Digitalization is revolutionizing education by automating jobs and creating new ones. This forces universities to creatively destroy and reinvent themselves to develop the competencies students need for a rapidly changing future. As technologies like AI and robotics automate more tasks, universities must research and educate for the future rather than the past. They face challenges to remain innovative and autonomous while addressing society's needs through their three missions of research, education, and social influence in a globally competitive landscape.

1. Creative Destruction of University
Jyrki J.J. Kasvi – @jyrkikasvi
Parliament of Finland – @SuomenEduskunta
Information Society Development Centre TIEKE – @tiekery
Future Learning – International Week – March 8th 2016

2. Digitalisation is revolutionising our
economy, work and education
ATM’s, Wikipedia, milking robots and Spotify were just a humble beginning

3. 9.3.2016 @jyrkikasvi 3
You had robot milked milk in your latte.
Image: Lely

4. Image: Energid Technologies
Field is a much easier environment for a robot than a road.
Image: Energid Technologies
Soon you’ll eat robot manufactured food.
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5. When Hitachi replaced its logistics foremen with an A.I.,
storemen work efficiency went up by 8%.
Ken Teegardin, CC BY-SA 2.0
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6. Who needs stock brokers, when algorithms dominate securities trading?
CC BY 2.0 Rafael Matsunaga - Flickr
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7. A.I.’s are already replacing attorney assistants in the U.S.

8. Are universities reactive or proactive?
Do we research and educate our past or future?

9. Which faculty did the first Finnish academic
dissertation about computer gaming culture?
Quetion:

10. Economic crises come and go
while megatrends change our World
Digitalisation explodes job
productivity
- Moore’s law starts to be have a
real impact
- Several disruptive technologies
emerge at the same time
- Robotisation automates manual
jobs and agriculture
- Artificial intelligences automate
intellectual jobs
- Internet of Things integrates
everything
- Global pecking order will be
reorganized
Global demographics are changing
- Industrial countries are growing old
- Baby boomers of developing countries
are entering national job markets
Globalization networks the world
- New economies become superpowers
- China becomes the Centre of the World,
again
Environmental costs are rising
- Prices of nonrenewables
- Reducing emissions
- Adapting to climate change
Challenges The opportunity
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11. 9.3.2016 TIEKE Tietoyhteiskunnan kehittämiskeskus ry 11
Image: Cyberdyne
Exosceletons replace rollators and enhance mobility
Megatrends intertwine

12. Megatrend competency requirements
Technology and production
management competencies
- Robotics, algorithms and AI’s
- Algorithmic thinking
- Media literacy and creation
- Digital social capital
- Knowledge management and
analysis
- Cyber security
- Privacy protection
- Cross dicipline combinations
(e.g. smart buildings)
- Change management
- Open minded creativity
Care, gerontology
- Care robotics and technologies
- Usability and accessibility
- Geriatry, psychiatry for the aged
Global networking
- Languages, cultural literacy
- Consumer oriented service design
- Logistics
Environmental competencies
- Energy and material efficiency
- Bio and gene technologies
- Community design, transport
Challenges The opportunity
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13. During the next two years the calculating power
of our computers is going to double.
We ain’t seen nothing, yet.

14. Digitalisation is only just beginning
 The steam engine invented in the late
17th century revolutinalised economies
and societies in the early 19th century
 Education, labour market, politics, economy, family, …
 E.g. schools are still following an industrial paradigm
 E.g. our immaterial property rights system with patents and copyrights
 Digital technology invented on the 1940’s is now reshaping our
societies and economies even more quickly and profoundly
 What is the home, school, work place, labour union, … of 2080’s like?
 In 20 years time, one third of our current jobs are going to be taken care by robots
and artificial intelligences, the rest require new competencies and totally new
professions emerge
 The barriers between education, work and retirement are breaking
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15. A kid going to schnool this year
is going to be working until 2080’s.
Our kids live in the future – our education system has to be there too.

