerment
People empowermentPeople empowerment
People empowermentjethkurstian
 

Mais procurados (20)

Concepts of state and government
Concepts of state and governmentConcepts of state and government
Concepts of state and government
 
Bureaucracy handouts
Bureaucracy   handoutsBureaucracy   handouts
Bureaucracy handouts
 
Empowerment
EmpowermentEmpowerment
Empowerment
 
Foundations of public administration
Foundations of public administrationFoundations of public administration
Foundations of public administration
 
The philippine civil service system final report
The philippine civil service system   final reportThe philippine civil service system   final report
The philippine civil service system final report
 
Public Administration: Concepts and Practice
Public Administration: Concepts and PracticePublic Administration: Concepts and Practice
Public Administration: Concepts and Practice
 
Empowerment
EmpowermentEmpowerment
Empowerment
 
Personnel administration
Personnel administrationPersonnel administration
Personnel administration
 
New Public Administration
New Public AdministrationNew Public Administration
New Public Administration
 
Political science part viii
Political science part viiiPolitical science part viii
Political science part viii
 
Power influence slideshare
Power influence slidesharePower influence slideshare
Power influence slideshare
 
DPA 102 Philippine Administrative System
DPA 102 Philippine Administrative SystemDPA 102 Philippine Administrative System
DPA 102 Philippine Administrative System
 
Public administration
Public administrationPublic administration
Public administration
 
Power & politics final revised
Power & politics final revisedPower & politics final revised
Power & politics final revised
 
C2 power, legitimacy, authority
C2 power, legitimacy, authorityC2 power, legitimacy, authority
C2 power, legitimacy, authority
 
Theories in Public Administration
Theories in Public AdministrationTheories in Public Administration
Theories in Public Administration
 
Edwin locke goal setting theory
Edwin locke goal setting theoryEdwin locke goal setting theory
Edwin locke goal setting theory
 
People empowerment
People empowermentPeople empowerment
People empowerment
 
THE THEORY OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
THE THEORY OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONTHE THEORY OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
THE THEORY OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
 
7 Power and politics
7  Power and politics7  Power and politics
7 Power and politics
 

Destaque

Organizational behaviour (Stress Management)
Organizational behaviour (Stress Management)Organizational behaviour (Stress Management)
Organizational behaviour (Stress Management)Lila Bear
 
What is Stress Management
What is Stress ManagementWhat is Stress Management
What is Stress ManagementNavdeep Kumar
 
Physician-Patient Interaction Design: Quality of Service & Error Prevention
Physician-Patient Interaction Design: Quality of Service & Error PreventionPhysician-Patient Interaction Design: Quality of Service & Error Prevention
Physician-Patient Interaction Design: Quality of Service & Error PreventionMoin Rahman
 
Stress and theories of stress
Stress and theories of stressStress and theories of stress
Stress and theories of stressAbad Agha
 
Stress management and strategies to cope with individual and organisational s...
Stress management and strategies to cope with individual and organisational s...Stress management and strategies to cope with individual and organisational s...
Stress management and strategies to cope with individual and organisational s...Chethna Thekkepat
 
Organizational Health
Organizational HealthOrganizational Health
Organizational HealthDavid Alman
 
Coping with stress in middle and late adolescence
Coping with stress in middle and late adolescenceCoping with stress in middle and late adolescence
Coping with stress in middle and late adolescenceMonte Christo
 
Organisational stress management
Organisational stress managementOrganisational stress management
Organisational stress managementRaaz Dhamelia
 
Coping With Stress
Coping With StressCoping With Stress
Coping With Stresskkillby
 
Coping with stress through non-drug methods.
Coping with stress through non-drug methods.Coping with stress through non-drug methods.
Coping with stress through non-drug methods.Jay Pardasani
 

Destaque (17)

Stress
StressStress
Stress
 
Organizational behaviour (Stress Management)
Organizational behaviour (Stress Management)Organizational behaviour (Stress Management)
Organizational behaviour (Stress Management)
 
Workplace Stress A01 & A02
Workplace Stress A01 & A02Workplace Stress A01 & A02
Workplace Stress A01 & A02
 
What is Stress Management
What is Stress ManagementWhat is Stress Management
What is Stress Management
 
Physician-Patient Interaction Design: Quality of Service & Error Prevention
Physician-Patient Interaction Design: Quality of Service & Error PreventionPhysician-Patient Interaction Design: Quality of Service & Error Prevention
Physician-Patient Interaction Design: Quality of Service & Error Prevention
 
Stress management
Stress managementStress management
Stress management
 
Stress and theories of stress
Stress and theories of stressStress and theories of stress
Stress and theories of stress
 
Stress management and strategies to cope with individual and organisational s...
Stress management and strategies to cope with individual and organisational s...Stress management and strategies to cope with individual and organisational s...
Stress management and strategies to cope with individual and organisational s...
 
Organizational Health
Organizational HealthOrganizational Health
Organizational Health
 
Coping with stress in middle and late adolescence
Coping with stress in middle and late adolescenceCoping with stress in middle and late adolescence
Coping with stress in middle and late adolescence
 
Organisational stress management
Organisational stress managementOrganisational stress management
Organisational stress management
 
What is stress
What is stressWhat is stress
What is stress
 
Stress Management
Stress ManagementStress Management
Stress Management
 
Coping With Stress
Coping With StressCoping With Stress
Coping With Stress
 
Coping with stress through non-drug methods.
Coping with stress through non-drug methods.Coping with stress through non-drug methods.
Coping with stress through non-drug methods.
 
Stress theories
Stress theoriesStress theories
Stress theories
 
Stress
StressStress
Stress
 

Semelhante a Stress Management at Work

Semelhante a Stress Management at Work (20)

Occupational Stress
Occupational StressOccupational Stress
Occupational Stress
 
Stress management
Stress managementStress management
Stress management
 
Psycho-social stress related to workplace
Psycho-social  stress related to workplacePsycho-social  stress related to workplace
Psycho-social stress related to workplace
 
Stress and Distress
Stress and Distress Stress and Distress
Stress and Distress
 
Stress and Distress
Stress and Distress Stress and Distress
Stress and Distress
 
Chapter 7
Chapter 7Chapter 7
Chapter 7
 
Organization Behavior - Stress and Well-being At Work
Organization Behavior - Stress and Well-being At WorkOrganization Behavior - Stress and Well-being At Work
Organization Behavior - Stress and Well-being At Work
 
Stress management
Stress managementStress management
Stress management
 
Stress
StressStress
Stress
 
Stress.ppt
Stress.pptStress.ppt
Stress.ppt
 
Stress.ppt
Stress.pptStress.ppt
Stress.ppt
 
Stress
StressStress
Stress
 
Psych 200 Health Psychology
Psych 200   Health PsychologyPsych 200   Health Psychology
Psych 200 Health Psychology
 
Health Psychology: Stress
Health Psychology: StressHealth Psychology: Stress
Health Psychology: Stress
 
Stress management
Stress managementStress management
Stress management
 
Uhs 2062 Stress Management
Uhs 2062 Stress ManagementUhs 2062 Stress Management
Uhs 2062 Stress Management
 
140 Chapter 7 Stress and Well-Being at WorkChapter 7 .docx
140     Chapter 7  Stress and Well-Being at WorkChapter 7 .docx140     Chapter 7  Stress and Well-Being at WorkChapter 7 .docx
140 Chapter 7 Stress and Well-Being at WorkChapter 7 .docx
 
Stress ndim
Stress ndimStress ndim
Stress ndim
 
Historical and theoretical concepts rf order 1
Historical and theoretical concepts rf   order 1Historical and theoretical concepts rf   order 1
Historical and theoretical concepts rf order 1
 
Stress Management-final (2).ppt
Stress Management-final (2).pptStress Management-final (2).ppt
Stress Management-final (2).ppt
 

Mais de Kapil Chhabra (20)

Ifm forex markets-01[1].03.07
Ifm   forex markets-01[1].03.07Ifm   forex markets-01[1].03.07
Ifm forex markets-01[1].03.07
 
Ifm forex markets 13.2.07
Ifm   forex markets 13.2.07Ifm   forex markets 13.2.07
Ifm forex markets 13.2.07
 
Ifm derivatives 01[1].03.07
Ifm   derivatives 01[1].03.07Ifm   derivatives 01[1].03.07
Ifm derivatives 01[1].03.07
 