16. 2080’s – When you go as far in history, computers looked like this.
US Army Photo

17. What does this mean for education?
Debating the number of religion lessons in primary schools won’t help!

18. Creative destruction of economy
 A radically new technology or a new business model (made
possible by new technology) rapidly replaces old business models
and destroys business ecosystems relying on them
 While CD’s did not destroy the old music industry as its business model was the
same as with LP’s, mp3’s rapidly killed physical record shops, only to be replaced
itself with mobile streaming services like Spotify.
 ATM’s and web banks replaced physical bank offices
 In 1970’s Finland had some 300.000 lumberjacks, now only 3.500 harvester pilots
 Markets have inertia
 If no-one challenges the status quo, old business may survive for a while
 Regulation of old business models often prohibits new ones
– 80% of radical innovations are initially illegal or outside regulation
 Interest groups representing old business models have strong lobbying positions
 When dichotomy between old business models and new technology becomes too
great, markets start circumventing regulation
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19. Digitalisation is bitter medicine
In addition to old business models old jobs are becoming extinct

20. 10 professions most likely to disappear in Finland
1. Telemarketers and phone service providers (8 713)
2. Record keepers (326)
3. Photo product process workers (216)
4. Forwarders, customs and ship handlers (2 985)
5. Accounts and records experts (25 036)
6. Packing, bottling and labeling machine handlers (5 456)
7. Classifiers and quality controllers (excl. food and drink) (2 342)
8. Legal secretaries (885)
9. Models (70)
10. Salary accountants (4 964)
Pajarinen M. & Rouvinen P. (2014) Computerization Threatens One Third of Finnish Employment.
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21. 10 professions most likely to survive in Finland
1. Head and ward nurses (5 666)
2. High school and primary school upper class teachers (23 280)
3. Health care managers (975)
4. Education managers (4 021)
5. Psychologists (4 548)
6. Social service managers (2 280)
7. Hearing analysts and speech therapeutists (1 170)
8. Learning method specialists (6 072)
9. Hotel managers (436)
10. Nutrition specialists (413)
Pajarinen M. & Rouvinen P. (2014) Computerization Threatens One Third of Finnish Employment.
Omenahotelli? AirBnB?
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22. Image: Zenrobotics
Digitalisation also creates jobs and profession, for example in recycling.
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23. Creative destruction of nations
 Accelerating digitalisation is
redealing the cards of world
economy and influence
 It is not self-evident that Finland and other
old industrial nations become new digital nations
 Nations have to reinvent themselves in order to prevail
 All sectors of economy and society are facing as painful a
restructuring as media industry has gone through.
 New processes and business models are more important than the new
technologies (that enable the new processes and business models).
 Digitalisation is the only chance Finland has
 As many jobs and professions have to be eliminated with automation as possible
 New flexible income and education paradigms are needed
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24. yhteensä.
9.3.2016 TIEKE Tietoyhteiskunnan kehittämiskeskus ry 24
New challengers
In 2012 African mobile
payment markets were
bigger than U.S. and EU
combined (61.5 billion euros).
Kenya looks forward to
open a cargo drone route
by 2016.

25. E.g. mobile payments – insurmountable in Finland
TimoSImell
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26. Finland does not prevail by
scrapping ATM’s and milking robots …
… and distributing hand saws and milking stools to people.
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27. Creative destruction of university
 Universities need to address their rapidly changing world
 Competency requirements of work and life are changing
 Changing society requires research and analysis for guidance
 Students needs, skills and lives are changing
 Universities are competing on a global playing field
 Staff and students do not settle for second best in the world
 MOOC’s give anyone access to world class academic education
 Universities need to innovate themselves
 Digital technologies facilitate new pedagogy and work processes
 New pedagogical methods challenge old educational paradigms
 Sooner or later someone reinvents the university ‘business model’
and replaces our old educational ecosystem
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28. Universities are pivotal competency creators
But those competencies must answer to students’ and society’s needs
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29. Learning in 2030’s
 Walls between learning and work will break
 One day in a week as a trainer, another one as a trainee
 Walls between disciplines will break
 Innovations take place on boundaries where different people meet
 Walls do not restrict learning to certain times or places
 University is more like a state of mind than a physical place
 Walls between education and learning break
 Learning is a communal activity with weak hierarchies
 IC technologies become mundane learning tools
 IC Technology is not emphasised more than doors or windows
 Focus on pedagogy and ways of action enabled by IC technology
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30. E.g. Aalto university
does not (yet) have a humanistic faculty
E.g. the famous M.I.T. does …
The reason why Finland produces so few consumer products?