General insurance quiz
General insurance quizGeneral insurance quiz
General insurance quiz
 
Banking deliberations
Banking deliberationsBanking deliberations
Banking deliberations
 
Securitisatio
SecuritisatioSecuritisatio
Securitisatio
 
Retail finance
Retail financeRetail finance
Retail finance
 
Ratio
RatioRatio
Ratio
 
Nbfc ppt
Nbfc pptNbfc ppt
Nbfc ppt
 
Lbo presentation
Lbo presentationLbo presentation
Lbo presentation
 
Factoring ppt
Factoring pptFactoring ppt
Factoring ppt
 
Dabur case study
Dabur case studyDabur case study
Dabur case study
 
Cheques mp
Cheques mpCheques mp
Cheques mp
 
Capital budgeting
Capital budgetingCapital budgeting
Capital budgeting
 
Banking mp
Banking mpBanking mp
Banking mp
 
Alm and hp
Alm and hpAlm and hp
Alm and hp
 
Session 4 financial markets background
Session 4 financial markets backgroundSession 4 financial markets background
Session 4 financial markets background
 
Place
PlacePlace
Place
 
Org change new
Org change newOrg change new
Org change new
 
New org culture
New org cultureNew org culture
New org culture
 

Último

VIP Call Girls Lucknow Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Lucknow
VIP Call Girls Lucknow Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service LucknowVIP Call Girls Lucknow Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Lucknow
VIP Call Girls Lucknow Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Lucknownarwatsonia7
 
Sonagachi Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call Now
Sonagachi Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call NowSonagachi Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call Now
Sonagachi Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call NowRiya Pathan
 
Call Girls Jp Nagar Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Jp Nagar Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service AvailableCall Girls Jp Nagar Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Jp Nagar Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Availablenarwatsonia7
 
Call Girls Thane Just Call 9910780858 Get High Class Call Girls Service
Call Girls Thane Just Call 9910780858 Get High Class Call Girls ServiceCall Girls Thane Just Call 9910780858 Get High Class Call Girls Service
Call Girls Thane Just Call 9910780858 Get High Class Call Girls Servicesonalikaur4
 
Book Call Girls in Yelahanka - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original Photos
Book Call Girls in Yelahanka - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original PhotosBook Call Girls in Yelahanka - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original Photos
Book Call Girls in Yelahanka - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original Photosnarwatsonia7
 
High Profile Call Girls Jaipur Vani 8445551418 Independent Escort Service Jaipur
High Profile Call Girls Jaipur Vani 8445551418 Independent Escort Service JaipurHigh Profile Call Girls Jaipur Vani 8445551418 Independent Escort Service Jaipur
High Profile Call Girls Jaipur Vani 8445551418 Independent Escort Service Jaipurparulsinha
 
Book Call Girls in Kasavanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone numbers
Book Call Girls in Kasavanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone numbersBook Call Girls in Kasavanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone numbers
Book Call Girls in Kasavanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone numbersnarwatsonia7
 
Bangalore Call Girls Marathahalli 📞 9907093804 High Profile Service 100% Safe
Bangalore Call Girls Marathahalli 📞 9907093804 High Profile Service 100% SafeBangalore Call Girls Marathahalli 📞 9907093804 High Profile Service 100% Safe
Bangalore Call Girls Marathahalli 📞 9907093804 High Profile Service 100% Safenarwatsonia7
 
Call Girl Koramangala | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment Booking
Call Girl Koramangala | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment BookingCall Girl Koramangala | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment Booking
Call Girl Koramangala | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment Bookingnarwatsonia7
 
Russian Call Girls in Pune Riya 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call gi...
Russian Call Girls in Pune Riya 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call gi...Russian Call Girls in Pune Riya 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call gi...
Russian Call Girls in Pune Riya 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call gi...Miss joya
 
call girls in green park DELHI 🔝 >༒9540349809 🔝 genuine Escort Service 🔝✔️✔️
call girls in green park  DELHI 🔝 >༒9540349809 🔝 genuine Escort Service 🔝✔️✔️call girls in green park  DELHI 🔝 >༒9540349809 🔝 genuine Escort Service 🔝✔️✔️
call girls in green park DELHI 🔝 >༒9540349809 🔝 genuine Escort Service 🔝✔️✔️saminamagar
 
Call Girls Whitefield Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Whitefield Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service AvailableCall Girls Whitefield Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Whitefield Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Availablenarwatsonia7
 
Call Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Bangalore
Call Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service BangaloreCall Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Bangalore
Call Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Bangalorenarwatsonia7
 
Call Girls Hosur Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Hosur Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service AvailableCall Girls Hosur Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Hosur Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Availablenarwatsonia7
 
Glomerular Filtration and determinants of glomerular filtration .pptx
Glomerular Filtration and  determinants of glomerular filtration .pptxGlomerular Filtration and  determinants of glomerular filtration .pptx
Glomerular Filtration and determinants of glomerular filtration .pptxDr.Nusrat Tariq
 
Kolkata Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call Now
Kolkata Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call NowKolkata Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call Now
Kolkata Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call NowNehru place Escorts
 
Call Girls Kanakapura Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...
Call Girls Kanakapura Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...Call Girls Kanakapura Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...
Call Girls Kanakapura Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...narwatsonia7
 
Call Girls In Andheri East Call 9920874524 Book Hot And Sexy Girls
Call Girls In Andheri East Call 9920874524 Book Hot And Sexy GirlsCall Girls In Andheri East Call 9920874524 Book Hot And Sexy Girls
Call Girls In Andheri East Call 9920874524 Book Hot And Sexy Girlsnehamumbai
 
Hemostasis Physiology and Clinical correlations by Dr Faiza.pdf
Hemostasis Physiology and Clinical correlations by Dr Faiza.pdfHemostasis Physiology and Clinical correlations by Dr Faiza.pdf
Hemostasis Physiology and Clinical correlations by Dr Faiza.pdfMedicoseAcademics
 

Último (20)

VIP Call Girls Lucknow Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Lucknow
VIP Call Girls Lucknow Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service LucknowVIP Call Girls Lucknow Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Lucknow
VIP Call Girls Lucknow Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Lucknow
 
Sonagachi Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call Now
Sonagachi Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call NowSonagachi Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call Now
Sonagachi Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call Now
 
Call Girls Jp Nagar Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Jp Nagar Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service AvailableCall Girls Jp Nagar Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Jp Nagar Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
 
Call Girls Thane Just Call 9910780858 Get High Class Call Girls Service
Call Girls Thane Just Call 9910780858 Get High Class Call Girls ServiceCall Girls Thane Just Call 9910780858 Get High Class Call Girls Service
Call Girls Thane Just Call 9910780858 Get High Class Call Girls Service
 
Book Call Girls in Yelahanka - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original Photos
Book Call Girls in Yelahanka - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original PhotosBook Call Girls in Yelahanka - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original Photos
Book Call Girls in Yelahanka - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original Photos
 
High Profile Call Girls Jaipur Vani 8445551418 Independent Escort Service Jaipur
High Profile Call Girls Jaipur Vani 8445551418 Independent Escort Service JaipurHigh Profile Call Girls Jaipur Vani 8445551418 Independent Escort Service Jaipur
High Profile Call Girls Jaipur Vani 8445551418 Independent Escort Service Jaipur
 
Book Call Girls in Kasavanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone numbers
Book Call Girls in Kasavanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone numbersBook Call Girls in Kasavanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone numbers
Book Call Girls in Kasavanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone numbers
 
Bangalore Call Girls Marathahalli 📞 9907093804 High Profile Service 100% Safe
Bangalore Call Girls Marathahalli 📞 9907093804 High Profile Service 100% SafeBangalore Call Girls Marathahalli 📞 9907093804 High Profile Service 100% Safe
Bangalore Call Girls Marathahalli 📞 9907093804 High Profile Service 100% Safe
 
Call Girl Koramangala | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment Booking
Call Girl Koramangala | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment BookingCall Girl Koramangala | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment Booking
Call Girl Koramangala | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment Booking
 
Escort Service Call Girls In Sarita Vihar,, 99530°56974 Delhi NCR
Escort Service Call Girls In Sarita Vihar,, 99530°56974 Delhi NCREscort Service Call Girls In Sarita Vihar,, 99530°56974 Delhi NCR
Escort Service Call Girls In Sarita Vihar,, 99530°56974 Delhi NCR
 