31. Students of the future
 Ritalin and other brain doping substances are coming
 In Germany, every fifth student is using chemicals to improve academic
performance. In field related to sports, every fourth.
 Students are working, entrepreneurs, unemployed and/or retired
 In a rapidly changing world you cannot quit learning
 Precariat flex careers include several profession, i.e. several degrees or
corresponding education
 Students are becoming connected cyborgs
 Soon we are not fiddling with smart phones
but living in augmented realities
 Sensors, implants, smart glasses etc. are emerging
 Turning cyborg’s gadgets off corresponds to amputation
Dietz P., Striegel H., Franke A., Lieb K., Simon P. & Ulrich R. (2013) Randomized Response Estimates for the 12-Month Prevalence of Cognitive-
Enhancing Drug Use in University Students. Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. Vol 33,/1, p 44-50.
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32. Precariat life is flexible and fractured
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Studying
Working
Care
”Free” time
Timeused
Not to mention sabbaticals, rehabilitation, positions of trust, volunteering, unemployment etc.
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33. Syöpä
0 10 20 30 40 50 >>
Koulu Teekkari DI
Tutkija
Lapsi
(KH)(tekn) Valtuutettu (pj)
ked
Scifi, fantasia, sarjakuva, burleski, sienestys, melonta, valokuvaus
Kirjat
TkT
Soft
Tieke
Kolumnisti, blogisti
EU
Luennoija, kouluttaja, opettaja
Maria
Ilmari
MB C= Pelit
?
Kaislaranta
Kirjat
ked

34. Digital university
 Course books are being replaced
by crowdsourced digital materials
 Learning materials are now cheaper than ever before
 Lectures are being replaced by peer networking
 Some courses have regressed to email letter courses
 Universities’, researchers’, teachers’ and students’ performances
are going to be constantly monitored and analysed
 How to provide informed feedback and guidance cost-effectively?
 Constant comparision with the best educators in the world
 MOOC’s are challenging traditional degree based education
 Degree guarantees only that your competencies are outdated
 A degree is a permission to participate in updating education
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35. Challenges to universities
 Univerisities have to earn their
autonomy
 Universities have to provide their students competencies required for success in
rapidly changing future job markets
– E.g. Finnish teacher education has fallen badly behind digitalisation of society
 Growing tension between research society needs and science for science’s sake
 Is university a local service?
 There is no national series for universities, only world cup
 Are universities education politics, industrial politics or regional politics?
 University no longer an academic career choice but a phase in life
 More staff movement between universities and rest of the society
 In addition to academic output, indicators and funding should address student
satisfaction, employment and entrepreneurship
 How to take into account merits earned outside universities in recruitment?
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36. The three missions
 Scientific research
 Open science challenges traditional
academic practices and culture
 Research cooperation with private companies with IPR and trade secrets
 Project funding leads to applied research with predefined results
 Funding and administration steal time from research and teaching
 Highest education
 Substance competency does not guarantee pedagogic competency nor innovation
 Tension between researcher education and professional education
 Compatibility of degree contents and work life requirements
 Social influence
 Universities have to address the growing anti-science sentiment of our society
 Indicators and funding do not include participation in public discussion
 Universities have to be determined in defend of researchers’ freedom of expression
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37. Do not worry too much
Future is going to be different than we can imagine.

38. 30.9.2010 www.kasvi.org 38
Sukupuolten välinen digikuilu?
Discussion
U.S. Army Photo