Russian Call Girls in Pune Riya 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call gi...
Russian Call Girls in Pune Riya 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call gi...Russian Call Girls in Pune Riya 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call gi...
Russian Call Girls in Pune Riya 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call gi...
 
call girls in green park DELHI 🔝 >༒9540349809 🔝 genuine Escort Service 🔝✔️✔️
call girls in green park  DELHI 🔝 >༒9540349809 🔝 genuine Escort Service 🔝✔️✔️call girls in green park  DELHI 🔝 >༒9540349809 🔝 genuine Escort Service 🔝✔️✔️
call girls in green park DELHI 🔝 >༒9540349809 🔝 genuine Escort Service 🔝✔️✔️
 
Call Girls Whitefield Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Whitefield Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service AvailableCall Girls Whitefield Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Whitefield Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
 
Call Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Bangalore
Call Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service BangaloreCall Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Bangalore
Call Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Bangalore
 
Call Girls Hosur Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Hosur Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service AvailableCall Girls Hosur Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Hosur Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
 
Glomerular Filtration and determinants of glomerular filtration .pptx
Glomerular Filtration and  determinants of glomerular filtration .pptxGlomerular Filtration and  determinants of glomerular filtration .pptx
Glomerular Filtration and determinants of glomerular filtration .pptx
 
Kolkata Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call Now
Kolkata Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call NowKolkata Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call Now
Kolkata Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call Now
 
Call Girls Kanakapura Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...
Call Girls Kanakapura Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...Call Girls Kanakapura Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...
Call Girls Kanakapura Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...
 
Call Girls In Andheri East Call 9920874524 Book Hot And Sexy Girls
Call Girls In Andheri East Call 9920874524 Book Hot And Sexy GirlsCall Girls In Andheri East Call 9920874524 Book Hot And Sexy Girls
Call Girls In Andheri East Call 9920874524 Book Hot And Sexy Girls
 
Hemostasis Physiology and Clinical correlations by Dr Faiza.pdf
Hemostasis Physiology and Clinical correlations by Dr Faiza.pdfHemostasis Physiology and Clinical correlations by Dr Faiza.pdf
Hemostasis Physiology and Clinical correlations by Dr Faiza.pdf
 

Stress Management at Work

  • 2. What is Stress? Stress – the unconscious preparation to fight or flee that a person experiences when faced with any demand Stressor – the person or event that triggers the stress response Distress – the adverse psychological, physical, behavioral, and organizational consequences that may arise as a result of stressful events Strain – distress
  • 3. What is Homeostasis? Homeostasis – a steady state of bodily functioning and equilibrium
  • 4. 4 Stress Approaches: Homeostatic/Medical Approach Homeostasis + External environmental demand = Fight Flight
  • 5. 4 Stress Approaches: Cognitive Appraisal Approach • Individuals differ in their appraisal of events and people • What is stressful for one person is not for another • Perception and cognitive appraisal determines what is stressful
  • 6. 4 Stress Approaches: Cognitive Appraisal Approach Problem-focused coping emphasizes managing the stressor Emotion-focused coping emphasizes managing your response
  • 7. 4 Stress Approaches: Person–Environment Fit Approach • No undue stress Good person-environment fit: a person’s skills and abilities match a clearly defined, consistent set of role expectations • Stress, strain, and depression occur when role expectations are confusing and/or conflicting, or when the person’s skills and abilities do not meet the demands of the social role
  • 8. 4 Stress Approaches: Psychoanalytic Approach Ego Ideal – the Self-Image – how a embodiment of a person sees oneself, person’s perfect self both positively & (imaginable) negatively = the difference between ego ideal and self-image
  • 9. Sources of Stress at Work Work Demands Task Demands Role Demands Change & uncertainty Role conflict: Lack of control • Interrole Career progress • Intrarole New technologies • Person–role Work overload/underload Role ambiguity Interpersonal Demands Physical Demands Abrasive personalities Extreme environments Sexual harassment Strenuous activities Leadership styles Hazardous substances
  • 10. Stress Sources at Work Nonwork Demands Family Demands Personal Demands Marital expectations Religious activities Child-rearing/day care Self-improvement arrangements tasks Parental care Traumatic events
  • 11. Stress Benefits and Costs Benefits of Healthy, Normal Stress (Eustress) Performance Health Increased arousal Cardiovascular Bursts of physical strength efficiency Enhanced focus in an emergency Costs of Distress Individual Organizational Psychological disorders Participation problems Medical illnesses Performance Behavioral problems decrements Compensation awards
  • 12. Positive Stress • Stress response itself is neutral • Some stressful activities (aerobic exercise, etc.) can enhance a person’s ability to manage stressful demands or situations • Stress can provide a needed energy boost
  • 13. Negative Stress Negative stress results from – a prolonged activation of the stress response – mismanagement of the energy induced by the response – unique personal vulnerabilities
  • 14. Individual Distress Beh avi o s (sub ral pro al illnes es, Medic se, strok viole stance a blems a (hea rt dise ackaches) nce, b acci use, ches, b dent heada s) Work-related psychological disorders (depression, burnout, psychosomatic disorders)
  • 15. Organizational Distress Participative Problems – a cost associated with absenteeism, tardiness, strikes and work stoppages, and turnover Performance Decrement – a cost resulting from poor quality or low quantity of production, grievances, and unscheduled machine downtime and repair
  • 16. Individual differences Dealing with Stress Achilles’ heel phenomenon – a person breaks down at his or her weakest point e iseas Heart D s Headache Backach Dep es ress ion
  • 17. Are There Gender-Related Stressors? Sexual harassment Early age fatal health problems Long term disabling health problems Violence
  • 18. Type A Behavior Patterns Type A Behavior Patterns – a complex of personality and behavior characteristics – sense of time urgency “hurry sickness” – quest for numbers (of achievements) – status insecurity – aggression & hostility expressed in response to frustration & conflict
  • 19. Personality Hardiness Personality Hardiness – a personality resistant to distress and characterized by – challenge (versus threat) – commitment (versus alienation) – control (versus powerlessness) Transformational Coping – a way of managing stressful events by changing them into subjectively less stressful events (versus regressive coping – passive avoidance of events by decreasing interaction with the environment)
  • 20. Self-Reliance Self-Reliance – a healthy, secure, interdependent pattern of behavior related to how people form and maintain supportive attachments with others (social relation ship) Counterdependence – an unhealthy, insecure pattern of behavior that leads to separation in relationships with other people Become rigid,denial of need of people Overdependence – an unhealthy, insecure pattern of behavior that leads to preoccupied attempts to achieve security through relationships., cling to other people.
  • 21. Preventative Stress Management Preventative Stress Management – an organizational philosophy that holds that people & organizations should take joint responsibility for promoting health and preventing distress and strain
  • 22. Preventative Stress Management Primary Prevention – designed to reduce, modify, or eliminate the demand or stressor causing stress Secondary Prevention – designed to alter or modify the individual’s or the organization’s response to a demand or stressor Tertiary Prevention – designed to heal individual or organizational symptoms of distress and strain (healing , therapy)
  • 23. Organizational Stress Prevention • Focuses on people’s work demands • Focuses on ways to reduce distress at work • Most organizational prevention is primary – job redesign – goal setting – role negotiation – social support systems
  • 24. Individual Preventive Stress Management Primary Prevention Learned optimism: Alters the person’s internal self-talk and reduces depression Time management: Improves planning and prioritizes activities Leisure time activities: Balance work and non-work activities Secondary Prevention Physical exercise: Improves cardiovascular function and muscular flexibility Relaxation training: Lowers all indicators of the stress response Diet: Lowers the risk of cardiovascular disease and improves overall physical health Tertiary Prevention Opening up: Releases internalized traumas and emotional tensions Professional help: Provides information, emotional support, and therapeutic guidance
  • 25. What Can Managers Do? • Learn how to create healthy stress without distress • Help employees adjust to new technologies • Be sensitive to early signs of distress • Be aware of gender, personality, and behavioral differences • Use principles and methods of preventive stress management

Notas do Editor

  1. 2
  2. 2
  3. 3
  4. 4
  5. 4
  6. 5
  7. 6
  8. 8
  9. 9
  10. 10
  11. 12
  12. 12
  13. 13
  14. 14
  15. 15
  16. 16
  17. 17
  18. 18
  19. 19
  20. 20
  21. 20
  22. 22
  23. 25